Imaging features of sublingual dermoid cysts: a report of four cases.

Dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth are rare lesions presumed to be caused by entrapment of germinal epithelium during the closure of the mandibular and hyoid branchial arches. They usually manifest as nonpainful swelling. Developmental cysts are histopathologically classified into 3 types: epidermoid, dermoid, and teratoid. An ultrasound scan is commonly used as the first choice to investigate a lesion. Other imaging methods, such as the US, CT, and MRI, are used for differential diagnosis. This article's aim is to present the imaging findings of 4 cases of sublingual dermoid cysts and to review the literature.

Imaging a dermatosis with dental radiographs: A case report of facial osteoma cutis.

Osteoma cutis is a condition that generally presents with true bony deposits in the skin. Although the pathogenesis of osteoma cutis is not clear, it supposes that certain preexisting conditions like acne vulgaris may contribute to generating these ossifications. These osteomas are usually asymptomatic and do not require any treatment unless they cause cosmetic issues. Rarely, this dermatologic condition may be observed in dental practices and it may be difficult to understand and diagnose the clinical and radiographic findings of this disease. In the current case, the diagnosis of osteoma cutis and the special sub-type multiple miliary osteoma of the face was made after considering the patient's history and the clinical and radiographic examinations. In order to contribute to the understanding of the diagnosis, the etiology, imaging modalities, and treatment of this rare disease, we present a case report of a 60-year-old woman with incidentally recognized multiple radiopaque microspheres that presented on intraoral radiographs, a panoramic radiograph, and CT scan. General practitioners should have some knowledge regarding the clinical and radiographic findings of this disease. They may be the first person to identify the condition and may play an important role in explaining the findings or cosmetic problems of their patients. This knowledge is also required for the necessary consultations and treatment of the patient.

Palate Lymphoma: CT Findings.

OBJECTIVE: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in the palate are very rare. We aimed to investigate the CT appearance of lymphoma in the palate to improve diagnostic quality and review the literature on NHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study retrospectively included patients with histopathologically confirmed lymphoma who were treated at our hospital between 2008 and 2015. We examined CT features, including tumor location, appearance, margins, and involvement of the surrounding tissues. RESULTS: Records were available for eight cases of lymphoma over the study period. Of these, two were in the soft palate and six in the hard palate. Median age at presentation was 63 years. Seven of the eight were diffuse large B cell lymphoma and one was T cell lymphoma. Hard palate lymphoma on CT showed bone destruction and spread to the maxillary arch and maxillary sinuses, whereas soft palate lymphoma spread to the surrounding parapharyngeal area and did not show bone destruction. CONCLUSION: We describe CT findings of palate lymphoma, which are important for treatment planning.

Arteriovenous malformations in the differential diagnosis of palatal swellings.

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is composed of abnormal communications between arteries and veins without the normal intervening capillary bed. AVM of the head and neck is a rare vascular anomaly. We present here an unusual case of AVM with the size of 4x3 cm at the left posterior palatal area. Incisionel biopsy revealed AVM. Resection of the lesion following angiography was suggested to the patient however, he refused the treatment. The patient was considered to be under control. AVM should always be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of palatal swellings.

CT Imaging of Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia.

Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fibroosseous bone dysplasia that can involve single (monostotic) or multiple (polyostotic) bones. Monostotic form is more frequent in the jaws. It is termed as craniofacial fibrous dysplasia, when it involves, though rarely, adjacent craniofacial bones. A 16-year-old girl consulted for a painless swelling in the right posterior mandible for two years. Panoramic radiography revealed ground-glass ill-defined lesions in the three different regions of the maxilla and mandible. Axial CT scan (bone window) showed multiple lesions involving skull base and facial bones. Despite lesions in the skull base, the patient had no abnormal neurological findings. The lesion was diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia based on radiological and histopathological examination. In this paper, CT findings and differential diagnosis of CFD are discussed. CT is a useful imaging technique for CFD cases.

