68 GA-FAPI-04 PET/CT Versus 18 F-FDG PET/CT in Imaging of Malignant Mixed Germ Cell Testicular Tumor.

ABSTRACT: 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed for restaging in in a 16-year-old boy who was operated on for right testicular tumor and was diagnosed with malignant mixed germ cell tumor. Mild FDG uptake was observed in 2 nodules in both lungs and retroperitoneal lymph node in the abdomen. 68 Ga-FAPI (fibroblast activation protein inhibitor) 04 PET/CT showed moderate uptake of FAPI in lung nodules and retroperitoneal lymph node. In this case, 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT was shown to be superior to 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of malignant mixed germ cell testicular tumor metastases.

Investigation of ZIP4, ZO-1, and CLAUDIN-1 expression in thyroid tumours by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods.

Thyroid neoplasms are the most common endocrine malignancies. ZIP4 is an intramembranous zinc trans membrane protein. Zinc plays a central role in the activation of transcription factors, and zinc transporters. This affects tumour migration, invasion, and cell proliferation. ZO-1 and Claudin-1 are important tight junction proteins whose amounts increase and decrease in various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of ZIP4, ZO-1, and Claudin-1 in thyroid tumours and the relationship of this expression with tumour types and prognostic parameters. ZIP4, ZO-1, and Claudin-1 were studied in all cases by immunohistochemical and Real-Time PCR methods. ZIP4 and Claudin-1 tended to be expressed more in cases with tumours, while ZO-1 in cases with and without tumours. Expression of ZIP4 and Claudin-1 by real-time polymerase chain reaction showed a significant difference between histological subtypes, and this difference was not observed with ZO-1. It was observed that the presence of metastasis increased with the expression of ZIP4 and Claudin-1, and there was no significant change with ZO-1. We think that Claudin-1 and ZIP4 expression can be used as an important marker in terms of showing poor prognosis and susceptibility to metastasis in thyroid tumours, and in developing targeted therapy.

Investigation of pd-l1 (cd274), pd-l2 (pdcd1lg2), and ctla-4 expressions in malignant pleural mesothelioma by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods.

INTRODUCTION: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignant disease with a poor prognosis, which affects the surface mesothelium of the pleural cavity. Immune checkpoints are responsible for controlling the immune system to avoid autoimmunity and prevent tissue damage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) immuno-control receptors in MPM patients and the relationship of the expression with tumour types and prognostic parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, we evaluated 50 MPM cases. Immunohistochemically CTLA-4, PD-L1, and PD-L2 were detected by using monoclonal anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1, and anti-PD-L2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed with the primers CTLA-4, PD-L1, and PD-L2. RESULTS: Statistically, no significant relation was determined between the PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 expressions (immunohistochemical and RT-PCR methods) and the MPM histological type. Interestingly significant correlation was observed between the mean survival time and immunohistochemical PD-L2 expression; thus, long-term survival was observed in cases with PD-L2 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Programmed death ligand 1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 expression were observed in some MPM cases, suggesting that treatments targeting immune checkpoints may be effective. Because immunohistochemical expression of PD-L2 is associated with better prognosis, it may provide useful clues in the follow-up of patients.

Evaluation of definitive histopathological results of patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps: a tertiary care center experience.

Background: Although endometrial polyps are generally benign, there are also risks of malignancy. Objectives: To determine the premalignancy and malignancy prevalence in patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps and to investigate factors affecting premalignancy and malignancy. Methods: In our retrospective study, patients who were diagnosed with endometrial polyp with endometrial samples and who underwent polypectomy by hysteroscopy or hysterectomy within one year were included. Results: Premalignant / malignant histopathological results were detected in 7 (2.8%) patients. There were no statistically significant differences in histopathological results and endometrial sampling indications between premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. Hysterectomy in patients with premalignant/ malignant results and hysteroscopy in patients with benign results were found to be significantly different. There was not a statistically significant difference between patients with benign results and those with premalignant/malignant results in menopausal status, symptoms, status of hormone replacement therapy and endometrial polyp size. Conclusion: The possibility of premalignant/ malignant results in patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps should be kept in mind. The menopausal status, symptoms, sizes of endometrial polyps and whether or not the patient is on hormone replacement therapy should be considered while making the management plan. However, these should not be the decisive factors on their own.

