Appendicitis in a Six-Month-Old Child With Coincidental Pneumonia.

Appendicitis is an exceedingly uncommon diagnosis in infancy and, thus, is typically not considered a differential diagnosis for this population. Its atypical presentation, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, creates a diagnostic challenge for physicians. Along with this, a patient's inability to articulate their pain adds another layer of diagnostic challenge. Here, we present the case of a six-month-old infant with a complicated hospital course of pneumonia and subsequent ileus, who was later found to have appendicitis with a surrounding abscess.

Clinical Characterization of Autosomal Dominant and Autosomal Recessive PROM1 Mutation With a Report of Novel Mutation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aims to provide clinical characterization of PROM1 mutation with a report of novel mutation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective case series of six patients from a single institution with multimodal imaging, electroretinography, and genetic testing. RESULTS: Six patients aged 12 to 47 years were identified. Patients with autosomal recessive (AR) variants showed more severe panretinal dystrophy with symmetrical macular involvement and peripheral retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. The autosomal dominant (AD) variants, on the other hand, showed milder macular involvement with bull's eye maculopathy phenotype with minimal peripheral involvement. Among patients with AR variants, a younger patient with aberrant splicing showed a milder phenotype compared with patients with a nonsense mutation and an additional ABCA4 mutation. CONCLUSION: The authors describe patients with PROM1 retinopathy inherited AD and AR inherited patterns. Novel mutations of c.1909C>T and c.2050C>T were identified, leading to truncation of the protein at sequence p.Gln637* and p.Arg684*, respectively. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022;53:422-428.].