An unusual case of ameloblastoma observed in the left anterior mandible.

AIM: To report a small intaalveolar ameloblastoma which resembled cystic lesion, and to emphasize the value of Computed tomography (CT) in radiographic examination. BACKGROUND: Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing, locally invasive odontogenic neoplasm that accounts for approximately 10% of all tumors detected in the jaws. Radiographically, those tumors are usually well-defined. Computerized tomography is highly recommended to confirm the diagnosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 48-year-old female attended with a chief complaint of painless swelling in the left anterior of mandible, 1 month duration. In intraoral examination, non-fluctuant, immobile, approximately 1 × 1 cm in dimension, painless, swelling which had a bone-like hardness and located in the mandibular canine region was detected. Panoramic radiography revealed a well circumscribed unilocular radiolucent lesion located in the inter-radicular area of left mandibular lateral and canine teeth. In CT examination it was realized that the lesion was multilocular. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen was reported as ameloblastoma. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It is extremely difficult to find such an ameloblastoma in small dimension in alvolar bone.

Clinical and radiological aspects of rhinoliths: report of five cases.

Rhinoliths are calcified masses in the nasal cavity caused by the deposition of nasal, lacrimal, and inflammatory mineral salts by accretion around an endogenous or exogenous nidus. Rhinoliths can be seen as incidental findings on panoramic radiography, although they typically appear blurred due to remaining outside the focus. Therefore, rhinoliths may be difficult to recognize; this difficulty can lead to misdiagnosis. Computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT (CBCT) scans are generally necessary to define the precise location and to make a differential diagnosis. This article describes radiologic features of five cases of rhinoliths that were detected incidentally on panoramic radiographs. CT or CBCT images were obtained before removing the rhinoliths.

Graft necrosis occurred after iliac crest reconstruction after mandibular segmental resection of ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma is an uncommon benign odontogenic neoplasm of the maxillofacial region constituting less than 1% of tumors of the oral cavity. Ameloblastomas have been categorized broadly into 3 biologic variants: cystic (unicystic), solid, and peripheral. Unicystic ameloblastoma is a rare and less aggressive variant of ameloblastoma. The aim of this report is to describe a case of cystic ameloblastoma treated with segmental resection and iliac graft reconstruction. The possible reasons of graft failure seen in our patient at the early stage of the healing were also discussed.

Intramuscular hemangioma presenting with multiple phleboliths: a case report.

A rare case of intramuscular hemangioma of the masseter muscle with multiple phleboliths is described, highlighting features evident in plain radiography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 21-year-old woman presented with a complaint of swelling of the right masseter muscle. A plain radiograph from the soft tissue of the right cheek showed a large number of round, target-like radiopacities that varied in size. Ultrasound revealed a lobulated cystic lesion in the right masseter muscle with increased echogenicity. MRI showed a space-occupying lesion in the right masseter muscle, which was isointense on T1-weighted image close to the muscle tissue and hyperintense on T2-weighted image, containing fields with no signal septations. A plain soft tissue radiograph can demonstrate phleboliths and aid in the diagnosis of an intramuscular hemangioma. In addition, nonionized techniques such as ultrasound and MRI can provide useful information to clinicians regarding the location of calcifications and the structure of masses.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor: case report with CT and ultrasonography findings.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a benign odontogenic tumor with a potentially aggressive and infiltrative behavior. KCOT is most commonly occurred in mandible and demonstrate a unilocular, round, oval, scalloped radiolucent area, while large lesions may appear multilocular. An important characteristic of KCOT is its propensity to grow in an antero-posterior direction within medullary cavity of bone causing minimal expansion. Definitive diagnosis relies on histological examination. In this report, a KCOT that had an expansion both buccal and lingual cortical bone is described including its features in computed tomography and ultrasonographic exams. The lesion was removed surgically via an intraoral approach under local anesthesia and histologically reported as a KCOT.

Postpubertal nonfamilial cherubism and teeth transposition.

