Edge based metric dimension of various coffee compounds.

An important dietary source of physiologically active compounds, coffee also contains phenolic acids, diterpenes, and caffeine. According to a certain study, some coffee secondary metabolites may advantageously modify a number of anti-cancer defense systems. This research looked at a few coffee chemical structures in terms of edge locating numbers or edge metric size to better understand the mechanics of coffee molecules. Additionally, this research includes graph theoretical properties of coffee chemical structures. The chemicals found in coffee, such as caffeine, diterpene or cafestol, kahweol, chlorogenic, caffeic, gallotannins, and ellagitannins, are especially examined in these publications.

Multiple environmental antigens may trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis through T-cell receptor polyspecificity.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a T-cell mediated autoimmune skin disease. HLA-C*06:02 is the main psoriasis-specific risk gene. Using a Vα3S1/Vß13S1 T-cell receptor (TCR) from a lesional psoriatic CD8+ T-cell clone we had discovered that, as an underlying pathomechanism, HLA-C*06:02 mediates an autoimmune response against melanocytes in psoriasis, and we had identified an epitope from ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as a melanocyte autoantigen. The conditions activating the psoriatic autoimmune response in genetically predisposed individuals throughout life remain incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to identify environmental antigens that might trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis because of TCR polyspecificity. Methods: We screened databases with the peptide recognition motif of the Vα3S1/Vß13S1 TCR for environmental proteins containing peptides activating this TCR. We investigated the immunogenicity of these peptides for psoriasis patients and healthy controls by lymphocyte stimulation experiments and peptide-loaded HLA-C*06:02 tetramers. Results: We identified peptides from wheat, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, microbiota, tobacco, and pathogens that activated both the Vα3S1/Vß13S1 TCR and CD8+ T cells from psoriasis patients. Using fluorescent HLA-C*06:02 tetramers loaded with ADAMTSL5 or wheat peptides, we find that the same CD8+ T cells may recognize both autoantigen and environmental antigens. A wheat-free diet could alleviate psoriasis in several patients. Discussion: Our results show that due to TCR polyspecificity, several environmental antigens corresponding to previously suspected psoriasis risk conditions converge in the reactivity of a pathogenic psoriatic TCR and might thus be able to stimulate the psoriatic autoimmune response against melanocytes. Avoiding the corresponding environmental risk factors could contribute to the management of psoriasis.

Percutaneous embolization of contained iatrogenic vesicourethral fistula using Amplatzer vascular plug and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate: a case report.

PURPOSE: Reports on percutaneous embolization of vesicourethral anastomotic fistula are limited. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old male presented with persistent contained vesicourethral fistula following low anterior resection and radical retropubic prostectomy for rectal cancer. A contained fistula with urinary leakage of 350 ml/day through a Jackson-Pratt (JP) tube was found at the posterior aspect of the vesicourethral anastomotic site on cystography. After 1 month of failed conventional urinary drainage manoeuvre, percutaneous embolization of the contained fistula was successfully performed through the JP tube. An Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP) was used to block the fistula and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was used to obliterate the urinoma cavity. Computed tomography scans at 1-month and 1-year follow-ups showed stable AVP position and complete obliteration of the cavity by NBCA. CONCLUSIONS: The contained vesicourethral anastomotic fistula was successfully managed with AVP and NBCA via a JP drainage tube. It is expected that AVP will block the fistula and NBCA will obliterate the urinoma cavity effectively.

Diode lasers for the treatment of genital warts.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the most common sexually transmitted diseases leading to genital warts. Developing lesions start off as small papules, which then grow larger and protrude, eventually coalescing into plaque-like formations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser coagulation as a treatment for genital warts relative to their number, size, localisation, and recurrence rate. Altogether, 45 patients were evaluated in this study. Patients were initially assigned to one of two groups, depending on the size and number of their genital warts, and received a maximum of two laser treatments. Patients were assessed up to three months after intervention. A cure was defined as the complete removal of condylomata. In Group I, 84% of the patients (21/25) were free of recurrence after three months (last follow-up visit). In Group II, 60% of the patients were free of recurrence after three months (12/20 patients); 25% after the first and 35% after the second treatment. Overall, a cure rate of 73% was achieved (33/45 patients). By splitting the laser treatment for multiple, extensive, and/or coalescing genital warts into two sessions, thereby being less destructive to the surrounding tissue, it was possible to achieve comparable cure rates between the two groups. This study indicates that laser treatment is an effective therapy option. Further studies including larger patient cohorts are necessary to ultimately confirm the advantages of laser treatment.