Nonconvulsive status epilepticus secondary to paclitaxel administration.

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) can be triggered by metabolic disturbances and drugs in adults without previous epilepsy. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman without previous history of epilepsy and recently diagnosed with infiltrating lobular breast carcinoma. Following the administration of paclitaxel-cremophor, she presented a striking disinhibited behavior with episodic spatial disorientation, emotional indifference, and irritability. Urgent EEG was consistent with NCSE. Clinical improvement and resolution of EEG abnormalities were observed following the administration of intravenous levetiracetam and lacosamide. Other causes of NCSE were ruled out, and antiepileptic drugs were slowly tapered off without new episodes of abnormal behavior after three months of follow-up. We have reported the first case of NCSE secondary to paclitaxel-cremophor. Neurologists and oncologists should consider NCSE as an unusual complication of treatment with paclitaxel-cremophor in patients without a history of epilepsy.

Rheumatoid meningitis mimicking progressive supranuclear palsy.

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid meningitis is an uncommon manifestation of longstanding rheumatoid arthritis and few cases have been described. The clinical presentation is extremely variable as reported in medical literature. CASE REPORT: We report a 71-year-old woman with 15 years of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis who developed neurological complications: cognitive deterioration; hypomimia; limitation on vertical gaze; and axial stiffness, resembling progressive supranuclear palsy and seizures. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a diffuse dural plaque on both frontal and temporal lobes exhibiting homogeneous gadolinium enhancement. There was diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement and hyperintense white matter lesions. The final diagnosis made by image-guided biopsy showed rheumatoid pachymeningitis. After the definitive diagnosis, high doses of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive treatment were started. CONCLUSIONS: We emphasize the diagnostic importance of the biopsy in cases of chronic pachymeningitis and stress that diverse entities can cause progressive supranuclear palsy-like phenotypes.