The Role of Obsessive Compulsive Traits in Fibromyalgia: Is Pain-Related Obsessive Ideation Involved in Pathogenesis?

Background and Objectives: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is defined as a chronic pain syndrome that is characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and diffuse stiffness. In addition, neuropsychological symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disorders, poor mood, cognitive impairment, and headaches are often reported. Many reports have addressed the coexistence of affective disorders and anxiety with FMS, yet few have focused on its association with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). We investigated the occurrence of classical patterns of OCD in participants with FMS and assessed their effect on pain perception and functional impairment. Material and Methods: The research population included 37 patients diagnosed with FMS, treated at the Rheumatology Clinic in the Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. We used validated questionnaires including a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on average and maximal pain intensity, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R), the Perceived Stress Scale, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Pain Obsessive questionnaire, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Results: Patients with FMS were found to have intrusive and obsessive thoughts regarding pain for several hours every day, causing a high degree of anxiety and high levels of pain, catastrophizing, and magnification, leading to helplessness and functional impairment. In total, 27% of the patients reported severe malfunction due to pain and pain ideation, and 49% demonstrated mild obsessive compulsive symptoms that were strongly correlated with pain intensity and functional impairment. Conclusions: Obsessive compulsive thinking patterns contribute to pain magnification and to the cognitive aspects of fibromyalgia syndrome.

Anxiety and depression status in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and outcomes of nintedanib treatment: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are common comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) that impair health-related quality of life. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the mental disorder of IPF after antifibrotic treatment and their related predictive factors. METHODS: Patients with an initial diagnosis of IPF were enrolled. Data on demographics, lung function, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score(SGRQ-T) were collected. Changes in anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, and quality of life scores before and after nintedanib treatment were compared, and the related predictive factors were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 56 patients with a first diagnosis of IPF were enrolled, with 42 and 35 patients suffering from anxiety and depression, respectively. The GAD-7, PHQ-9, PHQ-15, and SGRQ scores were higher in the anxiety and depression groups. SGRQ total score (SGRQ-T) [OR = 1.075, 95%CI= (1.011, 1.142)] was an independent predictor of IPF combined with anxiety (p < 0.05); SGRQ-T [OR = 1.080, 95%CI= (1.001, 1.167)] was also an independent predictor of IPF combined with depression (p < 0.05). After treatment, GAD-7, PHQ-9, PHQ-15, and SGRQ scores decreased (p < 0.05). ΔSGRQ-T significantly affected ΔGAD-7 (ß = 0.376, p = 0.009) and ΔPHQ-9 (ß = 0.329, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depression in IPF patients are closely related to somatic symptoms, pulmonary function, and quality of life. The SGRQ-T score is of great value for assessing anxiety and depression in patients with IPF. Short-term treatment with nintedanib antifibrotic therapy can alleviate anxiety and depression in IPF patients.

Prognostic value of depression and anxiety on colorectal cancer-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on univariate and multivariate data.

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, it remains unclear whether they are related to cancer mortality. METHOD: Based on a systematic literature search, 12 eligible studies involving 26,907 patients with CRC were included in this study. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that anxiety was associated with an all-cause mortality rate of 1.42 (1.02, 1.96), whereas multivariate analysis revealed that anxiety was not associated with an all-cause mortality rate of 0.73 (0.39, 1.36). In univariate and multivariate analyses, depression was associated with all-cause mortality rates of 1.89 (1.68, 2.13) and 1.62 (1.27, 2.06), respectively, but not with the cancer-associated mortality rate of 1.16 (0.91, 1.48) in multivariate analyses. Multivariate subgroup analysis of depression and all-cause mortality showed that younger age (≤65 years), being diagnosed with depression/anxiety after a confirmed cancer diagnosis, and shorter follow-up time (<5 years) were associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study emphasizes the key roles of depression and anxiety as independent factors for predicting the survival of patients with CRC. However, owing to the significant heterogeneity among the included studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. Early detection and effective treatment of depression and anxiety in patients with CRC have public health and clinical significance.

