Representation and practices of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System consumption in the university population of Bogotá(Colombia) / Representación social y prácticas de consumo de sistemas electrónicos de administración de nicotina en población universitaria de bogotá (colombia)

RESUMEN Objetivo: Colombia cuenta con una legislación de control del tabaco desde 2009 sin embargo, no existe una regulación específica sobre los Sistemas Electrónicos de Administración de Nicotina (SEAN), por lo tanto, es vital caracterizar las dimensiones cualitativas de consumo. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las prácticas y representaciones de los consumidores de SEAN con el fin de obtener elementos para orientar las acciones necesarias para prevenir su consumo. Materiales y métodos: Este artículo presenta los resultados identificados en el componente cualitativo de una investigación macro sobre la prevalencia del uso de SEAN entre estudiantes universitarios. Se realizaron 14 entrevistas individuales y 1 grupo focal, analizados con el software NVivo10®. Resultados: Se presentan como resultados principales la identificación de las prácticas de consumo, de las cuales se derivó que el núcleo central de la representación social sobre SEAN es no autónomo, lo que posibilita un cambio que desincentive su consumo; el sistema periférico de la representación está conformado por tres elementos: la dimensión social, el consumo de SEAN como estilo de vida y la dimensión corporal y emocional. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las acciones de prevención de consumo de SEAN deben partir de la identificación de características particulares y exclusivas del consumo de SEAN y la incorporación de los elementos del sistema periférico que permitan abordar un consumo que no se basa en la toma de decisiones informadas.

ABSTRACT Objective: Colombia has had a tobacco control legislation since 2009, however there is no specific regulation on Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS). Therefore, it is crucial to characterize the qualitative dimensions of consumption. The study aimed to answer the question: What are the representations and practices of the university population regarding the consumption of SEAN? The objective of the study is to identify the practices and representations of ENDS consumers in order to obtain elements to guide the necessary actions to prevent their consumption. Methods: This paper presents the results identified in the qualitative component of a main study on the prevalence of ENDS use among university students. 14 individual interviews and 1 focus group were conducted and analyzed with the NVivo10® software. The corpus consisted of the transcripts of the 14 interviews and 1 focus group, which constitutes a total of 116 pages of raw data. The techniques used were semi-structured interviews and focus groups, using the Microsoft Teams platform. Taking into account ethical aspects, in each interview and in the focus group the informed consent was read and authorization was requested for the interview to be recorded. The average duration of each interview was one hour and forty-five minutes and the focus group lasted a total of 120 minutes. The capture of practices and representation related to the use/non-use of SEAN was achieved by incorporating two phases of analysis: a)Inductivephase: it was developed with an ordered matrix on the theoretical categories of the project, b)Phase of deductive analysis was carried out based on processes typical of the founded theory that allowed expanding the analytical framework having as its axis the identification of consumption practices and the elements that make up the central core and the peripheral system of representation. Results: The main results are the identification of consumption practices, from which it was derived that the central nucleus of the social representation of SEAN is non-autonomous, which enables a change that discourages its consumption. The reasons and practices for consuming ENDS are closely related to conventional cigarette consumption, which corresponds to the fact that 11 of the 14 interviewees who identify themselves as consumers have consumed conventional cigarettes and only two have been exclusive ENDS consumers. The following practices were identified: a) The consumption motivations were grouped like social, economic and socio-emotional; b) Three types of consumption spaces: prohibited, exclusive and recovered spaces. These last ones are places where you couldn't smoke cigarettes and now they feel empowered to vape; c) There are forms of differential consumption and access to ENDS related to the quality, price, exclusivity and adherence; d) Habits and rituals are not related to moments of daily life, as with cigarettes, but to practices such as searching for and mixing "salts" to obtain flavors, cleaning and maintaining the device, smoking tricks; e) About information channels among the interviewees it was noted that the practice of informed consumption is not frequent and that there are few sources of information that offer low confidence. Finally, the peripheral system of representation is made up of three elements: social dimension, the consumption of SEAN as a lifestyle, bodied and emotional dimension. Conclusion : It is concluded that the actions to prevent the consumption of ENDS should start from the identification of particular and exclusive characteristics of the consumption of ENDS and the incorporation of the elements of the peripheral system that allow addressing a consumption not based on making informed decisions. The main finding is the identification of a non-autonomous representation that stems from the difficulty of establishing notable differentiations between conventional cigarette consumption and e-cigarettes. Therefore, the main vein of research that opens up is to delve into the particular and exclusive characteristics of this consumption. It is essential to incorporate bodily, emotional, and especially social (interpersonal) dimensions as important variables in understanding the practices and representations of e-cigarettes through complex approaches that can break the solid elements on which conventional cigarette consumption is anchored, as it continues to define dynamics of electronic device consumption. It is important at this point to recognize that emotions can be understood as the intermediary between the lived experience in the body and everything that happens in the environment. Thus, it is not possible to think of this representation without recognizing that consumption is an embodied exercise, and the absence of the body in discourses about e-cigarettes can be a revealing element of a disconnection between practices and meanings that are reinforced in the insistence on an action (smoking is smoking) despite the recognition of its negative effects on health (even though it should not be). The understanding of the social representation of e-cigarette consumption in relation to specific practices related to it provides some clues on which to work on processes of information, communication, prevention, and regulation to discourage this consumption that appears relatively new.

