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Sumac sorghum bran was incorporated into expanded corn-based extruded snacks and evaluated for its impact on physical properties and antioxidant capacity. To assess the effects of bran level (0%-30%), screw speed (150-300 rpm), and feed rate (9-25 kg/h) on extrudate physical and chemical qualities, a three-factor response surface methodology (RSM) was used. Expansion ratio (ER), total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and tannin content were quantified, alongside secondary responses including hardness, color, and crispiness. Increasing bran inclusion significantly reduced expansion and increased product density, while enhancing TPC and ORAC. Specific mechanical energy (SME), hardness, and phenolic release, with minimal effects on ORAC and water absorption index (WAI), were a result of changing screw speed and feed rates. Increasing bran levels resulted in increased tannin content that followed a quadratic trend. Desirability functions were used to identify 20% bran, 184 rpm screw speed, and 21.76 kg/h feed rate as optimal conditions, yielding an ER of 3.25, TPC of 4832 µg GAE/g, ORAC of 165 µmol TE/g, and moderate tannin content (1067 CE µg/g). The use of tannin-rich sorghum bran to produce antioxidant-rich extruded snacks while maintaining acceptable product quality is supported by these findings.
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Antioxidantes , Fibras de la Dieta , Manipulación de Alimentos , Bocadillos , Sorghum , Antioxidantes/análisis , Antioxidantes/química , Sorghum/química , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Taninos/análisis , Fenoles/análisis , Fibras de la Dieta/análisis , Dureza , Zea mays/química , ColorRESUMEN
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have emerged as one of the most promising viral vectors for gene therapy due to their capacity for long-term transgene expression, strong safety profile and low pathogenicity, and have been applied to the treatment of refractory cancer such as glioblastoma (GBM). However, AAV-mediated cancer gene therapy faces significant obstacles, including poor tumor targeting and neutralization by pre-existing antibodies (Abs). In this study, we developed a novel GBM-targeted AAV delivery platform, the cyclic RGD-functionalized ternary complex (cRGD-ternary complex). This complex is constructed through the self-assembly of AAV, tannic acid, and cRGD-conjugated phenylboronic acid polymers. cRGD serves as a ligand targeting αvß3/αvß5 integrins, which are highly expressed on GBM cells. In vitro, the cRGD-ternary complex effectively evaded neutralizing Abs due to its polymer shell and maintained high gene transduction efficiency. In an orthotopic GBM mouse model, systemic administration of cRGD-ternary complex significantly enhanced gene transduction in tumors and achieved substantial tumor suppression over 24 days. Furthermore, the cRGD-ternary complex showed therapeutic efficacy comparable to AAV alone at three-fold higher dose, with negligible hepatotoxicity. This platform successfully integrates active tumor targeting, immune evasion, and efficient gene transduction, overcoming critical limitations of AAV and showing significant potential for GBM gene therapy.
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Ácidos Borónicos , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Dependovirus , Terapia Genética , Vectores Genéticos , Glioblastoma , Péptidos Cíclicos , Polímeros , Taninos , Animales , Glioblastoma/terapia , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/patología , Taninos/química , Taninos/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Dependovirus/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Terapia Genética/métodos , Ácidos Borónicos/química , Ácidos Borónicos/administración & dosificación , Vectores Genéticos/administración & dosificación , Péptidos Cíclicos/química , Péptidos Cíclicos/administración & dosificación , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/administración & dosificación , Ratones Desnudos , Ratones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Femenino , Técnicas de Transferencia de Gen , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , PolifenolesRESUMEN
Colorimetric indicator systems for highly perishable foods during distribution are limited by poor water resistance of hydrophilic matrices and weak anthocyanin immobilization. In this study, composite nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and tannic acid (TA) were fabricated by electrospinning, and water resistance was imparted to them solely through heat treatment, without using chemical crosslinking agents, thereby enhancing their applicability in food-related applications. Anthocyanins (ANTs), natural pigments derived from purple sweet potato that easily degrade during heat treatment, were introduced onto the electrospun PVA/TA NFMs as pH sensors using a dip-coating method under the mediation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). CMC was used as a coating agent to induce electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding between the ANTs and CMC on the NFM surface, thereby improving the immobilization stability of ANTs. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the nanofibrous structure was preserved after dip-coating, and the synergistic effect of TA and ANTs enhanced the UV-shielding, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of the NFM. The NFMs responded sensitively to pH changes, exhibiting a noticeable color change (â³E > 5) within 1 min; they exhibited a distinct color change in response to pH variations during five repeated exposures to ammonia and acetic acid vapors. Finally, when applied to real food packaging, a distinct color change was observed after 36 h of storage as the spoilage of packaged food progressed, indicating the potential of the developed NFMs as intelligent indicators for monitoring food freshness in real time.