Anxiety, depression, and body image among infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

STUDY QUESTION: In women undergoing fertility treatment, do those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a higher prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression and lower body appreciation than women without PCOS? SUMMARY ANSWER: Having PCOS was not associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression but was associated with somewhat lower body appreciation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: PCOS has been associated with a higher chance to develop mental health problems, like anxiety, and body image concerns. The International Guidelines on PCOS recommend that all women with PCOS should routinely be screened for anxiety and depressive disorders. In most studies in this field, the comparison group included healthy women without fertility problems. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We conducted a cross-sectional survey study between May 2021 and July 2023, using an online questionnaire. We informed women about this study at fertility clinics in the Netherlands through posters and leaflets and on the websites of the Dutch patient organizations Freya and Stichting PCOS. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: This study included women with infertility, with and without PCOS, who were undergoing fertility treatment. Women completed two assessment tools: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Primary outcomes were clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety (score ≥ 11) and depression (score ≥ 11), and BAS-2 scores. Secondary outcomes were mean anxiety and depression scores and anxiety and depression scores of 8 and higher. Dichotomous outcomes and continuous outcomes were analysed using logistic and linear regression analyses adjusted for age, BMI, and duration of infertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 1025 women currently undergoing infertility treatment participated, of whom 502 (49.0%) had PCOS and 523 (51.0%) had other infertility diagnoses. We found self-reported clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety in 33.1% of women with PCOS and in 31.0% of women with other infertility diagnoses (adjusted OR: 0.99, 95% CI 0.74-1.31). Clinically relevant symptoms of depression were reported in 15.5% of women with PCOS versus 14.5% of women with other infertility diagnoses (adjusted OR: 1.04, 95% CI 0.71-1.50). Women with PCOS reported slightly less body appreciation (adjusted mean difference: -1.34, 95% CI -2.32 to -0.36). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Results are based on self-report and may have been affected by sampling bias. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Although guidelines recommend screening women with PCOS, feelings of anxiety and depression can be present in any woman undergoing fertility treatments. We advise fertility clinics to be aware of women's mental health issues and to offer support accordingly, as a part of routine care. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This study did not receive specific funding. All authors report no conflict of interest related to the current research. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This study was pre-registered at OSF: https://osf.io/qbeav.

Daily associations with cannabis use and sleep quality in anxious cannabis users.

INTRODUCTION: Cannabis is increasingly used to self-treat anxiety and related sleep problems, without clear evidence of either supporting or refuting its anxiolytic or sleep aid effects. In addition, different forms of cannabis and primary cannabinoids ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have differing pharmacological effects. METHODS: Thirty days of daily data on sleep quality and cannabis use were collected in individuals who use cannabis for mild-to-moderate anxiety (n = 347; 36% male, 64% female; mean age = 33 years). Participants self-reported both the form (flower or edible) and the ratio of THC to CBD in the cannabis used during the observation period. RESULTS: Individuals who reported cannabis use on a particular day also reported better sleep quality the following night. Moderation analyses showed that better perceived sleep after cannabis use days was stronger for respondents with higher baseline affective symptoms. Further, respondents who used cannabis edibles with high CBD concentration reported the highest perceived quality of sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals with affective symptoms, naturalistic use of cannabis was associated with better sleep quality, particularly for those using edible and CBD dominant products.

Relationship of sleep-quality and social-anxiety in patients with breast cancer: a network analysis.