Safety net hospital risk model demonstrates stronger, population-specific applicability in characterizing lung cancer risk.

Background: Determining lung cancer (LC) risk using personalized risk stratification may improve screening effectiveness. While the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) is a well-established stratification model for LC screening, it was derived from a predominantly Caucasian population and its effectiveness in a safety net hospital (SNH) population is unknown. We have developed a model more tailored to the SNH population and compared its performance to the PLCO model in a SNH setting. Methods: Retrospective dataset was compiled from patients screened for LC at SNH from 2015 to 2019. Descriptive statistics were calculated using the following variables: age, sex, race, education, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, personal cancer history, family LC history, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and emphysema. Variables distribution was compared using t- and chi-square tests. LC risk scores were calculated using SNH and PLCO models and categorized as low (scores <0.65%), moderate (0.65-1.49%), and high (>1.5%). Linear regression was applied to evaluate the relationship between models and covariates. Results: Of 896 individuals, 38 were diagnosed with LC. Data reflected the SNH patient demographics, which predominantly were African American (53.5%), current smokers (69.9%), and with emphysema (70.1%). Among the non-LC cohort, SNH model most frequently categorized patients as low risk, while PLCO model most frequently classified patients as moderate risk. Among the LC cohort, there was no significant difference between mean scores or risk stratification. SNH model showed 92.1% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity while PLCO model showed 89.4% sensitivity and 26.1% specificity. Emphysema demonstrated a strong association in SNH model (P<0.001) while race showed no relation. Conclusions: SNH model demonstrated greater specificity for characterizing LC risk in a SNH population. The results demonstrated the importance of study sample representation when identifying risk factors in a stratification model.

Empreendedorismo na Enfermagem em Estomaterapia: Aspectos Potencializadores de Atuação no Mercado de Trabalho / Entrepreneurship in Stomal Therapy Nursing: Potential Aspects of Performance in the Labor Market / Emprendimiento en Enfermería Estomaterápica: Aspectos Potenciales de Desempeño en el Mercado Laboral

Objetivo:Analisar os aspectos potencializadores descritos por enfermeiros estomaterapeutas para realização de atividades empreendedoras. Método: Estudo de natureza qualitativa, do tipo descritivo-exploratório, realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, entre os meses de janeiro e abril de 2020, com 26 estomaterapeutas empreendedores, apoiado na técnica não probabilística conhecida como snowball, ou bola de neve. Os dados coletados foram transcritos de forma integral e, posteriormente, tratados, aplicando-se a técnica de análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: Foram relacionados temas que perpassaram pela percepção de potencializadores do empreendedorismo na estomaterapia, como a demanda do mercado e o vasto campo empreendedor da especialidade; a experiência clínica; a importância da indicação por outros pacientes e profissionais; a influência das mídias sociais e o sentimento de satisfação com o desenvolvimento da atividade laboral. Conclusão: A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que os potencializadores citados podem ser reflexo da reduzida oferta de serviços públicos especializados à população, ampliando-se a busca por tais especialistas de forma particular, tanto pela indicação de outros pacientes e profissionais quanto pela busca nas mídias sociais, o que expande os campos de atuação do estomaterapeuta e pode trazer maior satisfação com seu trabalho enquanto especialistas