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Antocianinas , Carboximetilcelulosa de Sodio , Embalaje de Alimentos , Membranas Artificiales , Nanofibras , Alcohol Polivinílico , Taninos , Antocianinas/química , Embalaje de Alimentos/métodos , Carboximetilcelulosa de Sodio/química , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Nanofibras/química , Nanofibras/ultraestructura , Taninos/química , Colorimetría/métodos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
In this study, a carrier system for encapsulating lycopene was established using soybean globulin (SG) and ß-cyclodextrin as the primary carrier matrices. After pre-encapsulating lycopene with ß-cyclodextrin, the supramolecular self-assembly of soybean globulin was induced by zinc ions (Zn2+). Then, the cyclodextrin-lycopene inclusion complexes bound to the surface of SG through non-covalent interactions were incorporated within the carrier particles. By covalently modifying SG to different extents with tannic acid (TA), the strength of the carrier particles was adjusted in a controlled manner. The results demonstrated that the pre-encapsulation of lycopene with cyclodextrin improved the encapsulation efficiency of the carrier matrices. Meanwhile, the addition of TA also enhanced the stability of carrier matrices under different pH conditions, as well as the stability of lycopene under light, heat, and oxygen conditions. The combined effect of TA and Zn2+ facilitated the formation of metal-polyphenol network structures and metal-protein coordination bonds, thereby strengthening the structure of the microparticles and providing antioxidant protection to lycopene. After cyclodextrin pre-treatment, the microparticles exhibited higher content of bio-accessible lycopene and antioxidant activity after in vitro digestion compared to the untreated group. The dual-layer encapsulation strategy using cyclodextrin and TA-Zn-induced SG contributed to the broader utilization of lycopene.
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Ciclodextrinas , Licopeno , Proteínas de Soja , Taninos , Zinc , beta-Ciclodextrinas , Licopeno/química , Taninos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Proteínas de Soja/química , Zinc/química , beta-Ciclodextrinas/química , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Ciclodextrinas/química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by inflammatory responses and significant impairment of intestinal barrier function. The compromised integrity of the intestinal barrier leads to increased permeability, allowing gut microbiota to translocate across the epithelial layer and activate immune cells, thereby exacerbating inflammatory reactions. Acanthus ilicifolius L., a mangrove plant native to tropical and subtropical intertidal zones between 30°N and 30°S latitudes, has been traditionally used in Chinese folk medicine. Recognized for its therapeutic properties, this medicinal herb exhibits detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects, with various extracts demonstrating significant pharmacological activities, including inflammation suppression and tumor inhibition. AIM OF THE STUDY: In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Ilicifolius acid A (IaA), a tannin compound derived from Acanthus ilicifolius L., in alleviating ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Notably, this work focused on evaluating the bioactivity of IaA rather than its extraction or isolation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A mouse model of ulcerative colitis was successfully established through administration of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS), and the potential therapeutic effects of IaA were systematically evaluated using quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, and comprehensive omics sequencing approaches. RESULTS: The administration of IaA significantly alleviates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis symptoms, including weight loss, colon shortening, and splenomegaly. Further investigations demonstrate that IaA treatment effectively reduces inflammatory responses in colonic tissues and promotes repair of DSS-induced intestinal barrier damage. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis reveals a notable increase in the Alpha diversity index following IaA intervention. Proteomic sequencing results indicate that IaA exerts its therapeutic effects through suppression of the MAPK/Akt signaling pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS: IaA demonstrates a significant role in mitigating inflammation and promoting the repair of the intestinal barrier in murine models of ulcerative colitis, indicating its potential as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Antiinflamatorios , Colitis Ulcerosa , Taninos , Animales , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Colitis Ulcerosa/inducido químicamente , Colitis Ulcerosa/patología , Colitis Ulcerosa/inmunología , Ratones , Sulfato de Dextran , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Colon/patología , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Taninos/uso terapéutico , Taninos/farmacología , HumanosRESUMEN
The steel industry is responsible for 30 % of global industrial greenhouse gas emissions, which is mainly dependent on metallurgical coke utilization. Although biochar represents a promising carbon-neutral alternative, its suboptimal mechanical properties have hindered its direct substitution for conventional coke. This work introduces an innovative hydrothermal carbonization-repolymerization strategy to synthesize high-performance biocoke from sustainable feedstocks of oak residues and waste soybean oil. Our approach is centered on a novel and bio-based polymerization agent, synthesized by blending epoxidized soybean oil from oxidized waste oil and tannic acid extracted from oak residues in a 3:1 mass ratio. The epoxidized soybean oil-tannic acid effectively undergoes cross-linking reactions with oak biochar and oak bio-oil that both in-situ generated from the hydrothermal carbonization, resulting in a highly cross-linked biocoke. The ESO undergoes epoxy ring-opening in the cross-polymerization reaction, providing more reaction sites for cross-linked reactions. Moreover, the resulting biocoke shows a significant aromatization and graphitization structure. Therefore, the biocoke displays superior mechanical and thermochemical properties, including crushing strength (86.0 % of M40), abrasion resistance (6.6 % of M10), coke strength after reaction (64.2 %), and higher heating value (40.79 MJ/kg), meeting the performance of first-grade metallurgical coke. A cradle-to-gate LCA indicates that substituting 50 % of metallurgical coke by biocoke results in a reduction of CO2 emissions of 622.8 kg for per ton of iron production. This study not only provides a novel polymerization strategy for producing metallurgical-grade biocoke but also highlights its potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of the steel industry.
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Residuos Industriales , Metalurgia , Aceite de Soja , Taninos , Taninos/química , Aceite de Soja/química , Biomasa , Acero , Carbón Orgánico/química , Residuos Industriales/análisis , Carbono , PolimerizacionRESUMEN
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) treatment failure primarily stems from incomplete biofilm removal and antibiotic resistance. Addressing these challenges, antibiotic-independent antimicrobials become preferred weapons. Meanwhile, iron metabolism provides an area of interest, due to its essentiality in biofilm formation. Tannic acid (TA), a plant-derived polyphenol, whose siderophore-like antibacterial mechanism is first revealed in this study, leading to ferroptosis-like death in planktonic, biofilm and intracellular bacteria via inducing iron overload. Herein, a novel "Restauro" strategy inspired by cultural relic restoration is proposed to construct CMCS-OXG@TA-Fe (COTF) hydrogels antibiofilm coating. Utilizing the rapid gelation of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized xyloglucan (OXG), COTF hydrogels load with TA-Fe complexes, whose photothermal effect can significantly enhance the ferroptosis-like death characteristics and effectively decompose the biofilm structure. Furthermore, COTF can reduce M2 macrophages in iron-deficient microenvironments, remodeling immunosuppression. Eventually, a surgical standard operating procedure (SOP) is developed, which simply requires sequentially brushing or spraying the prosthesis with the fore-mentioned four chemical solutions, in order to achieve antibiofilm efficacy and implant preservation. Eventually, validations in acute and chronic PJI models confirm the preventive and therapeutic effects of "Restauro" strategy, hence building a new bridge from bench to bedside for future PJI treatments.