False-Positive 68Ga-Fibroblast Activation Protein-Specific Inhibitor Uptake of Benign Lymphoid Tissue in a Patient With Breast Cancer.

ABSTRACT: 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein-specific inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET/CT was performed in a patient with left lower outer quadrant breast cancer who had 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed higher accumulation of radiotracer in primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes than 18F-FDG PET/CT. In addition, focal increased FAPI uptake was observed in another nodular lesion in the lower inner quadrant in the same breast, which was considered malignant. However, Tru-Cut biopsy of this lesion was reported as benign lymphoid tissue. This case showed that all FAPI accumulation in breast tissue should not be interpreted in favor of malignancy; histopathological confirmation is required.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Factor in Laryngeal Carcinoma.

Aim of this study; investigate whether neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be used as a prognostic factor in larynx cancer. The correlation between preoperative peripheral blood NLR and age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, clinical stage and differentiation degree was examined. One hundered fourty-four patients in Dicle University Department of Otorhinolaryngology between the years of 2005 and 2014 were included in the study. Clinical and preoperative laboratory data of patients were screened retrospectively from archive files of otorhinolaryngology and the pathology results were screened retrospectively from archive files of pathology. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the department and carried out in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki as amended in 2013. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 15.0 software package for Windows (SPSS inc., Chicago, IL, USA). There was a significant difference between NLR and clinical stage (p = 0.003) smoking (p = 0,001) and alcohol use (p = 0.001). When NLR was analyzed in detail according to the degree of tumor differentiation; significant differences were observed between G1 and G2 (p = 0.007) and between G1 and G3 (p = 0.001). Light of these findings, NLR is a cheap and easily accessible marker which can be used as a prognostic faxtor in laryngeal cancer. It is thougkt to shed light on the studies which will be conducted with more patients.

Retrorectal Tumors in Adults: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

Due to the rarity and large diversity of the primary retrorectal tumors (RTs), the diagnoses are often difficult and they can be misdiagnosed. We present our experience in light of scarce information available on the clinical manifestations of RTs. The retrospective study included 17 patients diagnosed as RTs between January 2004 and January 2014. Demographic characteristics, length of symptoms, clinical findings, diagnostic methods, evaluations on the treatment procedures and postoperative periods, pathology, complications, and length of hospital stay were recorded. A mean of 1.7 of patients were diagnosed with RTs annually in our hospital. Patients comprised 12 females and 5 males. Pain and discomfort were the most common symptoms at presentation. All the lesions were evaluated by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), and all the patients were treated operatively. Based on the preoperative MRI or CT findings, an anterior approach was performed in 7 patients, a posterior approach in 6 patients, and combined approach in 4 patients. Mean size of tumors was 9.2 ± 4.3 cm. Epidermoid cyst (n = 8) was the most common tumor. Except for 1 case of liposarcoma, 16 tumors were confirmed to be of benign nature in histologic examination. Mean length of hospital stay 12.4 ± 6.8 days. Retrorectal tumors are heterogeneous and lead to diagnostic difficulties. A high index of clinical suspicion is needed for diagnosis. Preoperative imaging may be helpful in determining the course of treatment. Total excision of a retrorectal tumor may alleviate pressure symptoms and confirm the diagnosis.