Cherubism is a rare, nonneoplastic, fibro-osseous disease. It is an autosomal-dominant disorder in which the normal bone is replaced by cellular fibrous tissue and immature bone. It is genetically inherited, although many nonfamilial cases have been reported. Cherubism is a bone disease clinically characterized by bilateral, painless enlargements of the jaws. The mandible is the most severely affected craniofacial component, in which uncontrolled growth of the malady deteriorates the aesthetic balance of the face. A malocclusive and abnormal dentition, worse in the mandible, can be seen. Histopathologically, numerous randomly distributed multinucleated giant cells and vascular spaces within a fibrous connective tissue stroma with or without eosinophilic collagen perivascular cuffing were apparent. The appearance of the affected children is normal at birth. Between the ages of 2 and 7 years, swellings within the mandibular body or tuberosities of maxilla appear. This article relates to a postpubertal nonfamilial cherubism case that was noticed with multiple radiolucencies in radiographic examination and its effects on teeth.

Nasolabial cyst: case report with CT and MRI findings.

Nasolabial cysts are uncommon primarily unilateral soft tissue lesions located adjacent to the alveolar process above the apices of the maxillary incisors. Clinical features of the nasolabial cysts are smooth fluctuant soft tissue swelling between the upper lip and nasal aperture with obliteration of the nasolabial fold and elevation of the nasal ala. A nasolabial cyst is described including its features on CT and MRI exams.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta, hypoplastic type associated with some dental abnormalities: a case report

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary disorder expressing a group of conditions that cause developmental alterations in the structure of enamel. AI is a serious problem that reduces oral health-related quality of life and causes some physiological problems. The treatment of patients with AI may upgrade the quality of life and reinforce their self-esteem. Among the treatment options for AI, full-mouth metal reinforced porcelain restoration constitutes an important alternative because of its properties. This paper presents a case of AI of the hypoplastic rough type associated with a group of dental anomalies, and describes the prosthetic management of the patient. A 26-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of discolored teeth. Clinical and radiographic examination of the patient confirmed the diagnosis of rough pattern hypoplastic AI. The patient was treated with full-mouth metal reinforced porcelain fixed bridge. The adaptation of the temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles was carefully observed periodically during 4 months and, after this period, the patient tolerated well her new vertical dimension. The patient received instructions on cleansing of the subpontic and interproximal areas. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 3 months and then at 6 months. No esthetic or functional problems were seen after the follow up period.

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) é uma desordem hereditária que expressa um grupo de condições que causam alterações de desenvolvimento na estrutura do esmalte. A AI é um problema grave que compromete a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e causa alguns problemas psicológicos. O tratamento de pacientes com AI pode melhorar sua qualidade de vida e reforçar sua auto-estima. Dentre as opções de tratamento para AI, a restauração de toda a boca com porcelana reforçada com metal representa uma alternativa importante devido a suas propriedades. Este artigo apresenta um caso de AI do tipo hipoplásica rugosa associada a um grupo de anomalias dentais, e descreve o tratamento protético da paciente. Uma paciente de 26 anos apresentou-se com queixa principal de dentes manchados. O exame clínico e radiográfico da paciente confirmou o diagnóstico de AI hipoplásica rugosa. A paciente foi tratada com a construção de próteses fixas de porcelana reforçada com metal em toda a boca. A adaptação das articulações temporomandibulares e dos músculos mastigatórios foi cuidadosamente observada periodicamente durante 4 meses e, após este período, a paciente mostrou tolerar bem sua nova dimensão vertical. A paciente recebeu instruções sobre limpeza das áreas sob o pôntico e áreas interproximais. As visitas de acompanhamento foram agendadas a cada 3 meses e subseqüentemente a cada 6 meses. Não foram observados problemas estéticos ou funcionais após o período de acompanhamento.