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Antibacterianos , Biopelículas , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos , Ferroptosis , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis , Sideróforos , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/microbiología , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/prevención & control , Quitosano/análogos & derivados , Quitosano/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/farmacología , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/química , Sideróforos/farmacología , Sideróforos/química , Hidrogeles/química , Taninos/química , Taninos/farmacología , Hierro/química , HumanosRESUMEN
Excessive tannic acid (TA) is harmful to human health and the environment, underscoring the need for efficient monitoring platforms. This work developed a sulfur quantum dots (SQDs)/MnO2 nanocomposite as a high-activity nanozyme for TA detection. The SQDs/MnO2 hybrid exhibits enhanced specific surface area and nanozyme activity, showing a low Michaelis-Menten constant (0.117 mM) toward 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and high catalytic affinity. The research findings indicate that SQDs/MnO2 catalyzes the generation of hydroxyl radicals (â¢OH) from oxygen. The resulting â¢OH further oxidizes colorless TMB into blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB). However, in the presence of TA, the generated â¢OH radicals are captured, thereby reducing the concentration of â¢OH available for catalyzing TMB. This result prevents the solution from turning blue. Based on this mechanism, a dual-mode analytical platform was established using colorimetric and smartphone-assisted methods, enabling accurate TA detection in complex food and environmental samples. A reliable sensing platform is established through this strategy, enabling food safety surveillance and environmental monitoring.
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Colorimetría , Compuestos de Manganeso , Óxidos , Puntos Cuánticos , Teléfono Inteligente , Azufre , Taninos , Puntos Cuánticos/química , Colorimetría/métodos , Compuestos de Manganeso/química , Taninos/análisis , Óxidos/química , Azufre/química , Catálisis , Límite de Detección , Bencidinas/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
This work reported the first development of a BO-CDs-based ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe (RFP) for visual detection of tannic acid (TA). Constructed via electrostatic self-assembly of blue-emitting B-CDs and orange-emitting O-CDs, the BO-CDs showed dual emission at 449 nm and 595 nm under 400 nm excitation. Adding TA quenched 595 nm emission while 449 nm signal remained stable. The RFP demonstrated two linear detection ranges of 0.01-5.0 µM and 5.0-25.0 µM, with ultralow LODs of 7.65 nM and 1.12 nM, respectively. Notably, TA triggered distinct fluorescence color transitions from tangerine to rose pink and finally to blue-purple, facilitating the development of smartphone-assisted and paper-based visual sensing platforms with LODs of 1.11 and 1.07 µM, respectively. The sensing platforms were successfully applied to on-site TA detection in wine and beverages with satisfactory results, highlighting the great potential of smartphone-integrated CDs-based RFP as a portable tool for on-site TA analysis.
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Bebidas , Compuestos de Cadmio , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Taninos , Vino , Taninos/análisis , Vino/análisis , Bebidas/análisis , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia/métodos , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia/instrumentación , Fluorescencia , Teléfono Inteligente , Compuestos de Cadmio/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
Tannins are widespread specialized plant metabolites that contribute significantly to the polyphenol content of plant-based diets. Their effects on human and animal health vary depending on their structure, with potential benefits including antioxidative, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and anticarcinogenic properties. Understanding tannin composition and quantity in plant products is essential, as their bioactivities are influenced by their functional groups. Mass spectrometry-based techniques excel in tannin analysis, offering both qualitative and quantitative insights. Combining ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization and high-resolution and triple quadrupole mass analyzers is optimal for comprehensive tannin profiling. Such an approach enables precise analysis and helps predict tannin bioactivities. This review highlights the mass spectrometric analysis of proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins, addressing ionization techniques, interpretation of multiply charged ions, characteristic fragmentations, and reaction monitoring. Applications related to tannin bioactivities are also briefly discussed, demonstrating the utility of mass spectrometry in tannin analysis in complex sample matrices.
