Effect of gelatin edible coating with Aronia melanocarpa pomace polyphenols on the cold storage of chilled pork.

In this research, the Aronia melanocarpa pomace polyphenols (AMPPs) were extracted and purified. The purified AMPPs contained the most abundant chlorogenic acid (CGA) at 36.91 mg/100 mg, followed by chrysin at 8.61 mg/100 mg. At a concentration of 60 µg/mL, the purified AMPPs exhibited stronger scavenging activity against: DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, ABTS∙+, and also showed greater Fe3+ reducing activity than the VC control group. To solve the problem of easy spoilage of chilled meat during storage, gelatin edible coatings containing Aronia melanocarpa pomace polyphenols, referred to as G/AMPPs, were investigated for their effect on the chilled storage of pork. At a 1:1 volume ratio of 1 % polyphenol solution to 3 % gelatin solution, the G/AMPPs coating effectively curbed pH, TVB-N, TVC, drip loss, and b* value increases in chilled pork, while delaying declines in hardness, adhesion, a* value and L* value; The TVB-N content and TVC values demonstrated that the G/AMPPs coating significantly extended the shelf life of chilled pork by up to 15 days. The results showed that G/AMPPs had good preservative, antibacterial and antioxidant effects on chilled pork and thus development of G/AMPPs based coating shows appeared to offer promise for meat preservation.

CRISPR screening identifies PRMT1 as a key pro-ferroptotic gene via a two-layer regulatory mechanism.

Ferroptosis is a form of nonapoptotic cell death characterized by iron-dependent peroxidation of polyunsaturated phospholipids. However, much remains unknown about the regulators of ferroptosis. Here, using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genetic screening, we identify protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) as a crucial promoter of ferroptosis. We find that PRMT1 decreases the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) to limit the abundance of intracellular glutathione (GSH). Moreover, we show that PRMT1 interacts with ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), a GSH-independent ferroptosis suppressor, to inhibit the membrane localization and enzymatic activity of FSP1 through arginine dimethylation at R316, thus reducing CoQ10H2 content and inducing ferroptosis sensitivity. Importantly, genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of PRMT1 in mice prevents ferroptotic events in the liver and improves the overall survival under concanavalin A (ConA) exposure. Hence, our findings suggest that PRMT1 is a key regulator of ferroptosis and a potential target for antiferroptosis therapeutics.

The effect of hyperthyroidism on cognitive function, neuroinflammation, and necroptosis in APP/PS1 mice.

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence has linked the thyroid dysfunction to the pathogenesis of dementia. Evidence from clinical studies has demonstrated that hypothyroidism is related to an increased risk of dementia. But the association of hyperthyroidism with dementia is largely unknown. METHODS: We used the adenovirus containing thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) amino acid residues 1-289 (Ad-TSHR289)-induced Graves' disease (GD) phenotype in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice (APP/PS1 mice) to evaluate the effect of hyperthyroidism on the cognitive function and ß-amyloid (Aß) accumulation. RESULTS: GD mice exhibited a stable long-term hyperthyroidism and cognitive deficits. Single Cell RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that microglia function played a critical role in the pathophysiological processes in GD mice. Neuroinflammation and polarization of microglia (M1/M2 phenotype) and activated receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)/mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudo-kinase (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis contributed to the pathological process, including Aß deposition and neuronal loss. RIPK3 inhibitor could inhibit GD-mediated Aß accumulation and neuronal loss. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal that GD hyperthyroidism aggravates cognitive deficits in AD mice and induces Aß deposition and neuronal loss by inducing neuroinflammation and RIPK3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis.

Phenolic Contents, Organic Acids, and the Antioxidant and Bio Activity of Wild Medicinal Berberis Plants- as Sustainable Sources of Functional Food.

Wild fruits have increasingly been investigated as part of recent searches for food products with a high antioxidant activity. In this study, wild edible berberis Berberis vulgaris collected from three different provinces (Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Liaoning) were investigated for their phenolic contents, organic acid contents, mineral contents, antioxidant activity as well as their antimicrobial potential against a range of common food borne pathogens. In addition, a physiochemical and mineral analysis of the fruits was also performed. The methanol extracts of berberis fruit collected from Jilin province were highly active against all the studied food borne bacterial pathogens, i.e., S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, E. coli, P. fluorescens, V. parahaemolyticus, and A. caviae while the berberis extracts from Heilongjiang and Liaoning showed activity only against Gram-negative bacteria. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were determined by the HPLC separation method and ß-carotene bleaching methods, respectively. Four organic acids such as malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and succinic acid were identified while a variety of phenolic compounds were detected among which catechin, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid were found to be the predominant phenolic compounds in all three of berberis fruit samples. The berberis fruit from Jilin was found to be superior to the Heilongjiang and Liaoning fruit regarding desired physiochemical analysis; however, there were no significant differences in the mineral contents among the three samples. Overall, the berberis fruit from Jilin was ranked as the best in term of the nutritional, physiochemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. This study confirms the various useful characteristics and features of berberis at a molecular level that can be used as a sustainable source for their potential nutritional applications for making functional foods in different food industries.

Primary meningeal central nervous system lymphoma: A case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and isolated meningeal PCNSL, without evidence of parenchymal involvement, is even less common, occurring in only 10% to 15% of cases. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 65-years-old female presented to our hospital with progressive lower extremity motor dysfunction and blurred vision. The initial neurological examination revealed decreased muscle strength in both lower extremities and sensory dysfunction of lower extremities, saddle area, and buttocks. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormalities. Lumbar enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed T11 to L3 horizontal meningeal enhancement. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology revealed lymphoma cells. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry of the CSF were performed as auxiliary methods to establish the diagnosis of lymphoma. DIAGNOSES: The patient was diagnosed primary meningeal central nervous system lymphoma. INTERVENTIONS: During hospitalization, the patient was treated with 2 courses of high-dose intrathecal methotrexate and rituximab combined with intrathecal chemotherapy and supportive treatment. OUTCOMES: After 2 years of follow-up, the patient was able to walk and take care of herself. LESSONS: Cases of PCNSL involving only the meninges are rare. Multimodal analysis of the CSF comprises an important component of the diagnostic work-up for patients with primary meningeal central nervous system lymphoma.

Contributions from radiation damping and surface scattering to the linewidth of the longitudinal plasmon band of gold nanorods: a single particle study.

The scattering spectra of single gold nanorods with aspect ratios between 2 and 4 have been examined by dark field microscopy. The results show that the longitudinal plasmon resonance (electron oscillation along the long axis of the rod) broadens as the width of the rods decreases from 14 to 8 nm. This is attributed to electron surface scattering. Analysis of the data using gamma = gamma(bulk) + Anu(F)/L(eff), where L(eff) is the effective path length of the electrons and nu(F) is the Fermi velocity, allows us to determine a value for the surface scattering parameter of A = 0.3. Larger rods with widths of 19 and 30 nm were also examined. These samples also show spectral broadening, which is attributed to radiation damping. The relative strengths of the surface scattering and radiation damping effects are in excellent agreement with recent work on spherical gold nanoparticles by Sönnichsen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2002, 88, 077402; and by Berciaud et al., Nano Lett., 2005, 5, 515.