Nursing international student mobility in the University of São Paulo / Movilidad internacional estudiantil de Enfermería de la Universidad de São Paulo / Mobilidade internacional estudantil de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the experiences of undergraduate students of the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo (EEUSP) who participated in international mobility programs between January 2011 and July 2017. Method: Exploratory, descriptive study with quantitative approach. Of 68 reports, only 38 (56%) were considered valid and were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. Data were categorized in general, institutional, academic and cultural aspects and cost of living. Results: The main destination was Portugal and the years with most participation were 2012 and 2013. The mean stay was six months and the students took a mean of three to four courses. The main funder was the university of origin. Conclusion: Academic activities were limited to theoretical and practical courses, with little insertion in research. There is a need to increase investment in learning other languages and to expand partnerships with larger centers of foreign education and research.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar las experiencias de los estudiantes de graduación de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de São Paulo (EEUSP), participantes de los programas de movilidad internacional, entre enero de 2011 y julio de 2017. Método: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo de abordaje cuantitativo, de 68 reportes. De estos, solamente 38 (56%) se consideraron válidos y se sometieron al análisis estadístico descriptivo. Los datos se recogieron según los aspectos generales de la experiencia: institucionales, académicos, culturales y costo de vida. Resultados: El destino principal fue Portugal, entre los años 2012 y 2013, con permanencia media de seis meses y cursando, promedio, de tres a cuatro disciplinas. La principal financiadora fue la universidad de origen. Conclusión: Las actividades académicas se limitaron a disciplinas teórico-prácticas, sin involucrarse mucho en la investigación. Existe la necesidad de aumentar las inversiones para el aprendizaje de otros idiomas y aumentar los convenios con los grandes centros de enseñanza e investigación extranjeros.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar as experiências dos estudantes de graduação da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo (EEUSP), participantes dos programas de mobilidade internacional, entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2017. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, de 68 relatórios. Desses, apenas 38 (56%) foram considerados válidos e submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Os dados foram apreendidos em aspectos gerais da experiência, institucionais, acadêmicos, culturais e custo de vida. Resultados: O principal destino foi Portugal, entre os anos de 2012 e 2013, com permanência média de seis meses, cursando em média três a quatro disciplinas. O principal financiador foi a universidade de origem. Conclusão: As atividades acadêmicas limitaram-se a disciplinas teórico-práticas, com pouca inserção na pesquisa. Há necessidade de aumentar o investimento na aprendizagem de outros idiomas e ampliar parcerias com grandes centros de ensino e de pesquisa estrangeiros.

Pesquisadores brasileiros na pós-graduação de Antropologia Médica na Espanha: relato de experiência / Investigadores brasileños en el post-grado de antropología médica en España: relato de experiencia / Brazilian researchers in Medical Anthropology Postgraduate Studies in Spain: Experience Report

O objetivo do manuscrito foi relatar e discutir a experiência de pesquisadores brasileiros, do campo da saúde, em um programa da área da antropologia. Trata-se de relato de experiência elaborado na perspectiva de se reconhecerem e discutirem, de maneira crítica, as experiências dos pesquisadores no campo antropológico da educação continuada e permanente, tendo como cenário o doutorado em Antropologia e Comunicação da Universitat Rovira i Virgil em Tarragona, Espanha. O relato da imersão dos pesquisadores nos estudos sobre antropologia médica e saúde global revelou a ampliação de horizontes sobre a compreensão do processo de saúde-enfermidade-atenção, possibilitando a análise do fenômeno sob outra perspectiva, onde os valores da sociedade e da cultura estão fortemente presentes.

El objetivo del manuscrito fue relatar y discutir la experiencia de investigadores brasileños, del campo de la salud, en un programa del área de la antropología. Se trata de un relato de experiencia elaborado desde la perspectiva de reconocer y discutir, de manera crítica, las experiencias de los investigadores en el campo antropológico de la educación continuada y permanente, teniendo como escenario el doctorado en Antropología y comunicación de la Universitat Rovira i Virgil en Tarragona, España. El relato de la inmersión de los investigadores en los estudios sobre antropología médica y salud global reveló la ampliación de horizontes sobre la comprensión del proceso de salud-enfermedad-atención, posibilitando el análisis del fenómeno bajo otra perspectiva, en donde los valores de la sociedad y de la cultura están fuertemente presentes.