Denture-related hyperplasia: a clinical study of a turkish population group

Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum) (IFH) and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) are oral mucosal diseases caused by ill-fitting denture wearing. A study was carried out on a group of Turkish people consisted of 131 female and 39 male complete denture wearers (n= 170) distributed in two age groups (30-60 and 60-80 years old). The analysis of data collected from patients showed that while the incidence of IFH was higher in women than in men, the incidence of IPH was similar. Most lesions were found in the 30-60 year-old group. The incidence of lesions increased as the denture wearing period increased. Soft tissue growth was the main complaint of the patients with IFH and IPH. In the maxilla, the incidence of IFH was higher than IPH. There was also a significant difference between the distribution of the lesion types in the jaws. There were a larger number of lesions in the maxilla compared to the mandible and most IFH lesions were located in the anterior region of the jaws.

A hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (epulis fissuratum) (HFI) e a hiperplasia papilar inflamatória (HPI) são doenças da mucosa causadas por próteses mal-ajustadas. Foi feito um estudo num grupo de pessoas, na Turquia, composto por 131 mulheres e 39 homens (n=170) usuários de próteses totais. O grupo foi subdividido em duas faixas etárias (30 a 60 e 60 a 80 anos). A análise dos dados coletados dos pacientes mostrou que a incidência de HFI foi mais alta entre as mulheres, ao passo que a incidência de HPI foi similar em ambos os sexos. A maioria das lesões foi encontrada no grupo indivíduos de 30 a 60 anos. A incidência das lesões aumentou com o tempo de uso da prótese. A queixa principal dos pacientes com HFI e HPI foi o aparecimento de tecidos moles. A incidência de HFI foi maior do que HPI, na maxila. Houve também diferença significativa de distribuição dos tipos de lesão nos maxilares. Houve maior número de lesões na maxila, em comparação com a mandíbula e a maioria das lesões HFI estava localizada na parte anterior dos maxilares.

Regional odontodysplasia of the deciduous and permanent teeth associated with eruption disorders: A case report.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is an unusual, non-hereditary anomaly of the dental hard tissues with characteristic clinical, radiographic and histological findings. Clinically, RO affects the primary and permanent dentition in the maxilla and mandible or both jaws. Radiographically, there is a lack of contrast between the enamel dentin, both of which are less radiopaque than unaffected counterparts. Additionally, enamel and dentin layers are thin, giving the teeth a "ghost-like" appearance. Histologically, areas of hypocalcified enamel are visible and enamel prisms appear irregular in direction. Coronal dentin is fibrous, consisting of clefts and a reduced number of dentinal tubules; radicular dentin is generally more normal in structure and calcification. The RO etiology is uncertain; numerous factors have been suggested and considered as local trauma, irradiation, hypophosphatasia, hypocalcemia, hyperpyrexia. The treatment of RO has given rise to controversy. These cases require a continuous and multidisciplinary approach. Most clinicians advocate extracting the affected teeth as soon as possible and inserting a prosthetic replacement. Other clinicians prefer restorative procedures, if possible, to protect the affected erupted teeth. A case of RO in an 8 year-old male whose chief complaint was the absence of eruption of permanent teeth is presented. Clinical, radiographic and histological findings are described.

Survey of talon cusps in the permanent dentition of a Turkish population.

