Evidencia científica sobre la aplicabilidad del ácido ascórbico en lesiones cutáneas / Scientific Evidence regarding the Applicability of Ascorbic Acid against Skin Lesions

Introducción: Las lesiones cutáneas se caracterizan por la ruptura de la continuidad del tegumento que resulta de varios factores. Así, la atención médica de las personas con lesiones cutáneas debe ser multidimensional e interdisciplinaria entre los profesionales de la salud. Una de las alternativas terapéuticas que viene ganando espacio en el tratamiento de pacientes con lesiones cutáneas es el uso de productos naturales, como el ácido ascórbico. Objetivo: Analizar la mejor evidencia científica sobre el uso del ácido ascórbico como método terapéutico en lesiones cutáneas. Métodos: Revisión sistemática, donde se buscaron estudios en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science y The Cochrane Data Base, con investigación dirigida a la aplicabilidad del ácido ascórbico en las lesiones de la piel. Los estudios se analizaron de forma pareada y se clasificaron con respecto a su mejor evidencia científica. Conclusión: Después de analizar los ensayos clínicos, que presentaron solidez científica, se notó que hay un fomento de la contribución del ácido ascórbico a la curación, ya que disminuye el proceso inflamatorio y conduce a la neovascularización, la concentración de macrófagos y la concentración de fibroblastos y fibras de colágeno. Entre los estudios analizados, se evidencia que el uso del ácido ascórbico tiene un efecto en el proceso terapéutico en pacientes con lesiones, pero requiere nuevos estudios para complementar esta tesis(AU)

Introduction: Skin lesions are characterized by break in the continuity of tissue resulting from several factors. Therefore, the medical care provided to people with skin lesions must be multidimensional and interdisciplinary. One of the therapeutic alternatives that is increasingly being used for the treatment of patients with skin lesions is the use of natural products, such as ascorbic acid. Objective: To analyze the best scientific evidence on the use of ascorbic acid as a therapeutic method against skin lesions. Methods: Systematic review consisting in search for studies in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science and The Cochrane Data Base, with research directed to the applicability of ascorbic acid against skin lesions. The studies were paired and ranked according to their best scientific evidence. Conclusion: After analyzing the clinical trials, which presented scientific solidity, it was noted that there is some promotion of the contribution of ascorbic acid to healing, since it decreases the inflammatory process and leads to neovascularization, to concentration of macrophages, as well as of fibroblasts and collagen fibers. Among the studies analyzed, it is evidenced that the use of ascorbic acid has an effect on the therapeutic process of patients with injuries, but new studies are required to complement this thesis(AU)

Risk of venous thromboembolism and implementation of preventive measures. / Riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso e implementación de medidas preventivas.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency of risk factors for venous thromboembolism in hospitalized medical patients and the use preventive measures by healthcare professionals. METHOD: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study including medical charts of 369 adult patients hospitalized in the Medical sector of a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, for at least 48h from 2015 to 2017. Sociodemographic data, clinical risk factors for venous thromboembolism, contraindication and implementation of chemical prophylaxis, and the occurrence of the disease were investigated. The use of preventive measures was calculated by following the guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Clinical Medicine and the risk of venous thromboembolism according to the Padua Prediction Score (high risk ≥ 4 and low risk < 4). RESULTS: The prevalence of venous thromboembolism was 7.3% (n = 27). All patients had at least one risk factor for venous thromboembolism, the most prevalent being reduced mobility (74.2%), active cancer (70.7%), infection (27.1%), recent surgery (21.6%) and age ≥70 years (20.0%). Chemical prophylaxis was implemented in 70.3% of high-risk patients without contraindication and mechanical prophylaxis was applied in only one of the cases with an indication. CONCLUSIONS: All patients had at least one risk factor for venous thromboembolism. However, there was a low rate of implementation of preventive measures by health care professionals. Therefore, there is a need for multiple interventions, including admission and permanent education of nurses regarding risk and prevention, warning systems and outcomes audit.

Correlations between stress, anxiety and depression and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among outpatients with heart failure.

Aim To describe and investigate correlations among anxiety, stress and depression and identify their relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with heart failure. METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, along with levels of anxiety, stress and depression from 309 outpatients. RESULTS: The mean levels of stress, anxiety and depression were correlated but low. Time since diagnosis, the disease's functional class, family income, and smoking influenced stress. Functional class and Chagas disease influenced anxiety and depression. Being unemployed and smoking influenced anxiety, while being a homeowner influenced depression. CONCLUSION: These findings should be considered when planning nursing interventions.