The purpose of this manuscript was to report and discuss the experience of Brazilian health researchers, going through a program in the area of anthropology. This experience report aims to acknowledge and critical discuss the experiences of the researchers in the anthropology field of continued and permanent education, in the background of the PhD course in Anthropology and Communication of the Universitat Rovira i Virgili in Tarragona, Spain. The immersion studies on medical anthropology and global health done by the researchers widened their understanding of the health-disease-care process, enabling the analysis of the phenomenon from another perspective, where the society and cultural values are strongly present.

The Medical Mission and Modern Core Competency Training: A 10-Year Follow-Up of Resident Experiences in Global Plastic Surgery.

BACKGROUND: The emphasis on cultural competency for physicians and surgeons is increasingly important, as communication with both patients and other providers significantly affects individual and system-wide outcomes. International surgical training has been shown to improve leadership skills, cultural competency, and technical proficiency of participants in short-term follow-up. This study explores the long-term impact of international surgical mission experiences on developing participants' core competencies, professional outcomes, and commitment to global health. METHODS: All 208 plastic and reconstructive surgeons who completed the Operation Smile Regan/Stryker fellowship programs between 2006 and 2015 were surveyed electronically. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-five surveys were returned, for an overall response rate of 79.3 percent. The majority of participants reported that the fellowship positively impacted all six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies. Most participants who were attending physicians at the time of the survey were practicing general plastic surgery, with 42 percent in an academic/teaching environment, 32 percent in assistant/associate professor positions, and 6 percent in either a program director or department chairman position. The majority currently volunteer on local or international missions, and all respondents would consider volunteering again. CONCLUSIONS: Carefully structured and rigorously proctored programs such as the Regan/Stryker Fellowship offer plastic surgery residents the opportunity to gain valuable professional and personal experiences that benefit them long after their service experience. Programs of this nature can not only effectively improve cultural competency of physicians, but also positively influence their attitudes toward leadership and direct that potential to meet the growing need for surgical care in low- and middle-income countries.

Global surgery opportunities for U.S. surgical residents: an interim report.

INTRODUCTION: In 2011, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the American Board of Surgery developed guidelines that allowed time spent and cases performed outside of the United States by surgical residents from ACGME-accredited training programs to be applied toward program completion. We hypothesized that the number of programs with global surgical rotations would have increased after that important development. We also sought to determine the characteristics that led to sustainment of such programs. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board-approved electronic survey was sent to all 253 program directors of ACGME-approved general surgery residencies requesting information on international rotations available to residents. Responses were requested from program directors with extant rotations. Survey questions focused on locations, funding, nature of the rotations, faculty involvement, keys to success, and the barriers to overcome during program development and sustainment. RESULTS: The survey reported 34 surgery residency programs offering global surgery rotations, up from 23 just 5 years previously. Of these reporting programs, 25 have been approved by the ACGME. Most rotations occur in the postgraduate year 3 or 4 and are primarily clinical rotations. Africa is the main destination. Resident supervision is provided by a mixture of host and home surgeons. A dedicated faculty is considered to be the most important element for success while funding remains a major impediment. CONCLUSIONS: The interest in global surgery continues to increase, and general surgical programs will strive to meet the expectations of residents looking for international exposure. Collaboration could facilitate resident opportunities and potentially be more cost-effective.

Global health in general surgery residency: a national survey.