BACKGROUND: There is a complex relationship between social anxiety and sleep quality. However, network analysis studies of associations between social anxiety and sleep quality are lacking, particularly among patients with breast cancer. The current study aimed to extend this research to a sample of patients with breast cancer and to examine symptom-level associations between social anxiety and sleep quality using network analysis. METHODS: Network analysis was conducted to explore their associations and identify bridge items of social anxiety and sleep quality. RESULTS: The network structure revealed 9 important edges between social anxiety and sleep quality. "Subjective sleep quality" had the highest EI value in the network. "Working difficulty under watching" and "Sleep disorders" had the highest BEI values in their own communities. CONCLUSION: There are complex pathological correlation pathways between social anxiety and sleep quality in breast cancer patients. "Subjective sleep quality", "Working difficulty under watching" and "Sleep disorders" have the potential to be intervention targets for sleep disorder-social anxiety comorbidity. Medical staff can take corresponding interventions according to the the centrality indices and bridge centrality indicators identified in this study, which is likely to effectively reduce the comorbidity of sleep disorders and social anxiety.

Effects of a Cognitive Behavioral Digital Therapeutic on Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

PURPOSE: Patients with cancer often experience elevated levels of distress. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial compared the impact of an app-based version of cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) versus a health education sham app on anxiety and depression symptoms. METHODS: Patients with nonmetastatic (stage I-III) cancer who were receiving or recently completed (≤6 months) systemic treatment were recruited nationwide. The primary outcome of change in anxiety symptoms (PROMIS-Anxiety) over 12 weeks and the top secondary outcome of change in depression symptoms (PROMIS-Depression) over 12 weeks were analyzed using mixed-effects modeling with repeated measures (weeks 0, 4, 8, 12). Patient global impressions of change in anxiety and depression were reported at weeks 4, 8, and 12. In addition, self-reported adverse events were collected throughout the study and adjudicated by the site principal investigator. RESULTS: Four hundred forty-nine patients were enrolled in the trial (age M [standard deviation] = 52.44 [11.46]; 81% female; 76% White; 53% breast cancer). Patients randomly assigned to digitized CBSM showed significantly greater reductions in anxiety (B = -0.03; P = .019) and depression (B = -0.02; P = .042) symptoms over 12 weeks. Patients who received digitized CBSM were also significantly more likely to perceive much or very much improvement (v no/minimal change or much/very much worse) in their symptoms of anxiety (χ2 = 31.76; P < .001) and depression (χ2 = 19.70; P < .001) compared with the control. CONCLUSION: The use of digitized CBSM led to significant improvements in anxiety and depression outcomes compared with the sham app.