The effects of sulforaphane on the liver and remote organ damage in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model formed with pringle maneuver in rats.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Sulforaphane on ischemia/ reperfusion (IR) injury of the liver and distant organs resulting from liver blood flow arrest. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourty Wistar rats were assigned into four groups, each included 10 rats were used. Group I as only laparatomy, Group II laparatomy and Sulforaphane application, Group III hepatic IR; and Group IV as hepatic IR and Sulforaphane application group. Animals were subjected to liver ischemia for 30 min and then reperfusion is started. 5 mg/kg Sulforaphane was applied via oral lavage 15 minutes before initiating the experimental study. Blood samples were taken from the animals for biochemical analysis at 60th minutes of the experiment in the first and second groups; 30 minutes after beginning reperfusion in the third and forth groups. Simultaneously, liver, lung and kidney tissues were sampled for biochemical and histopathological examinations. RESULTS: The administration of sulforaphane significantly reduced the serum TOA and liver TOA levels, increased the serum TAC and liver TAC levels and also decreased The OSI and liver OSI levels. In the histopathologic examination, the injury was reduced by the administration of sulforaphane. Administration of sulforaphane did not lead to any significant changes in any parameter including histopathological parameters in both the kidney and the lung. CONCLUSIONS: Sulforaphane reduced the liver oxidative stress from I/R injury. A histological injury in liver was reduced by sulforaphane administration. However, there were no significant effects of sulforaphane on the remote organ injuries induced by IR.

Honokiol decreases intra-abdominal adhesion formation in a rat model.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of honokiol, a natural molecule that was shown to have antioxidant effects, in prevention of intra-abdominal adhesion formation in a rat model. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was conducted on a total of 40 non-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into 4 groups as follows: sham, control, saline, and honokiol groups. Both uterine horns of the rats in control, saline, and honokiol groups were exposed and a 2-cm segment of the anti-mesenteric surface of both uterine horns was traumatized by a scalpel. The saline group was administered 2 ml of saline/day intraperitoneally for 5 days after the operation. The honokiol group, on the other hand, was administered honokiol intraperitoneally at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day for 5 days after the operation. On postoperative day 14, 3 ml of intracardiac blood sample was taken from the rats for biochemical analyses, and the rats were sacrificed this way. RESULTS: Adhesion and inflammation scores were significantly lower in the honokiol group compared with the saline and control groups (p < 0.008). Similarly, fibrosis score was significantly lower in the honokiol group compared with the saline group (p < 0.008). CONCLUSION: Honokiol was found to be effective in prevention of intra-abdominal adhesion formation in a rat model. However, larger studies are needed to shed light on the exact role of honokiol in intra-abdominal adhesion formation and to determine the molecular aspects of the promising results found in this study.

Topical N-acetylcysteine improves wound healing comparable to dexpanthenol: an experimental study.

In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of dexpanthenol and N-acetylcysteine on wound healing. The wound healing process is a multifaceted sequence of activities associated with tissue restoration process. A number of investigations and clinical studies have been performed to determine new approaches for the improvement of wound healing. A total of 30 rats were divided into 3 equal groups. A linear 2-cm incision was made in the rats' skin. No treatment was administered in the first (control) group. Dexpanthenol cream was administered to the rats in the second group and 3% N-acetylcysteine cream was administered to the rats in the third group. The wound areas of all of the rats were measured on certain days. On the 21st day, all wounds were excised and histologically evaluated. The epithelialization and granulation rates between the groups were revealed to be similar in microscopic evaluations. Although the fibrosis was remarkable in the control group as compared with the other groups, it was similar in N-acetylcysteine and dexpanthenol groups. Angiogenesis rate was remarkable in the N-acetylcysteine group compared with the others. In multiple-comparison analysis, Dexpanthenol and N-acetylcysteine groups had similar results in terms of wound healing rates (P < 0.05), which were both higher than in the control group (P > 0.05). The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in wound healing is comparable to dexpanthenol, and both substances can be used to improve wound healing.

The use of thymoquinone in nephrotoxicity related to acetaminophen.