BACKGROUND: Interest in global health during postgraduate training is increasing across disciplines. There are limited data from surgery residency programs on their attitudes and scope of activities in this area. This study aims to understand how global health education fits into postgraduate surgical training in the US. STUDY DESIGN: In 2007 to 2008, we conducted a nationwide survey of program directors at all 253 US general surgery residencies using a Web-based questionnaire modified from a previously published survey. The goals of global health activities, type of activity (ie, clinical versus research), and challenges to establishing these programs were analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy-three programs responded to the survey (29%). Of the respondents, 23 (33%) offered educational activities in global health and 86% (n = 18) of these offered clinical rotations abroad. The primary goals of these activities were to prepare residents for a career in global health and to improve resident recruitment. The greatest barriers to establishing these activities were time constraints for faculty and residents, lack of approval from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and Residency Review Committee, and funding concerns. Lack of interest at the institution level was listed by only 5% of program directors. Of the 47 programs not offering such activities, 57% (n = 27) were interested in establishing them. CONCLUSIONS: Few general surgery residency programs currently offer clinical or other educational opportunities in global health. Most residencies that responded to our survey are interested in such activities but face many barriers, including time constraints, Residency Review Committee restrictions, and funding.

The history of awake craniotomy for brain tumor and its spread into Asia.

In ancient times, awake craniotomy was used for trepanation to treat seizures and remove a variety of morbid conditions or even to permit the escape of evil air. In modern times, this technique was initially used for removal of epileptic foci with simultaneous application of brain mapping with electrical current. Further developments brought this technique into use for resection of tumors involving functional cortex. Recently, awake craniotomy has been described as an approach for removal of supratentorial tumors nonselectively, regardless of the involvement of eloquent cortex. It has been used in North America since the 1980s, then Europe, and recently has spread into Asia. Its spread to Asia could have significant impact based on the large population of patients and the low resource utilization associated with awake craniotomy.

Intercâmbio internacional EEAN/UFRJ e Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde da República de Moçambique: criando as bases de uma cooperação técnico-educacional / International Exchange between EEAN/UFRJ and ISCISA/Mozambique: creating the basis of a technical-educational cooperation

O estudo visa descrever as atividades desenvolvidas durante visita de trabalho de uma delegação do Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde da República de Moçambique (ISCISA) na Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery/UFRJ, bem como as primeiras repercussões que culminaram em proposta de convêncio entre estas instituições...

Relato de experiência de intercâmbio Brasil/Canadá: conhecendo o programa interdisciplinar de intervenção familiar / Experience report of the Brazil/Canada exchange: knowing the interdisciplinary program of family intervention

O presente artigo consiste no relato de experiência da visita de estudo realizada ao Canadá através da Bourse de Complément de Spécialisation do Faculty Enrichment Program in Brazil, concedida pela embaixada do Canadá no Brasil. Descreve as atividades realizadas durante a visita e apresenta o Programa Interdisciplinar de Intervenção...

The medical education of United States citizens who train abroad.

BACKGROUND: Graduates of international medical schools (IMGs) make up approximately one quarter of the physician workforce in the United States. Among IMGs are a number of US citizens (USIMGs) who take graduate training positions and ultimately practice in the United States. Compared with graduates of US medical schools (USMGs), relatively little is known about the undergraduate educational experiences of these US citizens. The objective of this study was to identify the schools that produce the most USIMGs and to describe the educational experiences and examination performance of graduates of these schools. METHODS: The 10 largest schools were identified based on the number of USIMGs who were certified by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates between 2001 and 2004. Information about the institutions was collected from the International Medical Education Directory; educational experience information was gathered from 100 randomly selected transcripts and from a survey that was completed by 418 graduates of the schools. These data were compared with information about USMGs from the curriculum management and information tool and the graduation questionnaire of the Association of American Medical Colleges. Performance on steps 1 and 2CK of the United States Medical Licensing Examination were also analyzed. RESULTS: Some differences existed between USIMGs and USMGs in the required clinical clerkships, the sites where educational experiences occurred, and the special topics that were covered. USMGs and non-US citizen IMGs had better examination scores than USIMGs. CONCLUSION: There are many similarities; however, there are some noteworthy differences between the educational experiences of USIMGs and USMGs. Further work is needed to better understand the educational experiences of USIMGs, particularly in the clinical clerkships.