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Espectrometría de Masas , Taninos , Taninos/análisis , Taninos/química , Proantocianidinas/análisis , Proantocianidinas/química , Humanos , Animales , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray/métodos , Antioxidantes/análisis , Taninos Hidrolizables/análisis , Taninos Hidrolizables/químicaRESUMEN
Copper (Cu)-dependent aggregation of lipoylated proteins in mitochondria triggers cuproptosis, a newly discovered modality of regulated cell death marked by impaired mitochondrial respiration. During the progression of hepatic fibrosis (HF), hepatocytes, responsible for Cu storage and metabolism, exhibit vigorous mitochondrial activity and are supposed to be cuproptosis-susceptible. However, the cellular landscape of cuproptosis in fibrotic livers remains unclear, and the therapeutic potential of cuproptosis suppression in resolving HF has yet to be explored. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing data from mouse models and clinical samples from HF patients show that hepatocytes are the dominant cell population attacked by cuproptosis. These cuproptotic hepatocytes release pro-fibrotic signals that activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), inducing the formation of fibrotic scar. Tannic acid (TA), a polyphenolic-molecule cuproptosis inhibitor, can combat the changes in cuproptotic hepatocytes stimulated by elesclomol plus Cu supplement in vitro, including intracellular Cu (I) concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression pattern of cuproptosis regulators. In addition, the production of pro-fibrotic signals is inhibited by TA, and subsequently the activation of HSCs. Finally, TA is demonstrated to prevent the progression of HF in mouse models, as evidenced by the improvement of liver architecture and function. Proteomic analysis reveals that the disturbed lipid metabolism and cuproptosis regulator expression in fibrotic livers are both rescued by TA. Collectively, these findings highlight hepatocyte cuproptosis as a key driver of the fibrotic process, and its suppression holds great therapeutic promise for treating HF.
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Cobre , Hepatocitos , Cirrosis Hepática , Taninos , Animales , Hepatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , Hepatocitos/patología , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/tratamiento farmacológico , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Ratones , Cobre/metabolismo , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Masculino , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Taninos/farmacología , Taninos/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Hígado/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: As environmental awareness grows, interest in sustainable agriculture is increasing. A promising alternative is the use of plant-beneficial microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., which suppress pathogens, promote growth and enhance productivity. In viticulture, Trichoderma species have been studied mainly for pathogen control, but their impact on wine composition and quality remains underexplored. The present study evaluates the effects of Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 and its metabolite, 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PP) on Vitis vinifera cv. Aglianico over 2 years. Biometric parameters (grape yield per vine, 100-berry weight), basic chemical parameters (soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity) and polyphenols (anthocyanins, high-molecular-weight tannins, vanillin-reactive flavans) were analyzed in grapes. The resulting wines were assessed for phenolic composition and sensory attributes. RESULTS: Treatments increased anthocyanin content in both grapes and wine, at the same time as reducing low-molecular-weight tannins in grape skins, potentially decreasing bitterness. Despite an increase in high-molecular-weight tannins, no significant differences in astringency perception were detected. The wines from treated vines showed enhanced odor complexity, with stronger floral, tobacco and black pepper notes, likely a result of the increased terpenic volatile compounds. The effect of T. Afroharzianum T22 spores was more pronounced than that of 6PP. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the potential of Trichoderma-based treatments as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals in viticulture. Beyond disease control, Trichoderma spp. and their metabolites may positively influence grape composition and wine quality, contributing to a more sustainable viticultural model. Further research is needed to better understand their effects on grapevine physiology and metabolism. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Fenoles , Trichoderma , Vitis , Vino , Vitis/microbiología , Vitis/química , Vitis/metabolismo , Vino/análisis , Vino/microbiología , Trichoderma/fisiología , Gusto , Fenoles/química , Fenoles/metabolismo , Fenoles/análisis , Humanos , Frutas/microbiología , Frutas/química , Frutas/metabolismo , Odorantes/análisis , Antocianinas/análisis , Antocianinas/metabolismo , Polifenoles/análisis , Taninos/análisisRESUMEN
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer unique structural advantages, and their derivatives also exhibit promising functionalities. However, developing MOFs-derived porous materials enriched with oxygen vacancies (OVs) to markedly boost photocatalytic performance remains a significant challenge. Herein, a broccoli-like CeO2@C composite was synthesized from a CeMOFs precursor, with abundant OVs deliberately introduced using tannic acid. The synergistic effects of the unique architecture and engineered vacancies enhanced charge separation, electron transfer, and mass diffusion, enabling visible-light-driven photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. As a result, the optimized OVs-CeO2@C achieved 85.3 % tetracycline (TC) degradation, with a kinetic rate constant 2.4 times higher than pristine CeO2@C. Systematic evaluations confirmed excellent stability under diverse operating conditions, while toxicity prediction verified the reduced environmental risk of degradation intermediates. Moreover, economic analysis highlighted the cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency of the catalyst synthesis and PMS-assisted photocatalysis. This study provides a sustainable strategy for the controlled synthesis of OVs-rich MOFs-derived materials and their application in efficient photocatalytic environmental remediation.
