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1.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 48(2): 206-211, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38149651

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC; values or category) alone, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) scoring alone, and the two in combination, to diagnose transition zone prostate cancers (PCas). METHODS: This retrospective study included 222 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate between May 2020 and December 2022 and who had pathologically confirmed PCa or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 and ADC (values or category) were used in the assessment of suspicious findings identified in the transition zone. The interobserver agreements for region-of-interest measurements were calculated by intraclass correlation coefficients. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the performance of PI-RADS v2.1 alone and in combination with ADC (values or category) to diagnose PCa. Receiver operating characteristic curve and DeLong test were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the quantitative parameters. RESULTS: A total of 152 patients had BPH, and 70 patients had PCa. For BPH versus PCa, the ADC values of PCa (0.64 × 10 -3 ± 0.16 × 10 -3 mm 2 /s) were significantly lower than BPH (1.06 ± 0.18 × 10 -3 mm 2 /s; P < 0.001). The PI-RADS scores for PCa (5 [interquartile range, 5-5]) were significantly higher than BPH (2 [interquartile range, 2-3]; P < 0.001). For all patients who had PI-RADS 1-5, the combined use of ADC (values or category) together with PI-RADS v2.1 did not perform significantly better than the use of PI-RADS v2.1 alone. The receiver operating characteristic of ADC category in combination with PI-RADS v2.1 score, 0.756 (95% confidence interval, 0.646-0.846), was significantly higher than that for PI-RADS 2.1 alone, 0.631 (95% confidence interval, 0.514-0.738), in PI-RADS 3-4 lesions ( P = 0.047). CONCLUSION: The ADC category can help to improve the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2.1 category 3-4 lesions in diagnosing PCa.


Asunto(s)
Hiperplasia Prostática , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos
2.
Front Oncol ; 13: 1093861, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36874127

RESUMEN

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the application value of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in primary and metastatic lesions of abdominal and pelvic malignancies (APMs). Materials: The search, limited to the earliest available date of indexing through 31 July 2022, was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases using a data-specific Boolean logic search strategy. We calculated the detection rate (DR) of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the primary staging and recurrence of APMs, and pooled sensitivities/specificities based on lymph nodes or distant metastases. Results: We analyzed 473 patients and 2775 lesions in the 13 studies. The DRs of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluating the primary staging and recurrence of APMs were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63-0.87), and 0.91(95% CI: 0.61-1.00), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.44-0.68), respectively. The DRs of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in primary gastric cancer and liver cancer were 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.89-1.00) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.59-0.97), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.52-0.98), respectively. The pooled sensitivities of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in lymph nodes or distant metastases were 0.717(95% CI: 0.698-0.735) and 0.525(95% CI: 0.505-0.546), and the pooled specificities were 0.891 (95% CI: 0.858-0.918) and 0.821(95% CI: 0.786-0.853), respectively. Conclusions: This meta-analysis concluded that 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT had a high overall diagnostic performance in detecting the primary staging and lymph nodes or distant metastases of APMs, but the detection ability of 68Ga-FAPI was significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG. However, the ability of 68Ga-FAPI to diagnose lymph node metastasis is not very satisfactory, and is significantly lower than that of distant metastasis. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022332700.

3.
Front Oncol ; 12: 911146, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35936732

RESUMEN

Background: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the detection rate (DR) of fluoro-prostate-specific membrane antigen (18F-PSMA-1007) PET/CT in patients with different serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in the setting of primary staging of prostate cancer (PCa) or biochemically recurring PCa. Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. This study was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD42022331595). We calculated the DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa. Results: The final analysis included 15 studies that described 1,022 patients and 2,034 lesions with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa. The DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in patients with PCa in primary staging ranged from 90% to 100%, with a pooled estimate of 94% (95% CI: 92%-96%). The DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in patients with PCa in BCR ranged from 47% to 100%, with a pooled estimate of 86% (95% CI: 76%-95%). The DRs of PSA levels >2.0, 1.1-2.0, 0.51-1.0, and ≤0.5 ng/ml detected by 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in a patient-based analysis were 97% (95% CI: 93%-99%), 95% (95% CI: 88%-99%), 79% (95% CI: 68%-88%), and 68% (95% CI: 58%-78%), respectively. Conclusion: This meta-analysis concluded that 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT had a high application value for prostate cancer, including primary tumors and biochemical recurrence. The DR of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT was slightly higher in primary prostate tumors than in biochemical recurrence. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022331595.