Objective:To analyze the potentiating aspects of entrepreneurial activities described by stomal therapist nurses. Method: Qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study, carried out through semi-structured interviews, between January and April 2020, with 26 enterprising stoma therapists, supported by the non-probabilistic technique known as snowball. The collected data were fully transcribed and subsequently treated, applying the thematic content analysis technique. Results: Topics that pervaded the perception of entrepreneurship potential in stomatherapy were related, such as market demand and the vast entrepreneurial field of the specialty; clinical experience; the importance of indication by other patients and professionals; the influence of social media and the feeling of satisfaction with the development of the work activity. Conclusion: The analysis of the data allowed us to conclude that the cited potentiators may be a reflection of the reduced supply of specialized public services to the population, expanding the search for such specialists in a particular way, both by referring other patients and professionals and by searching through the social media, which expands the fields of action of the stoma therapist and can bring more satisfaction with their work as specialists.

Objetivo:Analizar los aspectos potenciadores de las actividades emprendedoras descritos por enfermeros estomaterapeutas. Método: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, realizado a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, entre enero y abril de 2020, con 26 estomaterapeutas emprendedores, apoyados en la técnica no probabilística conocida como "Bola de Nieve". Los datos recogidos fueron transcritos íntegramente y posteriormente tratados, aplicando la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se relacionaron temas que impregnaron la percepción de los potenciadores del emprendimiento en estomaterapia, como la demanda del mercado y el vasto campo empresarial de la especialidad, la experiencia clínica, la importancia de la indicación por parte de otros pacientes y profesionales, la influencia de las redes sociales y el sentimiento de satisfacción con lo que haces. Conclusión: El análisis de los datos permite concluir que los citados potenciadores pueden ser reflejo de la reducida oferta de servicios públicos especializados a la población, ampliando de manera particular la búsqueda de estos profesionales, tanto por la derivación de otros pacientes y profesionales como por la búsqueda a través de las redes sociales, que amplían los campos de actuación del profesional y pueden traer más satisfacción con su trabajo como especialistas.

Saberes e Práticas Sobre Prevenção e Tratamento de Queimaduras no Ambiente Domiciliar / Knowledge and Practices About Prevention and Treatment of Burns in the Home Environment / Conocimientos y Prácticas Sobre Prevención y Tratamiento de Quemaduras en el Ambiente Domiciliario

Objetivos:Demonstrar os saberes e as práticas de indivíduos sobre prevenção e tratamento de queimaduras no ambiente domiciliar e descrever o cuidado educativo de enfermagem na prevenção e tratamento de queimaduras no ambiente domiciliar. Método: Pesquisa convergente-assistencial realizada de maneira virtual, no período de junho a agosto de 2021, com pessoas residentes na cidade de Macaé (RJ). Resultados: A pesquisa incluiu 16 participantes, sendo 81,25% (n = 13) do sexo feminino, com idades entre 19 e 59 anos. Na análise das entrevistas, foi possível identificar saberes e práticas equivocados sobre a prevenção e o tratamento de queimaduras, a serem discutidos neste estudo. Conclusão: Embora haja conhecimento acerca dos saberes e práticas adequados sobre prevenção e tratamento de queimaduras no ambiente domiciliar, houve identificação de práticas equivocadas que podem prejudicar o correto tratamento e prevenção de agravos. Os achados deste estudo apontam para a necessidade de construir materiais e de realizar práticas educativas com essa população para reforço de medidas preventivas de queimaduras.