AIM: We aimed to investigate efficacy of intraperitoneally administered Thymoquinone (TQ) in acetaminophen (APAP) induced renal toxicity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Forty Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of ten rats each. Control group was untreated group while rats in TQ group were treated with single dose TQ. In APAP group rats were treated with single dose acetaminophen. In TQ + APAP group TQ and APAP were administered respectively. Rats were sacrificed at 24th hour; urea, creatinine and nitric oxide levels were measured also malondialdehyde activity were assessed in renal tissue specimens. Tissue damage scores were recorded in histopathological assessment. RESULTS: Urea and creatinine levels were found significantly higher in APAP group than control group (p < 0.003). Urea and creatinine levels in APAP + TQ treated group were significantly lower than APAP treated group (p < 0.01). Serum NO activity and tissue MDA levels were higher in APAP group than control group (p ≤ 0.002). In contrast to APAP treated group serum NO activity and tissue MDA levels were found significantly lower in TQ + APAP group (p ≤ 0.03). In APAP group significant histopathological change was found compared with control group (p ≤ 0.001) where there was no significant change between control and TQ treated groups (p > 0.05). In APAP group we found significantly higher tissue damage scores than control group (p ≤ 0.001). In APAP + TQ group lower tissue damage scores were found compared with APAP group (p ≤ 0.001) while higher scores were found compared with control group (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION: We can conclude that TQ treatment has therapeutical effect in APAP induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Effect of intraperitoneal curcumin instillation on postoperative peritoneal adhesions.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcumin on adhesion formation in a rat cecum abrasion model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups; the control group received saline, the curcumin group received 10 mg/kg of curcumin after cecal abrasion, and in the sham group the abdominal wall was closed without any abrasion to the cecum. On day 15, adhesions were assessed blindly using a standardized scale, and histopathological samples were taken and examined. RESULTS: There were no incisional hernias or wound dehiscences in any animals of the three groups. A comparison of adhesion scores showed a significant difference between the curcumin (median = 1) and the control group (median = 2; p < 0.05). The grade of inflammation of the curcumin (median = 1) and the sham (median = 0) group was significantly lower than that of the control group (median = 3; p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Hydroxyproline levels were significantly lower in the sham (48.3 ± 11.8 µg/mg) and the curcumin (63.8 ± 13.9 µg/mg) group compared to the control group (85.7 ± 22.1 µg/mg; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that curcumin, administered intraperitoneally, was effective in the prevention of peritoneal adhesion formation.

Effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on myringosclerosis development in the tympanic membrane of rat.

Myringosclerosis is hyalinization and calcification of certain areas of the tympanic membrane, especially the fibrous lamina propria layer and appears as white sclerotic lesions. Ventilation tube insertion is one of the most performed operations in the pediatric otorhinolaryngology practice to treat chronic otitis media with effusion. Myringosclerosis is a very common sequela of ventilation tube insertion. In this experimental study, our aim was to show the histopathological effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on myringosclerosis development in rat tympanic membrane after myringotomy. The rats were randomly categorized into four experimental groups including the comparison group (n = 4), non-treated group (n = 7), the saline (control) group (n = 7), the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group (n = 7). Non-treated group did not receive any treatment for 15 days. Saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered to the third group once a day for 15 days. Fourth group received caffeic acid phenethyl ester intraperitoneally once a day at a dose of 10 µmol/kg for 15 days. Myringotomy was performed on the right tympanic membrane of all rats except comparison group using a sterile pick with the help of an operating microscope. Histopathological examination of myringosclerosis formation was done by a pathologist under light microscope. In histopathological analysis of groups, the severity of inflammation was milder in caffeic acid phenethyl ester group compared to non-treated and saline groups (p < 0.05). There was less myringosclerotic plaques in caffeic acid phenethyl ester group than in non-treated and saline groups (p < 0.05). TM thickness measurements were very close to each other in non-treated and saline groups. The tympanic membrane thickness of caffeic acid phenethyl ester group was much thinner than the other two groups (p < 0.05). Caffeic acid phenethyl ester decreases inflammation severity and the formation of myringosclerotic plaques. These two effects resulted in thinner tympanic membranes of rats which were treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester. As a result, caffeic acid phenethyl ester has potential preventive effects on myringosclerosis development after myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion.