4.
Hell J Nucl Med ; 25(1): 88-102, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35388806

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the application value of fluorine-18-prostate specific membrane antigen (18F-PSMA-1007) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with different serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and primary prostate cancer (PCa) or the biochemical recurrence of PCa. METHODS: A comprehensive electronic literature search of the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. We calculated the pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa. A summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for PCa. RESULTS: The final analysis included 11 studies that described 799 patients and 4261 lesions with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa were 0.836 and 0.946, respectively. The per-patient pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa were 0.934 and 0.453, and the per-lesion values were 0.816 and 0.979, respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa with PSA>2ng/mL were 0.923 and 0.442 in a patient-based analysis and 0.799 and 0.961 in a lesion-based analysis, respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa with PSA≤2ng/mL were 0.832 and 0.277 in a patient-based analysis, respectively. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed that 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has a higher diagnostic value for prostate cancer in the setting of primary PCa and biochemical recurrence. As serum PSA levels increase, the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT also improves.


Asunto(s)
Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Radioisótopos de Galio , Humanos , Masculino , Niacinamida/análogos & derivados , Oligopéptidos , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Antígeno Prostático Específico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología
5.
Front Oncol ; 12: 1075072, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36713551

RESUMEN

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) whole-lesion histogram parameters in differentiating benign and malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs). Materials and Methods: Patients with SPLs detected by chest CT examination and with further routine MRI, DKI and IVIM-DWI functional sequence scanning data were recruited. According to the pathological results, SPLs were divided into a benign group and a malignant group. Independent samples t tests (normal distribution) or Mann‒Whitney U tests (nonnormal distribution) were used to compare the differences in DKI (Dk, K), IVIM (D, D*, f) and ADC whole-lesion histogram parameters between the benign and malignant SPL groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the histogram parameters and determine the optimal threshold. The area under the curve (AUC) of each histogram parameter was compared by the DeLong method. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between histogram parameters and malignant SPLs. Results: Most of the histogram parameters for diffusion-related values (Dk, D, ADC) of malignant SPLs were significantly lower than those of benign SPLs, while most of the histogram parameters for the K value of malignant SPLs were significantly higher than those of benign SPLs. DKI (Dk, K), IVIM (D) and ADC were effective in differentiating benign and malignant SPLs and combined with multiple parameters of the whole-lesion histogram for the D value, had the highest diagnostic efficiency, with an AUC of 0.967, a sensitivity of 90.00% and a specificity of 94.03%. Most of the histogram parameters for the Dk, D and ADC values were negatively correlated with malignant SPLs, while most of the histogram parameters for the K value were positively correlated with malignant SPLs. Conclusions: DKI (Dk, K) and IVIM (D) whole-lesion histogram parameters can noninvasively distinguish benign and malignant SPLs, and the diagnostic performance is better than that of DWI. Moreover, they can provide additional information on SPL microstructure, which has important significance for guiding clinical individualized precision diagnosis and treatment and has potential clinical application value.

6.
Hell J Nucl Med ; 24(2): 149-154, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34352050

RESUMEN

We present a case of a 33-year-old female hospitalized with a 3-month history of right knee pain when squatting. Her physical examination showed no resting pain or local skin fever. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple nodular long T1 and short T2 abnormal signal shadows in the popliteal fossa region. A patchy T2 high signal shadow was found in the soft tissue around the right knee.Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) revealed multiple soft tissue density nodules around and within the right knee joint (largest 20x13mm) with a maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 10.5 and a delayed SUVmax of 12.0. The subsequent histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of a diffuse giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) and pigmented villonodular synovitis(PVNS).


Asunto(s)
Sinovitis Pigmentada Vellonodular , Adulto , Femenino , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Humanos , Articulación de la Rodilla/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Sinovitis Pigmentada Vellonodular/diagnóstico por imagen , Tendones/diagnóstico por imagen
7.
Korean J Radiol ; 21(7): 859-868, 2020 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32524786

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of initial CT quantitative analysis of ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, and total lesion volume and its relationship with clinical features for assessing the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively reviewed from January 23, 2020 to February 19, 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: severe group (n = 23) and non-severe group (n = 61). Clinical symptoms, laboratory data, and CT findings on admission were analyzed. CT quantitative parameters, including GGO, consolidation, total lesion score, percentage GGO, and percentage consolidation (both relative to total lesion volume) were calculated. Relationships between the CT findings and laboratory data were estimated. Finally, a discrimination model was established to assess the severity of COVID-19. RESULTS: Patients in the severe group had higher baseline neutrophil percentage, increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and procalcitonin levels, and lower baseline lymphocyte count and lymphocyte percentage (p < 0.001). The severe group also had higher GGO score (p < 0.001), consolidation score (p < 0.001), total lesion score (p < 0.001), and percentage consolidation (p = 0.002), but had a lower percentage GGO (p = 0.008). These CT quantitative parameters were significantly correlated with laboratory inflammatory marker levels, including neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte percentage, hs-CRP level, and procalcitonin level (p < 0.05). The total lesion score demonstrated the best performance when the data cut-off was 8.2%. Furthermore, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 93.8% (confidence interval [CI]: 86.8-100%), 91.3% (CI: 69.6-100%), and 91.8% (CI: 23.0-98.4%), respectively. CONCLUSION: CT quantitative parameters showed strong correlations with laboratory inflammatory markers, suggesting that CT quantitative analysis might be an effective and important method for assessing the severity of COVID-19, and may provide additional guidance for planning clinical treatment strategies.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto , Algoritmos , Área Bajo la Curva , Betacoronavirus , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , COVID-19 , China , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Inflamación , Linfocitos/citología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , Admisión del Paciente , Polipéptido alfa Relacionado con Calcitonina/sangre , Pronóstico , Curva ROC , Proyectos de Investigación , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad
8.
Biomed Res Int ; 2018: 2149532, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29951528