Objectives:To demonstrate the knowledge and practices of individuals on the prevention and treatment of burns in the home environment and to describe the educational nursing care in the prevention and treatment of burns in the home environment. Method: Convergent care research was carried out virtually, from June to August 2021, with people residing in the city of Macaé/RJ, Brazil. Results: The survey included 16 participants, 81.25% (n = 13) female, aged between 19 and 59 years old. In the analysis of the interviews, it was possible to identify mistaken knowledge and practices about the prevention and treatment of burns, to be discussed in this study. Conclusion: Although there is knowledge about adequate knowledge and practices on the prevention and treatment of burns in the home environment, there was identification of wrong practices that can harm the correct treatment and prevention of injuries. The findings of this study point to the need to build materials and carry out educational practices with this population to reinforce preventive measures for burns.

Objetivos:Demostrar los conocimientos y prácticas de los individuos sobre la prevención y tratamiento de quemaduras en el ambiente domiciliario y describir el cuidado educativo de enfermería en la prevención y tratamiento de quemaduras en el ambiente domiciliario. Método: Investigación de Atención Convergente (PCA) realizada virtualmente, de junio a agosto de 2021, con personas residentes en la ciudad de Macaé/RJ. Resultados: La encuesta contó con 16 participantes, 81,25% (n=13) mujeres, con edades entre 19 y 59 años. En el análisis de las entrevistas, fue posible identificar conocimientos y prácticas erróneas sobre la prevención y el tratamiento de las quemaduras, para ser discutidas en este estudio. Conclusión: Si bien existe conocimiento sobre los saberes y prácticas sobre la prevención y tratamiento de quemaduras en el ámbito domiciliario, se identificaron prácticas incorrectas que pueden perjudicar el correcto tratamiento y prevención de lesiones. Los hallazgos de este estudio apuntan para la necesidad de construir materiales y realizar prácticas educativas con esta población para reforzar las medidas preventivas de quemaduras.

Hypothetical framework for post-COVID 19 condition based on a fibromyalgia pathogenetic model.

There is a clear clinical overlap between fibromyalgia, myalgic encephalomyelitis, and post-COVID 19 condition. Chronic fatigue, cognitive impairment, and widespread pain characterize these 3 syndromes. A steady line of investigation posits fibromyalgia as stress-evoked sympathetically maintained neuropathic pain syndrome and places dorsal root ganglia dysregulation with the ensuing small fiber neuropathy at the epicenter of fibromyalgia pathogenesis. This article discusses emerging evidence suggesting that similar mechanism may operate in post-COVID 19 condition.

Sex disparities in lung cancer survival rates based on screening status.

OBJECTIVE: Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) became the standard method for lung cancer (LC) screening in 2013. However, it is unclear whether there are differences in survival rates based on sex and whether the differences depend on screening status. We aimed to evaluate the LC survival rates between females and males based on screening. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study examined data from the Boston LC Study (BLCS) between 2013 and 2021. LC screening depends on patients' demographics (age and smoking history) to determine whether a person is a high-risk individual and, therefore, undergo LDCT. Descriptive statistics were calculated for race, age, histology, smoking history, stage, and treatment. These variables' distributions were compared between sex and screening status using t-test and chi-square, respectively. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare survival between sex and screening. Propensity score matching was applied to account for selection bias in screening when evaluating the association between screening and stage. RESULTS: A total of 1,216 LC patients were identified with a screening incidence of 9.4 %, among whom 56 % were female. Unscreened males had 1.59 times higher risk of mortality than unscreened females (P=.0002) and had a worse 5-year survival (male 50 %; 95 %CI, 0.38,0.6 vs female 70 %; 95 %CI,0.62,0.76). In contrast, there were no significant differences in survival between sexes among screened. In a balanced cohort of screened and unscreened, the odds of being diagnosed at late stages for females and smokers were 1.33 and 2.51 times that of males and nonsmokers; however, there were no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Unscreened females had a lower risk of mortality and better survival than unscreened males, while among the screened population, there was no difference in the overall survival. These observations demonstrate the influence of sex on survival prognosis in LC when screening is not performed.