CD147 expression in uterine smooth muscle tumors, and its potential role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with leiomyosarcoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of CD147 expression in uterine smooth muscle neoplasms, as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). STUDY DESIGN: We investigated CD147 protein expression in uterine smooth muscle tumor samples from patients diagnosed with leiomyoma (n = 22), atypical leiomyoma (BLM) (n = 5), smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) (n = 14), and LMS (n = 22). The intensity and extensity of immunohistochemical staining were compared to determine its potential role in differential diagnosis. Spearman's rank correlation tests were performed to determine the relationship between CD147 expression and prognostic clinical and pathological criteria in the patients with LMS. RESULTS: CD147 was strongly expressed in 81.8% (n = 18) of the LMS tissue samples. In fact expression of CD147 in LMS tissues was significantly higher than that of the three other uterine smooth muscle tumor types (p = 0.000). However, high CD147 expression was found in only one BLM sample and one STUMP sample. Furthermore, CD147 percent expression positively correlated with Ki67 percent expression (r = 0.466, p<0.05) and mitotic index (r = 0.554, p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that immunohistochemistry may be a helpful tool in determining whether CD147 is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of certain uterine smooth muscle tumors. CD147 may also have prognostic value for patients with LMS. Yet, in order to determine the extent of this potential marker's utility as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator, a larger randomized multicenter study must be performed.

Intra-peritoneal administration of Ecballium elaterium diminishes postoperative adhesions.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of Ecballium elaterium (EE), Elaterium officinarum, in postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions in rats. METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups and underwent midline laparotomy under 35 mg/kg ketamine and 5 mg/kg xylazine anaesthesia. In group 1 (n=10), the sham operation group, the abdominal walls were closed without any process. In group 2 (n=10), the control group, the antimesenteric border of the ceacum and the corresponding parietal peritoneum were abraded with dry sterile gauze. In group 3 (n=10), the EE group, 2.5 mg/kg dose of EE was administered as intraperitoneally to the rats after abrasion. All rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 15. Samples were obtained RESULTS: The adhesion score was significantly decreased in the EE group (p=0.001) in comparison with the control group. Microscopically, the EE and sham groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.000, respectively). Furthermore, the measurement of tissue levels of hydroxyproline was significantly lower in the sham and EE groups compared to the control group (sham group: 47.6 ± 10.6, EE group: 62.9 ± 9.7, CONTROL GROUP: 84.2 ± 22.1 mg /L/g-tissue). CONCLUSION: The grade and severity of abdominal adhesion could be significantly reduced through administered Ecballium elaterium and therefore be a suitable anti-inflammatory agent for the prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesion in the future.

Does usage of a room air freshener affect the nasal mucosa?

BACKGROUND: Effects of chemicals emitted from the room air freshener sprays (RAFSs) on nasal mucosa are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of RAFSs on the nasal mucosa of rats for different time intervals. METHODS: Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: group 1 (n = 7) was the control group and not exposed to RAFS or other chemicals, group 2 (n = 7) was exposed to RAFS for 1 month, group 3 (n = 7) was exposed to RAFS for 2 months, and group 4 (n = 7) was exposed to RAFS for 3 months. Samples from the nasal septum were stained using hematoxylin and eosin solution, examined by a pathologist using a light microscope, and analyzed with Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: We observed that distinct histopathological differences in the nasal mucosa of exposed rats depends on different time intervals (p < 0.05). Increased congestion was found after the 1st month of exposure (group 2). Although edema and mild inflammatory cell infiltration, including some eosinophils, was seen after the 2nd month (group 3), squamous metaplasia, numerous eosinophils, and intense inflammatory cell infiltration began after 3 months of exposure (group 4). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that continuous use of RAFS can cause inflammation and eosinophilic infiltration in rats, which begins after 2 months of exposure and may lead to metaplasia after 3 months. Because of differences in body size, geometry, and physiological responses of rats, the extrapolation of these results to humans is not straightforward. However, any such comparison should be made with caution. Finally, more performance is necessary to clarify this subject.