Direct economic burden of mental health disorders associated with polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormone disorder affecting about one in seven reproductive-aged women worldwide and approximately 6 million women in the United States (U.S.). PCOS can be a significant burden to those affected and is associated with an increased prevalence of mental health (MH) disorders such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and postpartum depression. We undertook this study to determine the excess economic burden associated with MH disorders in women with PCOS in order to allow for a more accurate prioritization of the disorder as a public health priority. Methods: Following PRISMA reporting guidelines for systematic review, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Medline, Scopus, and PsycINFO through July 16, 2021, for studies on MH disorders in PCOS. Excluded were studies not in humans, without controls, without original data, or not peer reviewed. As anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and postpartum depression were by far the most common MH disorders assessed by the studies, we performed our meta-analysis on these disorders. Meta-analyses were performed using the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model to compute pooled estimates of prevalence ratios (PRs) for the associations between PCOS and these MH disorders and then calculated the excess direct costs related to these disorders in U.S. dollars (USD) for women suffering from PCOS in the U.S. alone. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: We screened 78 articles by title/abstract, assessed 43 articles in full text, and included 25 articles. Pooled PRs were 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-1.52) for anxiety, 1.65 (95% CI: 1.44-1.89) for depression, 1.48 (95% CI: PR: 1.06-2.05) for eating disorders, and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.96-1.50) for postpartum depression, for PCOS relative to controls. In the U.S., the additional direct healthcare costs associated with anxiety, depression, and eating disorders in PCOS were estimated to be $1.939 billion/yr, $1.678 billion/yr, and $0.644 billion/yr in 2021 USD, respectively. Postpartum depression was excluded from the cost analyses due to the non-significant meta-analysis result. Taken together, the additional direct healthcare costs associated with anxiety, depression, and eating disorders in PCOS were estimated to be $4.261 billion/yr in 2021 USD. Conclusions: Overall, the direct healthcare annual costs for the most common MH disorders in PCOS, namely anxiety, depression, and eating disorders, exceeds $4 billion in 2021 USD for the U.S. population alone. Taken together with our prior work, these data suggest that the healthcare-related economic burden of PCOS exceeds $15 billion yearly, considering the costs of PCOS diagnosis, and costs related to PCOS-associated MH, reproductive, vascular, and metabolic disorders. As PCOS has much the same prevalence across the world, the excess economic burden attributable to PCOS globally is enormous, mandating that the scientific and policy community increase its focus on this important disorder. Funding: The study was supported, in part, by PCOS Challenge: The National Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Association and by the Foundation for Research and Education Excellence.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects one in seven reproductive-age women worldwide. PCOS impacts women's physical and mental health, and it may also have detrimental effects on their social lives, academic achievement and careers. Studies show women with PCOS have higher rates of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, infertility and postpartum depression compared with women without the condition. The economic burden of PCOS is enormous. Previous studies show PCOS-related economic costs totals billions of dollars. But few studies have examined the costs associated with PCOS-associated mental health care. Learning more about these costs may help policymakers and clinicians allocate resources for mental health care for women with PCOS. Yadav et al. analyzed the results of 25 studies to assess the mental health impact of PCOS and its costs. The analysis found that women with PCOS are 60% more likely to have depression or anxiety compared to women without the condition. They were also twice as likely to have eating disorders. Caring for these mental health issues in PCOS patients increases US healthcare costs by approximately $4.2 billion yearly. These costs raise the healthcare-related economic burden of treating PCOS and associated conditions to $15 billion in the United States each year. The analysis suggests that earlier recognition and better treatment of PCOS could reduce associated healthcare costs and improve the quality of life for women with PCOS. The results may help policymakers and clinicians understand the condition's impact and prioritize resources for PCOS care. More research on the condition is necessary to reduce the enormous economic and personal burden caused by it.

Depression, anxiety, and the risk of cancer: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety have long been hypothesized to be related to an increased cancer risk. Despite the great amount of research that has been conducted, findings are inconclusive. To provide a stronger basis for addressing the associations between depression, anxiety, and the incidence of various cancer types (overall, breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, alcohol-related, and smoking-related cancers), individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses were performed within the Psychosocial Factors and Cancer Incidence (PSY-CA) consortium. METHODS: The PSY-CA consortium includes data from 18 cohorts with measures of depression or anxiety (up to N = 319,613; cancer incidences, 25,803; person-years of follow-up, 3,254,714). Both symptoms and a diagnosis of depression and anxiety were examined as predictors of future cancer risk. Two-stage IPD meta-analyses were run, first by using Cox regression models in each cohort (stage 1), and then by aggregating the results in random-effects meta-analyses (stage 2). RESULTS: No associations were found between depression or anxiety and overall, breast, prostate, colorectal, and alcohol-related cancers. Depression and anxiety (symptoms and diagnoses) were associated with the incidence of lung cancer and smoking-related cancers (hazard ratios [HRs], 1.06-1.60). However, these associations were substantially attenuated when additionally adjusting for known risk factors including smoking, alcohol use, and body mass index (HRs, 1.04-1.23). CONCLUSIONS: Depression and anxiety are not related to increased risk for most cancer outcomes, except for lung and smoking-related cancers. This study shows that key covariates are likely to explain the relationship between depression, anxiety, and lung and smoking-related cancers. PREREGISTRATION NUMBER: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=157677.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and type I interferon signaling induce anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mice with neuropathic pain.