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Cerio , Peróxidos , Taninos , Tetraciclina , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Tetraciclina/química , Catálisis , Taninos/química , Cerio/química , Peróxidos/química , Oxígeno/química , Carbono/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Fotólisis , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Antibacterianos/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
To alleviate the global water crisis, membrane technology is widely employed in cooling water reuse processes. However, excessive microbial growth induced by industrial waste heat leads to severe membrane biofouling. This study constructed a customized armor coating composed of tannic acid (TA), copper (Cu), and polyethylenimine (PEI) on a commercial membrane surface via a minimalist approach. The coating achieved superior eradication efficiency (>95 %) against planktonic bacteria through Cu²âº-catalyzed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The average adhesion force between the membrane and bacterial coaggregates decreased significantly from 11.5 nN to 7.58 nN following modification. Furthermore, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) components exhibited significantly reduced adhesion propensity on the membrane surface. This is attributed to the robust hydration layer provided by the metal-polyphenol network (MPN), which substantially elevated the membrane's surface energy barrier and adhesion resistance. Long-term synthetic wastewater testing demonstrates that a robust dual-action anti-fouling mechanism ensures highly efficient biofilm suppression capability, effectively extending the lifespan of nanofiltration membranes. This work expands the application of MPN-based materials in the membrane field, providing a minimalist yet highly efficient and innovative paradigm for developing antibacterial membrane surfaces.
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Antibacterianos , Membranas Artificiales , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Purificación del Agua , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Taninos/química , Incrustaciones Biológicas/prevención & control , Cobre/química , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Adhesión Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Termodinámica , Polietileneimina/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Soy protein isolate is often used to make adhesives. Inspired by the adhesion mechanism of mussel proteins, this study developed a plant-based adhesive composed of soy protein isolate (SPI), low-ester pectin, tannic acid (TA), and transglutaminase (TGase) for bonding simulated fat and muscle in plant-based meat analogues. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that TA enhanced the viscosity, thermal stability, and fluidity of the adhesive by forming a cohesive network. Structural analyses revealed that covalent interactions between SPI and TA peaked at 2.5 wt%. The apparent viscosity results demonstrated that the TA concentration had a significant effect on the viscosity of the adhesive, lower concentrations (0-1.0 wt%) reduced the viscosity of the adhesive, whereas higher concentrations (1.5-3.0 wt%) increased it. Tensile adhesion tests showed that the mechanical properties of the adhesive reached their optimum value when the TA content was 2.0 wt%. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that TA improved the stability of the adhesive and reduced heat loss; however, excessive TA (3.0 wt%) led to aggregate formation, weakening the binding force between TA and protein molecules, and decreasing the thermal stability of the adhesive. CONCLUSION: Tannic acid content is a key factor affecting the viscosity, thermal stability, and fluidity of SPI/TGase/pect in/TA (SPTTA) adhesives. This study provides a new formulation and methodology for the development of plant-based adhesives for meat products. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Adhesivos , Pectinas , Proteínas de Soja , Taninos , Transglutaminasas , Taninos/química , Proteínas de Soja/química , Transglutaminasas/química , Adhesivos/química , Viscosidad , Pectinas/química , Adhesividad , Resistencia a la Tracción , Termodinámica , PolifenolesRESUMEN