The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on fracture healing in nicotinized rats.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on fracture healing in nicotinized rats. METHODS: Thirty-two rats were divided as follows: nicotinized group (1), hyperbaric oxygen group (2), nicotinized + hyperbaric oxygen group (3), and control group (4). For 28 days, nicotine was administered in Groups 1 and 3. Then, a standard shaft fracture was induced in the left femur of rats. Groups 2 and 3 underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 21 days. At the end of the experiment, fracture site, left femur and whole body bone mineral content and density were measured. RESULTS: The radiological and histopathological scores of Group 1 were statistically significantly lower compared to Groups 2, 3 and 4, and there was no statistically significant difference between the Groups 2, 3 and 4. In a comparison between the groups, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of bone mineral content and density values measured at the fracture site, left femur and whole body. CONCLUSION: The negative effects of nicotine on fracture healing are eliminated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, but hyperbaric oxygen alone does not cause significant changes in healing (radiologically and histopathologically).

A rare sublingual cyst in an infant: oral heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst.

Oral heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst is rarely seen in the oral cavity. The tongue and floor of the mouth are the most commonly affected sites. These cysts may cause feeding and respiration problems, especially in newborns and infants. A benign mass was considered according to the physical examination and ultrasonography findings. We treated the patient with simple excision. We present a three-month-old female infant who was referred to us with a cystic mass in the sublingual region.

The effect of corticosteroid against streptomycin ototoxicity.

The aim of this experimental study was to determine the possible protective role of corticosteroid in prevention of streptomycin-induced ototoxicity. Twenty-eight adult Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control (n = 7), streptomycin (n = 7), corticosteroid (n = 7), and streptomycin + corticosteroid (n = 7). Rats were tested with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in the beginning and at the end of the study. The animals in all groups were killed under general anesthesia on the 45th day after the last DPOAE measurements. Hearing results were analyzed statistically to determine differences in amplitudes of DPOAE. In addition, the cochleas of each rat were evaluated by histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination. Significant difference was not observed in cochlear hair cells in the control and corticosteroid groups, whereas severe degeneration of hair cells and increased apoptotic cells were observed in the streptomycin group. Moderate degeneration was observed in the streptomycin + corticosteroid group. The hair cells were partially intact. DP-gram of the streptomycin and streptomycin + corticosteroid groups was significantly deteriorated (P < 0.05). The coadministration of steroids with streptomycin, which has a serious ototoxic effect, did not lead to a limitation of this harmful effect.

Evaluation of the protective effects of CoQ10 on ovarian I/R injury: an experimental study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in an experimental rat adnexal torsion model. METHODS: 48 female adult Wistar albino rats, weighing 220-250 g, were randomly equally divided into six groups (n = 8): sham, torsion, detorsion, sham+CoQ10, torsion+CoQ10, and detorsion+CoQ10 groups. Bilateral adnexal torsion was performed for 3 h in all groups, except the sham and sham+CoQ10 groups. Bilateral adnexal detorsion was performed on the detorsion and detorsion+CoQ10 groups. CoQ10 was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before the sham operation, torsion, and detorsion. RESULTS: The torsion and detorsion groups had significantly higher histologic evaluation scores, as well as higher MDA levels, TOS values, and oxidative stress index values than the sham group. A strong correlation between total histologic evaluation scores for ischemia/reperfusion injury and the oxidative stress index was found. The mean oxidant marker levels and histopathologic scores for the ovarian tissue significantly decreased after using CoQ10, which is a potent antioxidant. CONCLUSIONS: Conservative surgery (detorsion) was found to provide inadequate protection to ovarian tissue. The results of this study suggest that CoQ10 could be useful for the protection of ovarian tissue before conservative surgery.