Evaluación del estado emocional de personas con diabetes mellitus en la práctica ambulatoria / Evaluation of the emotional state of people with diabetes mellitus in outpatient practice

La aparición de una enfermedad crónica, como la diabetes mellitus (DM), pone a prueba la respuesta del universo físico y psíquico de un individuo. Como objetivo general, se propone evaluar el estado emocional de las personas con DM en la consulta ambulatoria. Como objetivo particular, detectar y monitorear las necesidades psicológicas que deben formar parte integral del cuidado de la DM mediante el uso de métodos validados. El cuestionario WHO-5 se incluye como índice de bienestar general, el PAID-5 revela la existencia de una posible angustia emocional vinculada a la enfermedad, y el PHQ- 9 como índice de depresión. Ante esta situación, el Comité de Aspectos Psicosociales recomienda explorar estos aspectos para optimizar el control y el tratamiento de la enfermedad, proponiendo estas herramientas para que el equipo de salud las emplee en la detección y el reconocimiento del estado emocional de las personas con DM

Occurrence of a chronic disease, such as diabetes, prove the response of the physical and psychic universe of individuals. As a general objective, is proposed to evaluate emotional state of people with diabetes in the outpatient clinic. As principal objective, detection and monitoring the psychological needs should be a main part of diabetes care, using validated tools to evaluate this aspect. WHO-5 questionnaire is included as an index of general well-being, PAID-5, reveals the existence of a possible emotional distress linked to disease, and PHQ-9 is used as an index of depression. At this situation, the Committee on Psycho-Social Aspects recommends explore these psychological aspects, as a way to optimize the control and treatment of disease, and propose the cited tools, to be used by the health team, in detection and recognition of emotional state in people with diabetes.

Desempeño académico de fin de carrera en estudiantes de medicina ante un cambio de plan de estudios en Uruguay: graduación, rezago y becas / Academic performance at the end of the career in medical students during a curriculum change in Uruguay: on time and delayed graduation and scholarships / Desempenho acadêmico de final de curso dos estudantes de medicina diante de uma mudança no plano de estudos do Uruguai: graduação, defasagem e bolsas

La duración de la carrera de medicina en la Universidad de la República, Uruguay, se redujo un año al modificarse el plan de estudios. Estudiantes que cursaron el novel y el antiguo plan rindieron sincrónicamente un concurso previo a la práctica preprofesional en 2015, graduándose simultáneamente. Este trabajo indagó sobre las potenciales derivaciones de cursar uno u otro plan, como forma de obtener insumos para la evaluación del plan de estudios actual y de los programas de becas de apoyo estudiantil, a fin de proyectar estrategias de mejora. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo cuantitativo analizando el desempeño, la retención y el rezago estudiantil en relación con el plan cursado, atributos sociodemográficos y el usufructo de becas. Los graduados con rezago tuvieron peor desempeño al final de la carrera que los graduados en tiempo, independientemente del plan. El rezago se asoció al perfil sociodemográfico. El 23.7% de los graduados usufructuó alguna beca durante su carrera. Los becados presentaron niveles educativos parentales inferiores y procedieron en mayor proporción del interior del país que el total de graduados. Se concluye que: a) la desvinculación y el rezago académico tienen lugar en ambos planes; b) cursar con rezago se asocia a un peor desempeño en etapas finales de la carrera, vinculándose con el perfil sociodemográfico y no con cursar un plan de estudios u otro y c) las políticas institucionales de becas remedian parcialmente este hecho favoreciendo la retención y graduación.

At the Universidad de la República, Uruguay, the medical career duration was reduced as a consequence of a curriculum renovation. Students who attended the novice and the prior curriculum synchronously took a pre-practice contest in 2015, graduating simultaneously. This work investigated the potential derivations of taking the previous or the new curriculum and to obtain inputs for the evaluation of the current curriculum and student support scholarship programs in order to project improvement strategies. A quantitative retrospective study was carried out analyzing student performance, retention and delayed graduation in relation to the curriculum taken, sociodemographic attributes and the use of scholarships. Regardless of the curriculum, those with a delayed graduation showed lower results than those who graduated in time. Delayed graduation was associated with the sociodemographic profile. A 23.7% of the graduates used a scholarship at some point in their career. The scholarship recipients presented lower parental educational levels and came in a greater proportion from the interior of the country than the total number of graduates. It was concluded that: a) dropout and academic delay occur at both curriculums; b) obtaining a degree with a delay is associated with worse performance in the final career stages, being linked to the sociodemographic profile and not to taking one study plan or another and c) institutional scholarship policies partially solve baseline inequities, favoring retention and graduation.