Tannins (TN) are polyphenolic compounds primarily known to be involved in the defense mechanism of vascular plants against herbivory. Their excessive consumption can cause damage to an animal's digestive tract; yet, with moderate consumption, tannins have several beneficial health effects that have been well studied. However, little attention has been paid to the specific benefits of tannins for female health in different species. In this study, we investigated the role of TN content in the diet of female howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana) at different reproductive stages. From September 2021 to August 2023, we monitored a group of free-ranging mantled howler monkeys on Agaltepec island, Catemaco, Mexico. We recorded the feeding behavior of 20 adult females during different reproductive stages (cycling, gestating, and lactating stage). In 670 contact hours, a total of 1474 feeding sessions were recorded along with the collection of 31 different plant parts from 13 different vegetative species for subsequent tannin evaluation. Results showed that tannin intake significantly increased during lactation in comparison to the cycling stage. However, the increase in tannin intake was primarily due to high flower consumption. Fruit consumption did not affect dietary tannin levels. There were no significant changes in overall food consumption between reproductive stages. Our findings indicate that increased tannin consumption may play an important role for female howler monkeys during reproduction. However, the nature of the role is yet to be identified.
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Alouatta , Dieta , Conducta Alimentaria , Reproducción , Taninos , Animales , Femenino , Alouatta/fisiología , Taninos/metabolismo , Taninos/administración & dosificación , Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Reproducción/fisiología , México , Lactancia/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The identification and quantification of antioxidant species are of paramount importance, as these compounds play vital roles in regulating redox balance, cellular signaling, immune responses, and their abnormal levels serve as crucial markers in the onset the progression of various diseases. Traditional single-analyte detection methods often suffer from limited specificity and are incapable of capturing the complexity of biological systems involving multiple coexisting antioxidants. In contrast, colorimetric sensor arrays offer a powerful alternative by generating unique, fingerprint-like response patterns that enable the simultaneous detection and differentiation of structurally or functionally similar analytes. In this study, we developed a triple-channel colorimetric sensor array utilizing a bimetallic PtPd nanozyme with peroxidase-mimicking activity and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the chromogenic substrate. By strategically incorporating three distinct pH conditions as independent sensing channels, the system generated differential colorimetric responses that enabled both the qualitative discrimination and quantitative analysis of five representative antioxidants: ascorbic acid (AA), citric acid (CA), cysteine (CYS), tannic acid (TA), and uric acid (UA). The sensor array demonstrated excellent selectivity, sensitivity, and reproducibility in complex sample environments. Its performance was rigorously validated through successful identification of target antioxidants in human serum samples, as well as in binary, ternary, and multicomponent mixtures. These findings highlight the strong discriminative capability and real-sample applicability of the proposed PtPd nanozyme-based colorimetric sensor arrays, underscoring its great promise as a versatile platform for biomedical diagnostics, disease biomarker screening, and antioxidant-related health monitoring.
