Identification of Human Bocavirus type 4 in a child asymptomatic for respiratory tract infection and acute gastroenteritis - Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Abstract Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified from feces and respiratory samples from cases of both acute gastroenteritis and respiratory illness as well as in asymptomatic individuals. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize HBoV from fecal samples collected from hospitalized children aged less than five years old with no symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI) or acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The study involved 119 children and one fecal sample was collected from each participant between 2014 and 2015. HBoV was detected using Nested-PCR, and the viral type identified by genomic sequencing. HBoV-4 was identified from one sample obtained from a hospitalized child with soft tissue tumor of the submandibular region. This is the first report of HBoV-4 identification in Brazil, but we consider that this type may be circulating in the country similar to the other types and new investigations are necessary.

Identification of Human Bocavirus type 4 in a child asymptomatic for respiratory tract infection and acute gastroenteritis - Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified from feces and respiratory samples from cases of both acute gastroenteritis and respiratory illness as well as in asymptomatic individuals. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize HBoV from fecal samples collected from hospitalized children aged less than five years old with no symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI) or acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The study involved 119 children and one fecal sample was collected from each participant between 2014 and 2015. HBoV was detected using Nested-PCR, and the viral type identified by genomic sequencing. HBoV-4 was identified from one sample obtained from a hospitalized child with soft tissue tumor of the submandibular region. This is the first report of HBoV-4 identification in Brazil, but we consider that this type may be circulating in the country similar to the other types and new investigations are necessary.

Circulating profile of rotavirus a, g and p genotypes before and after vaccine introduction in the Brazilian mid-west 1986-2015

The purpose of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of Rotavirus A (RVA) G and P genotypes circulating in the Brazilian Mid-West in the period 1986-2015. Seven studies conducted from 1986 to 2009 were included, as well as fecal samples obtained in the period 2014-2015. RVA was screened by ELISA and/or PAGE; genotyping by conventional RT-PCR and/or genomic sequencing. A temporal variation in the predominance of G genotypes mainly G1 and G2 with G9 and G12 emergence was observed. Even with vaccination, RVA continues to circulate in the population, requiring continuous virus monitoring

Phylodynamics of DENV-1 reveals the spatiotemporal co-circulation of two distinct lineages in 2013 and multiple introductions of dengue virus in Goiás, Brazil.

Dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) was the first serotype introduced in Brazil, during in the 1980s. Since then, this virus has spread in the Brazilian territory, causing several outbreaks. In 2013 the highest number of dengue cases was notified, when compared to the previous years in Brazil, and the state of Goiás reported over 160 thousand cases. In this study, we aimed to present the Phylodynamics of DENV-1 isolates from the state of Goiás, Brazil, during 2013 outbreak, based on the envelope gene (E) sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Brazilian DENV-1 isolates are grouped together with viruses from genotype V in two distinct lineages (lineage I and lineage II) reflecting co-circulation. Phylogeographic analyses showed that these lineages were introduced in different moments in Goiás, Brazil, using distinct routes, likely originated from the Caribbean. Lineage I was first introduced coming from Rio de Janeiro (2007-2012), followed by the introduction from Argentina (2010-2013). Lineage II was introduced in a single moment from Rio de Janeiro and this clade has existed since 2007-2010. The different viral introduction events demonstrate the viral dispersion process with neighboring regions, which is essential for the maintenance of outbreaks and introduction of new emerging viruses. In conclusion, obtained data reveals the importance of continuous molecular surveillance of this virus in different regions, providing a better understanding of DENV-1 circulation, considering the evolutionary and virus spread patterns.