A duração do curso de medicina da Universidade da República, Uruguai, foi reduzida em um ano como consequência da modificação do plano de estudos. Os alunos que pegaram o novato e o plano antigo de forma síncrona realizaram um concurso anterior a prática pré-profissional em 2015, graduando-se simultaneamente. Este trabalho investigou as possíveis derivações da adoção de um ou outro plano, como forma de obter informaçoes para a avaliação do atual plano de estudos e programas de bolsas de apoio ao estudante, a fim de projetar estratégias de melhoria. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo retrospectivo analisando desempenho, retenção e defasagem dos alunos em relação ao plano realizado, atributos sociodemográficos e utilização de bolsas. Os graduados com defasagem alcançaram resultados significativamente mais baixos do que os graduados no prazo, independentemente do plano. A defasagem foi associada ao perfil sociodemográfico. Vinte e três por cento dos egressos utilizaram bolsa durante a curso. Os bolsistas apresentavam pais com menor nível educativo e vinham em maior proporção do interior do país do que o total de diplomados. Conclui-se que: a) o desistência e a defasagem acadêmica ocorrem em ambos os planos; b) a defasagem está associado a um pior desempenho nas fases finais da curso, estando vinculado ao perfil sociodemográfico e não à realização de um ou outro plano de estudos e ao perfil sociodemográfico e não de um ou outro plano de estudos e c) as políticas institucionais de bolsas sanam parcialmente este fato, favorecendo a retenção e a graduação.

Evaluación del estado emocional de personas con diabetes mellitus en la práctica ambulatoria / Evaluation of the emotional state of people with diabetes mellitus in outpatient practice

La aparición de una enfermedad crónica, como la diabetes mellitus (DM), pone a prueba la respuesta del universo físico y psíquico de un individuo. Como objetivo general, se propone evaluar el estado emocional de las personas con DM en la consulta ambulatoria. Como objetivo particular, detectar y monitorear las necesidades psicológicas que deben formar parte integral del cuidado de la DM mediante el uso de métodos validados. El cuestionario WHO-5 se incluye como índice de bienestar general, el PAID-5 revela la existencia de una posible angustia emocional vinculada a la enfermedad, y el PHQ-9 como índice de depresión. Ante esta situación, el Comité de Aspectos Psicosociales recomienda explorar estos aspectos para optimizar el control y el tratamiento de la enfermedad, proponiendo estas herramientas para que el equipo de salud las emplee en la detección y el reconocimiento del estado emocional de las personas con DM.

Occurrence of a chronic disease, such as diabetes, prove the response of the physical and psychic universe of individuals. As a general objective, is proposed to evaluate emotional state of people with diabetes in the outpatient clinic. As principal objective, detection and monitoring the psychological needs should be a main part of diabetes care, using validated tools to evaluate this aspect. WHO-5 questionnaire is included as an index of general well-being, PAID-5, reveals the existence of a possible emotional distress linked to disease, and PHQ-9 is used as an index of depression.

Singulto persistente en dos pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2: reporte de casos y revisión de la literatura / Persistent Singult in Two Patients with SARS- CoV-2 Infection: Case Report and Literature Review

Resumen En la actual pandemia por COVID-19, se han descrito manifestaciones poco frecuentes como la rabdomiólisis y la encefalomielitis aguda. Una de las presentaciones atípicas del SARS-CoV-2, es el singulto, que son contracciones repetitivas involuntarias de los músculos intercostales y del diafragma, cuyo origen puede ser gastrointestinal, neurogénico o infeccioso por tuberculosis e influenza, entre otros. En el presente reporte se describen los casos de 2 pacientes cuyo síntoma principal para el diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue el singulto, asociado con un patrón de afección pulmonar bilateral; a propósito de los casos, se incluye una revisión en la literatura de diferentes pacientes y de los factores relacionados en cada uno.