RESUMEN

Therapies targeting specific tumor pathways are easy to enter the clinic. To monitor molecular changes, cellular processes, and tumor microenvironment, molecular imaging is becoming the key technology for personalized medicine because of its high efficacy and low side effects. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its theranostic radioiodine has been widely used to diagnose or treat differentiated thyroid cancer. This article summarizes recent development of molecular imaging in thyroid cancer, which may accelerate the development of personalized thyroid cancer therapy.


Asunto(s)
Imagen Molecular , Medicina de Precisión , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Yodo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/genética
9.
Springerplus ; 5(1): 1046, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27462494

RESUMEN

As a regulator of coagulation, abnormal Protein Z (PZ) expression may lead to the formation of blood clots in humans. While previous studies have shown that PZ protein is altered in several types of cancer, however, additional observations are needed to understand the complex biology involved. Herein, we investigated local alterations in PZ expression in lung adenocarcinomas by measuring gene and protein expression in both cancerous and normal lung tissues. Twenty-two (22) specimens of lung adenocarcinoma and 22 specimens of normal lung tissues from human patients were compared for the expression of PZ. In addition, A549 adenocarcinoma cells were compared to a normal epithelial cell line, 16-HBE, for in vitro PZ expression. In tissues and cells, PZ protein and gene expression were determined using western blot, immunohistochemistry and PCR. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues showed elevated expression of both PZ mRNA and protein compared with healthy tissue. Only protein expression was increased in cultured cell lines, which holds implications for the dominant source of PZ in tissues, as well as protein modifications necessary for PZ function. Protein Z appears to be associated with the presence of lung adenocarcinoma and may be a viable prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.

10.
Genet Mol Biol ; 34(1): 49-55, 2011 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21637543

RESUMEN

Two active mutations (A 781 G and A 1575 G) in growth hormone (GH) gene, and their associations with litter size (LS), were investigated in both a high prolificacy (Matou, n = 182) and a low prolificacy breed (Boer, n = 352) by using the PCR-RFLP method. Superovulation experiments were designed in 57 dams, in order to evaluate the effect of different genotypes of the GH gene on superovulation response. Two genotypes (AA and AB, CC and CD) in each mutation were detected in these two goat breeds. Neither BB nor DD homozygous genotypes were observed. The genotypic frequencies of AB and CC were significantly higher than those of AA and CD. In the third parity, Matou dams with AB or CC genotypes had significantly larger litter sizes than those with AA and CD (p < 0.05). On combining the two loci, both Matou and Boer dams with ABCD genotype had the largest litter sizes when compared to the other genotypes (p < 0.05). When undergoing like superovulation treatments, a significantly higher number of corpora lutea and ova, with a lower incidence of ovarian cysts, were harvested in the AB and CC genotypes than in AA and CD. These results show that the two loci of GH gene are highly associated with abundant prolificacy and superovulation response in goat breeds.

11.
Genet. mol. biol ; 34(1): 49-55, 2011. ilus, tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-573694

RESUMEN

Two active mutations (A 781 G and A 1575 G) in growth hormone (GH) gene, and their associations with litter size (LS), were investigated in both a high prolificacy (Matou, n = 182) and a low prolificacy breed (Boer, n = 352) by using the PCR-RFLP method. Superovulation experiments were designed in 57 dams, in order to evaluate the effect of different genotypes of the GH gene on superovulation response. Two genotypes (AA and AB, CC and CD) in each mutation were detected in these two goat breeds. Neither BB nor DD homozygous genotypes were observed. The genotypic frequencies of AB and CC were significantly higher than those of AA and CD. In the third parity, Matou dams with AB or CC genotypes had significantly larger litter sizes than those with AA and CD (p < 0.05). On combining the two loci, both Matou and Boer dams with ABCD genotype had the largest litter sizes when compared to the other genotypes (p < 0.05). When undergoing like superovulation treatments, a significantly higher number of corpora lutea and ova, with a lower incidence of ovarian cysts, were harvested in the AB and CC genotypes than in AA and CD. These results show that the two loci of GH gene are highly associated with abundant prolificacy and superovulation response in goat breeds.

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