Clinical evidence indicates that major depression is a common comorbidity of chronic pain, including neuropathic pain; however, the cellular basis for chronic pain-mediated major depression remains unclear. Mitochondrial dysfunction induces neuroinflammation and has been implicated in various neurological diseases, including depression. Nevertheless, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and anxiodepressive-like behaviors in the neuropathic pain state remains unclear. The current study examined whether hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and downstream neuroinflammation are involved in anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mice with neuropathic pain, which was induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). At 8 weeks after surgery, there was decreased levels of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns, such as cytochrome c and mitochondrial transcription factor A, and increased level of cytosolic mitochondrial DNA in the contralateral hippocampus, suggesting the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. Type I interferon (IFN) mRNA expression in the hippocampus was also increased at 8 weeks after PSNL surgery. The restoration of mitochondrial function by curcumin blocked the increased cytosolic mitochondrial DNA and type I IFN expression in PSNL mice and improved anxiodepressive-like behaviors. Blockade of type I IFN signaling by anti-IFN alpha/beta receptor 1 antibody also improved anxiodepressive-like behaviors in PSNL mice. Together, these findings suggest that neuropathic pain induces hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction followed by neuroinflammation, which may contribute to anxiodepressive-behaviors in the neuropathic pain state. Improving mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting type I IFN signaling in the hippocampus might be a novel approach to reducing comorbidities associated with neuropathic pain, such as depression and anxiety.

The "not so good" thyroid cancer: a scoping review on risk factors associated with anxiety, depression and quality of life.

The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased in recent years, leading to a growing number of survivors facing lifelong consequences. This scoping review investigated anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) in thyroid cancer survivors compared to the general population, those with benign pathology, and survivors of other types of cancers. Moreover, we aimed to identify the risk factors associated with anxiety, depression, and QoL in thyroid cancer patients. A total of 727 articles were identified through PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, and 68 articles that met the criteria were selected for data extraction. Thyroid cancer survivors have a poorer QoL compared to the general population, population with benign pathology, and survivors of other types of cancer associated with worse clinical outcomes. The main risk factors are grouped into socioeconomic factors, disease-specific factors, management factors, comorbidities, and patient perceptions. Effective communication between the patient and the medical team and behavioral interventions may reduce these risks. Despite the common perception of thyroid cancer as a "good cancer," the findings of this review demonstrate the need to address the risk factors associated with increased anxiety, depression, and lower QoL in survivors.

Sophoridine alleviates hyperalgesia and anxiety-like behavior in an inflammatory pain mouse model induced by complete freund's adjuvant.

Chronic pain, along with comorbid psychiatric disorders, is a common problem worldwide. A growing number of studies have focused on non-opioid-based medicines, and billions of funds have been put into digging new analgesic mechanisms. Peripheral inflammation is one of the critical causes of chronic pain, and drugs with anti-inflammatory effects usually alleviate pain hypersensitivity. Sophoridine (SRI), one of the most abundant alkaloids in Chinese herbs, has been proved to exert antitumor, antivirus and anti-inflammation effects. Here, we evaluated the analgesic effect of SRI in an inflammatory pain mouse model induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection. SRI treatment significantly decreased pro-inflammatory factors release after LPS stimuli in microglia. Three days of SRI treatment relieved CFA-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behavior, and recovered abnormal neuroplasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice. Therefore, SRI may be a candidate compound for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain and may serve as a structural basis for the development of new drugs.

The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Women's mental health has a significant impact on the health of society. Due to the prevalence of mental health problems in women with PCOS, this study aimed to determine the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety (primary outcomes) and quality of life (secondary outcomes) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 84 patients with PCOS referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz-Iran, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 42) and control (n = 42) groups. Counseling with cognitive behavioral therapy was provided in 8 sessions of 60-90 min weekly in groups with 5 to 7 people in each group for the intervention group. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety, Beck Depression, and Quality of Life Questionnaire for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ) were used to collect data. Independent t-test and ANCOVA were used to compare the outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS: After the intervention, based on ANCOVA test with adjusting the baseline values, mean scores of depression (mean difference (MD): -18.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -19.4 to -17.8: P < 0.001), trait anxiety (MD: -15.0; 95% CI: -16.0 to -13.9; P < 0.001), and state anxiety (MD: -15.3; 95% CI: -16.2 to -14.3; P < 0.001), were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean score of quality of life (MD: 19.25; 95% CI: 17.66 to 20.84; P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study showed that CBT was effective in reducing depression and anxiety and improving the quality of life. Therefore it is recommended that health care providers use this approach to improve the mental health and quality of life of women with PCOS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20110826007418N7. Date of registration: 25/10/2021. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/57348 ; Date of first registration: 25/10/2021.

