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14.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 81(6): 1305-10, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25863867

RESUMO

We recommend that uncomplicated GERD be diagnosed on the basis of typical symptoms without the use of diagnostic testing, including EGD. We recommend EGD for patients who have symptoms suggesting complicated GERD or alarm symptoms. We recommend that EGD not be routinely performed solely for the assessment of extraesophageal GERD symptoms. We recommend that endoscopic findings of reflux esophagitis be classified according to an accepted grading scale or described in detail. We suggest that repeat EGD be performed in patients with severe erosive esophagitis after at least an 8-week course of PPI therapy to exclude underlying BE or dysplasia. 44BB We recommend against obtaining tissue samples from endoscopically normal tissue to diagnose GERD or exclude BE in adults. We suggest that endoscopy be considered in patients with multiple risk factors for Barrett's esophagus. We recommend that tissue samples be obtained to confirm endoscopically suspected Barrett's esophagus. We suggest that endoscopic antireflux therapy be considered for selected patients with uncomplicated GERD after careful discussion with the patient regarding potential adverse effects, benefits, and other available therapeutic options.


Assuntos
Esôfago de Barrett/diagnóstico , Esofagoscopia/métodos , Esôfago/patologia , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/diagnóstico , Adulto , Esôfago de Barrett/etiologia , Esôfago de Barrett/patologia , Criança , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/complicações , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/cirurgia , Humanos , Lactente , Sociedades Médicas
19.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 13(4): 673-82, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25158929

RESUMO

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Esophageal adenocarcinoma is believed to result from the progression of gastroesophageal reflux disease to erosive esophagitis and re-epithelialization of the esophagus with a columnar cell population termed Barrett's esophagus (BE). Men develop BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma more frequently than women, yet little is known about the mechanisms of this difference. We assessed whether sex steroid hormones were associated with BE in a male population. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Barrett's Esophagus Early Detection Case Control Study, based at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Blood samples were collected from 174 men with BE and 213 men without BE (controls, based on endoscopic analysis); 13 sex steroid hormones were measured by mass spectrometry and sex hormone binding globulin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also calculated free estradiol, free testosterone, and free dihydrotestosterone (DHT). We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, race, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, heartburn, regurgitation, and gastroesophageal symptom score (excluding heartburn and regurgitation). RESULTS: Levels of free testosterone and free DHT were associated positively with BE risk; patients in the highest quartile for these hormones were most likely to have BE (free testosterone: OR, 5.36; 95% CI, 2.21-13.03; P = .0002; free DHT: OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 1.87-9.66; P = .001). Level of estrone sulfate was associated inversely with BE risk (P for trend = .02). No other hormone was associated with BE risk. Relationships were not modified by age or BMI. CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of men, levels of free testosterone and free DHT were significantly associated with BE.


Assuntos
Esôfago de Barrett/patologia , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Globulina de Ligação a Hormônio Sexual/análise
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