Abstract In the current COVID-19 pandemic, unusual manifestations such as rhabdomyolysis and acute encephalomyelitis have been described. One of the atypical presentations of COVID-19 is hiccups, which are involuntary repetitive contractions of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, whose origin can be gastrointestinal, neurogenic, or infectious due to tuberculosis, influenza, among others. This report describes the cases of two patients in whom the main symptom for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, was hiccups associated with a pattern of bilateral pulmonary involvement; a review of the literature is included.

A inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no ensino superior: trajetória de implantação da comissão permanente UFRJ-Macaé acessível e inclusiva / The inclusion of person with disabilitie in higher education: trajectory of implantation of ufrj-macaé permanent commission accessible and inclusive

Objetivo: apresentar as experiências do processo de implantação até as ações recentes da Comissão Permanente UFRJ-MACAÉ Acessível e Inclusiva, da UFRJ-Campus Macaé Professor Aloísio Teixeira. Métodos: O estudo apresenta um relato de experiências vividas por membros da CPAI, no período entre o segundo semestre de 2016 e 2019. Para a estruturação deste relato, foram reunidas as memórias dos encontros, atas de reuniões da CPAI, publicações de matérias referentes a CPAI tanto na mídia impressa como digital. Resultados: Foram identificados quatro aspetos relevantes: História da consolidação das instâncias voltadas às pessoas com deficiência na UFRJ; Implantação da CPAI; Entrada dos estudantes com deficiência na UFRJ-Campus Macaé; Ações da CPAI. Considerações finais: A CPAI tem realizado ações que propiciam um frequente diálogo sobre a acessibilidade e inclusão de estudantes com deficiência, sendo relevante para a atenção a estes no âmbito do ensino superior, por muitas vezes acessível apenas para uma parcela da população com deficiência.

O cenário das ligas acadêmicas de estomaterapia no Brasil / The scenario of academic stomatherapyleagues in Brazil / El escenario de las ligas académicas de estomaterapia en Brasil

A busca pelo aprofundamento em áreas específicas tem crescido substancialmente na formação profissional, com o intuito de investigar e compartilhar conhecimentos, em conjunto com a participação ativa em atividades práticas, de modo a preservar a indissociabilidade do tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão1. Por meio dessa percepção, adotaram-se estratégias que promovessem imersão e articulação do conhecimento entre teoria e prática, mediante a criação de Ligas Acadêmicas (LA), que consistem em organizações caracterizadas por estatuto próprio, isenta de fins lucrativos, compostas por acadêmicos e orientadas por profissionais integrantes de determinadas instituições, de forma extracurricular.

The search for deepening in specific areas has grown substantially in professional training, in order to investigate and share knowledge, together with active participation in practical activities, in order to preserve the inseparability of the teaching-research-extension tripod1. Through this perception, strategies were adopted that promote immersion and articulation of knowledge between theory and practice, through the creation of Academic Leagues (AL), which consist of organizations characterized by their own statute, exempt from profit, composed of academics and oriented by professionals who are members of certain institutions, in an extracurricular manner.

Evaluación de la funcionalidad del eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-adrenal a través del test de respuesta del cortisol al despertar en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 con y sin depresión: Estudio Multicéntrico Argentino (EMA-1) / Evaluation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis using the cortisol awakening response test in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with and without depression: Multicenter Argentine Study (EMA-1)