AIM: Talon cusp is the name given to the accessory tubercles located on the lingual faces of anterior teeth. The occurrence of talon cusps has been reported among Europeans and Asians. However, there are few reports of this anomaly in Caucasians as well as a paucity of literature on its characteristics. Today there are seven million Turkish citizens of Caucasian origin that have settled in the Marmara, Central-Anatolia, East-Anatolia, and Black Sea regions of Turkey. The aim of this study is to present 27 Caucasian cases with 33 taloned teeth. This study is the first that was undertaken to investigate the characteristics of talon cusps in a group of Turkish people. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A survey of 27 patients examined in the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology at Ondokuz Mayis University in Samsun, Turkey between January, 2003 and June, 2006 was conducted. Their ages ranged from seven to 33 years. A total of 33 talon cusps were diagnosed in the 27 patients. The patients' records and radiographs were evaluated and the following variables were studied: age, sex distribution, affected tooth, type of talon cusp, radiographic evidence of pulp extension, and associated dental anomalies and complications. RESULTS: There were 13 male and 14 female patients with a gender ratio of approximately 1:1. Ten of 33 talon cusps (30%) were seen in maxillary right central incisors while four cases (12%) were in maxillary left central incisors and nine cases (27%) were in maxillary right lateral incisors. Eight cases (24%) were seen in maxillary left lateral incisors, one case (3%) was in a mandibular right central incisor, and one case (3%) was in a mandibular left canine. Fifteen (15) of the 33 talon cusps were Type 1 talons (45%), while eight cases (24%) were Type 2 talons and ten cases (30%) were Type 3 talons. Twelve of the 33 talon cusps (36%) showed radiographic evidence of pulpal extension into the tubercule on periapical radiographs. One patient had gemination (3%) on the maxillary permanent incisors and two patients had mesiodens (6%) in the maxillary anterior region. CONCLUSION: The talon cusp remains as one of the more uncommon dental anomalies worldwide and in Turkey and presents with different clinical features. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The talon cusp may be more likely to be associated with other odontogenic anomalies and some systemic conditions; early recognition of this anomaly is essential to provide proper treatment.

Intraoral findings of Papillon-LeFevre syndrome.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal, recessive condition characterized by hyperkeratosis of palms and soles of the feet and elbows and by rapid formation of periodontitis and hypermobility, migration and exfoliation of the teeth of primary and permanent dentition. The purpose of this report was to describe the case of an 8-year-old boy who presented to the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology of Faculty of Dentistry of Ondokuz Mayis University with a chief complaint of mobility and rapid loss of teeth. Hyperkeratosis of palms and soles were realized. His gingivae were hyperemic and edematous, and the teeth were mobile. Histopathological examination of the specimen taken from the thickened skin was reported to be consistent with PLS. All teeth with poor prognosis were extracted and extensive periodontal therapy was administered, and a special denture was constructed.

Mandibular involvement of solitary plasmocytoma: a case report.

Plasma cell neoplasms (multiple myeloma, solitary plasmocytoma of bone and extra medullar plasmocytoma) are characterized by a monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. Solitary plasmocytoma of bone (SPB) is a localized form of them. SPB is most frequently seen in vertebrae and secondarily in long bones. Its presence in jaws is extremely rare and when it is seen, angulus and ramus mandible are most common sites of occurrence. Prognosis of SPB is worse than extra medullar plasmacytoma (EMP) and approximately 50% of SPB will transform to multiple myelom. A 76-year old woman consulted to our clinic with a chief complaint of slowly developed swelling in her mandible. She had an operation from caput femur because of plasmocytoma two months before. Panoramic radiography revealed a radiolucent lesion in the mandibular anterior region, 60x35 mm in dimension. Aspiration biopsy was performed and histopathological examination was reported as plasmocytoma. She was referred to the oncology department for treatment but died before the treatment finished.

Fibrolipomatous hamartoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis: report of a case.

Tuberous sclerosis is a rare congenital disorder with an incidence of 1 in 6000 births. The classic triad is seizure, mental deficiency, and angiofibromas. Orofacial manifestations include fibrous hyperplasia, hemangioma, bifid uvula, cleft lip and palate, macroglossia, high arched palate, and enamel defects. Benign tumors of the jaws including desmoplastic fibroma, calcifying odontogenic tumor, and odontogenic myxoma have been recently reported in tuberous sclerosis. This case report adds fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the mandible to this list.

An unusual foreign body (suturing needle) in the tonsillar region.

This case report describes the presence of a foreign body (surgical needle) in the tonsillar area. The needle was overlooked during surgery. Following the surgery, the patient had no pain or other complaints related to the surgical site. There are only a few reported cases of forgotten surgical materials in operation sites in the literature.