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Antioxidantes , Colorimetría , Paladio , Platino (Metal) , Colorimetría/métodos , Colorimetría/instrumentación , Antioxidantes/análisis , Humanos , Platino (Metal)/química , Paladio/química , Bencidinas/química , Ácido Úrico/sangre , Ácido Úrico/análisis , Límite de Detección , Ácido Ascórbico/sangre , Ácido Ascórbico/análisis , Ácido Cítrico/sangre , Ácido Cítrico/análisis , Taninos/sangre , Taninos/análisis , Cisteína/sangre , Cisteína/análisis , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Diabetic wounds are characterized by persistent oxidative stress, dysregulated inflammation, hypoxia due to impaired microcirculation, and heightened susceptibility to infection, posing significant challenges for effective treatment. In this work, a multifunctional hydrogel delivery system based on tannic acid-Cu2+ (TA/Cu) chelated CeO2 nanocomposites was developed for synergistic diabetic wound repair. The system utilizes a succinyl chitosan-PVA hydrogel matrix incorporating glucose oxidase (GOx), which specifically catalyzes excess glucose at the wound site to generate H2O2. The CeO2 nanoparticles then decompose H2O2 into O2 through their catalase-like activity, effectively alleviating tissue hypoxia. Additionally, CeO2 scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), significantly reducing oxidative stress while promote the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 phenotype to regulate wound inflammation. The TA/Cu complex exhibits pH-responsive release of Cu2+ in the acidic infection microenvironment, enabling targeted antibacterial action. In vitro studies demonstrated the excellent ROS-scavenging capacity of the system, O2 generating performance, and pH-dependent Cu2+ release properties. In a diabetic mouse model with full-thickness skin defects, the hydrogel significantly accelerated wound re-epithelialization, promoted angiogenesis, reduced bacterial infection, and improved tissue oxygenation. This integrated therapeutic strategy combining "oxidative stress/inflammation regulation and pH-responsive antibacterial activity" offers a novel approach for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds.
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Quitosano , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Glucosa Oxidasa , Hidrogeles , Macrófagos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/farmacología , Glucosa Oxidasa/química , Glucosa Oxidasa/metabolismo , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Ratones , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Cobre/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Cerio/química , Taninos/química , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Homeostasis/efectos de los fármacos , Nanocompuestos/química , Masculino , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7RESUMEN
Polysaccharide-based films offer considerable potential for food shelf life, but are still limited by their antibacterial activity and poor physical properties. However, current improvement approaches often struggle to achieve a balance among multiple physical properties of films and the controlled release of antibacterial agents, and may also introduce potential biotoxicity. Herein, we developed a biocompatible controlled-release system by incorporating copper-tannic acid nanoparticles (Cu@TA NPs) into starch films. The Cu@TA NPs exhibited excellent compatibility and could be uniformly dispersed in the starch matrix. Compared with the pure starch films, composite films obviously improved mechanical strength (9.40 MPa), hydrophobicity, and water vapor barrier performance (2.22 × 10-12 g·cm·cm-2·s-1·Pa-1). Meanwhile, they exhibit excellent UV resistance and antioxidant properties, with DPPH radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity values that are 10.12- and 9.02-fold higher than those of pure starch films, respectively. More importantly, the pH-responsive release mechanism enables starch films to sense changes in the microenvironment, thereby achieving targeted antibacterial effects and markedly prolonging the shelf life of strawberries. Moreover, composite films exhibit high biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. Overall, this study provides a promising approach for developing smart, efficient, and low-toxicity packaging materials with controlled-release and antibacterial functions, offering significant potential for food preservation applications.
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Antibacterianos , Cobre , Fragaria , Nanopartículas del Metal , Almidón , Taninos , Almidón/química , Almidón/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Taninos/química , Taninos/farmacología , Cobre/química , Cobre/farmacología , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Fragaria/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/química , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Embalaje de Alimentos , PolifenolesRESUMEN
Exosomes represent a promising therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine; however, challenges such as unscalable production and poor tolerance to pathological host microenvironments impede their clinical translation. To address these limitations, this study developed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosome mimetics (EMs), produced through an optimized extrusion methodology, which enhanced production yield while preserving the core morphology and structure of natural exosomes with augmented functionality in key biological processes. Furthermore, these EMs are coated with a tannic acid (TA)/Fe3+ coordination network that acts as a protective barrier with antioxidative and antibacterial properties. This coating enables EMs to promote stem cell proliferation, migration, osteogenesis, and immunomodulation under inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions. In vivo, the local injection of EM@[TA-Fe3+] effectively suppressed periodontal inflammation and promoted alveolar bone regeneration. These findings advance our understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of EMs and present an efficient strategy for their delivery in bone regeneration especially under inflammatory and/or infectious conditions.