Social cognition and behavioral outcomes in congenital heart disease: profiles and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.

Autism spectrum disorders are more prevalent in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) than in the general population. Children with CHD without diagnosed autism are also at increased risk for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric impairments. We characterized social and behavioral outcomes in children with CHD and examined neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidities. Children without diagnosed autism who underwent infant open-heart surgery were eligible. Parent-reports assessed social communication, unusual behaviors, self-regulation, anxiety, and executive function (EF). Neuropsychological tests assessing theory of mind (ToM), working memory, and verbal comprehension were administered. Outcomes were compared to normative data. Linear regressions were estimated with parent-reported scores and ToM abilities as outcomes. Predictors were anxiety symptoms, parent-reported EF, and working memory scores. Covariates were age, parental education, ADHD diagnosis, and verbal comprehension. Clinically relevant comorbidities were identified (N children scoring ≥1SD below the norm). Fifty-six children (10.8 ± 1.8 years) participated virtually. Compared to norms, children with CHD had impaired ToM, more unusual behaviors (p = .002), and less self-regulation (p = .018), but better social communication (p = .014). "Autism-like" traits were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (ß(95% CI) = 0.28(0.08-0.49), p = .008) and worse working memory (ß(95% CI) = -0.36(-0.59-0.13), p = .003). Twenty-one out of 22 children who displayed clinically relevant social and behavioral scores also showed anxiety symptoms (n = 4), impaired EF (n = 7), or both (n = 10). Children with CHD without diagnosed autism have elevated unusual behaviors, lower self-regulation, and impaired ToM. There is a high risk of co-existing anxiety and impaired EF which may increase disease burden. Targeted therapeutic interventions are needed to reduce long-term psychosocial risks in these children.AbbreviationAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions for school-aged children, 2nd Edition (BRIEF-2), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), congenital heart disease (CHD), Empathy/Systematizing Quotient Child Version (ESQ-C), Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, 2nd Edition (MASC-2), Social Responsiveness Scale (School-age form), 2nd Edition (SRS-2), theory of mind (ToM), Theory of Mind Task Battery (ToM-TB), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 5th edition (WISC-V).

Relación entre el grado de ansiedad (autoevaluación de ansiedad estado/rasgo [STAI]) y el grado de trastorno temporomandibular (índice anamnésico de Fonseca) en una población mexicana / Relationship between the degree of anxiety (state/trait anxiety self-assessment [STAI]) and the degree of temporomandibular disorder (Fonseca anamnestic index) in a Mexican population

Introducción: en la actualidad la ansiedad es uno de los síndromes clínicos más frecuentes y la relación directa con el trastorno temporomandibular (TTM) ha sido el punto de partida para diversos estudios, además del motivo de consulta más común para el clínico. Objetivos: evidenciar la relación existente entre el grado de ansiedad y el TTM. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional con una muestra de 220 individuos. Utilizando el cuestionario de autoevaluación de ansiedad estado/rasgo (STAI) para medir el grado de ansiedad y el cuestionario índice anamnésico de Fonseca (IAF) para medir el grado de TTM. Resultados: de las personas que participaron en el estudio, 36.8% presentan ansiedad leve, 27.7% ansiedad moderada, 21.8% ansiedad mínima y 13.6% ansiedad severa, siendo los hombres con mayor porcentaje de ansiedad moderada (33.7%) y las mujeres mayor tendencia a la ansiedad severa (16.4%). de los pacientes, 42.3% refieren no presentar ningún grado de disfunción; 30% disfunción leve, 18.6% disfunción moderada, y solo 8.6% disfunción grave. Conclusión: se encontró una relación directa, correlacionándose gradualmente a mayor nivel de ansiedad, mayor grado de TTM

Introduction: anxiety is currently one of the most frequent clinical syndromes and the direct relationship with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been the starting point for various studies as well as the most common reason for consultation for the clinician. Objectives: to demonstrate the relationship between the degree of anxiety and TMD. Material and methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out with a sample of 220 individuals. Using the state/trait anxiety self-assessment questionnaire (STAI) to measure the degree of anxiety and the Fonseca anamnestic index questionnaire (IAF) to measure the degree of TMD. Results: 36.8% of the people who participated in the study present mild anxiety, 27.7% moderate anxiety, 21.8% minimal anxiety and 13.6% severe anxiety, the men having a higher percentage of moderate anxiety (33.7%) and women greater tendency to severe anxiety (16.4%). 42.3% of patients report not presenting any degree of dysfunction; 30% mild dysfunction, 18.6% moderate dysfunction, and only 8.6% severe dysfunction. Conclusion: a direct relationship was found, gradually correlating to a higher level of anxiety, a higher degree of TMD (AU)

Boredom Susceptibility and Quit Smoking: The Role of Anxiety Symptoms.

Boredom is one of the main reported motives for smoking. However, scarce research has examined the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence achievement in treatment-seeking smokers. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of anxiety symptoms in the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence at the end of a smoking cessation treatment. The sample was composed of 481 Spanish smokers who received a cognitive-behavioral treatment to quit (Mage= 45.51, SD = 11.16; 60.6% female). The Boredom Susceptibility subscale of the Sensation Seeking Scale Form-V and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. Pearson correlations and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the study variables. Boredom susceptibility was significantly and positively correlated to anxiety symptoms, but not to abstinence. Anxiety symptoms were significantly and negatively correlated to abstinence. A significant indirect effect of boredom susceptibility on abstinence at the end of treatment through anxiety symptoms was found. There was no direct relation between boredom susceptibility and abstinence. These findings extend previous literature by showing that higher boredom susceptibility is associated with less likelihood to be abstinent at the end of the treatment through higher anxiety symptoms. These results highlight the relevance of considering the inclusion of boredom and anxiety management techniques in smoking cessation interventions.

Mental health, cancer risk, and the mediating role of lifestyle factors in the CARTaGENE cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between mental health disorders and cancer risk is inconclusive, despite well-established associations between mental health disorders and lifestyle factors such as smoking. This study examines the relationships between depression, anxiety and cancer risk, and the potential mediating effects of lifestyle factors. METHODS: A study of 34,571 participants aged 40-69 years in the CARTaGENE cohort was conducted. Depression was defined by questionnaire (PHQ-9), antidepressant use, and a composite of questionnaire, antidepressant use, or lifetime self-reported physician diagnosis. Anxiety was defined by questionnaire (GAD-7). Co-morbid depression and anxiety was also assessed. Cox regression models were used to investigate associations between mental health and risk of prostate, lung, and all cancers combined. Mediating effects of lifestyle factors were assessed using Baron and Kenny mediation criteria. RESULTS: There were positive associations between mental health disorders, all cancers and lung cancer risk, however with the exception of anxiety and lung cancer in women (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.01-2.76), associations were attenuated with adjustment for sociodemographics, health status and lifestyle factors. In the mediation analysis, smoking accounted for 27%, 18%, and 26%, of the total effect between depression (PHQ-9), anxiety, and co-morbidity and lung cancer, respectively in women. In men, smoking accounted for 17% of the total effect between depression (PHQ-9, antidepressant, or lifetime self-report of physician diagnosis) and all cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Positive associations were observed between mental health disorders, all cancer and lung cancer risk, however most relationships were attenuated with adjustment for lifestyle factors. Smoking status mediated a significant proportion of the relationships between mental health disorders and cancer risk.