Introducción: la depresión (DP) tiene una alta prevalencia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) y se asocia a repercusiones clínicas negativas como mayor morbimortalidad cardiovascular y complicaciones crónicas. Existen pocos estudios publicados sobre la funcionalidad del eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-adrenal (H-H-A) en DM1 con DP, y la relación entre la DP y el test de respuesta del cortisol al despertar (RCD) con el control glucémico (CG). Objetivos: analizar la funcionalidad del eje H-H-A a través de la evaluación del RCD en pacientes con DM1 (PD1) con y sin DP. Como objetivos secundarios, conocer la prevalencia de DP en PD1 y ver si existe relación entre el RCD y CG, y entre DP y CG. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, prospectivo, de corte transversal, multicéntrico, nacional. Se incluyeron PD1 mayores de 18 años; se utilizó cuestionario Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) para diagnóstico de DP. Se tomaron muestras de cortisol salival al despertar y a los 30 minutos (RCD), y se consideró RCD bloqueado si el valor de cortisol de los 30 minutos no aumentaba más del 50% del basal. Además se tomaron muestras de sangre en ayunas para medir glucemia, fructosamina y HbA1c. Resultados: se incluyeron 79 pacientes, 39% hombres, edad promedio 38±15 años, duración de la diabetes de 16±13 años; 53% casados/en pareja y 87% con ingresos económicos estables. El 68% de los PD1 presentó el RCD bloqueado. En PD1 con DP el 85% presentó el RCD bloqueado vs el 60% en los no deprimidos y dicha diferencia fue marginalmente significativa (p=0,05). La prevalencia de DP fue de 39%. No se encontró ninguna relación significativa entre RCD bloqueado y control glucémico (p>0,05). Los PD1 con DP moderada-severa presentaron un peor control glucémico en relación a los PD1 sin depresión (evaluado por glucemia mayor de 120 mg/dl, fructosamina mayor de 285 umol/l; p<0,05) y la relación no fue significativa para HbA1c aunque mostró una tendencia. Conclusiones: en pacientes con DM1 y DP se halló el RCD bloqueado en un alto porcentaje. Dado que la DP se asocia a mayor morbimortalidad cardiovascular, podría utilizarse el test de RCD como biomarcador de DP, y podría servir para estratificar esta sub-población de alto de riesgo. La depresión moderada-severa se asoció a peor control glucémico, por lo tanto, diagnosticar y tratar adecuadamente la DP en PD1 podría contribuir a prevenir la aparición o progresión de complicaciones crónicas.

Introduction: depression (DP) has a high prevalence in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and is associated with negative clinicals consequences like more cardiovascular morbimortality and chronic complications. There are few studies published about the dysregulation of hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis (H-P-A) in DM1 with DP and the relation between DP and the Cortisol Awakening Response Test (CAR) with the glycemic control (GC). Objectives: examine the functionality of the H-P-A axis using the Cortisol Awakening Response Test (CAR), in patients with DM1 (PD1) with and without DP. Determine the prevalence of DP in PD1 and examine if there is any relation between CAR and GC and DP and poorer GC. Materials and methods: observational, prospective, national, multicenter study. Patients with DM1, older than 18 years old; Patient Health-9 questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to diagnose DP and 2 samples of salivary cortisol, and blood samples for glycemia, glycated albumin and Hba1c. Results: 79 patients with DM1 (PD1) were included, 39% male, mean age 38± 15 years old, an average of 16±13 years evolution of diabetes; 53 % married/couple and 87 % have a regular incomes. 68% of PD1 presented CAR blunted. In PD1 with DP 85% has CAR blunted versus 60% in those without DP, and this difference was marginally significant (p=0.05). The prevalence of DP was 39%. No significant relation was found between CAR blunted and glycemic control (p>0.05).PD1 with Moderate-severe DP showed worse metabolic control than the PD1 without DP (evaluated by glycemia higher than 120 mg/dl, glycated albumin higher than 285 umol/l); p<0.05) and the relation was not significant with HbA1c but it showed a trend. Conclusions: patients with DM1 and DP presented a high prevalence of CAR blunted. DP is related with higher cardiovascular morbi-mortality, thus CAR would be useful as a biomarker of DP and would be used to stratify this population of high risk. DP moderate-severe was related to worse glycemic control, hence diagnose and treat correctly DP in PD1 would contribute to prevent the onset or the evolution of chronic complications.

The Influence of Spirituality and Religiosity on US Oncologists' Personal Use of and Clinical Practices Regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients frequently use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and spirituality has been associated with CAM use among patients. We evaluated how oncologists' spirituality and religiosity are associated with personal use and patient recommendations for CAM. METHODS: A survey was mailed to 1000 medical oncologists in the United States. The questionnaire asked about oncologists' approaches to CAM use by patients, focusing on the use of herbs and supplement (HS), and about religiosity and spirituality. RESULTS: Of 937 deliverable questionnaires, 392 were returned (response rate 42%). Respondents were mostly men (71%) and Caucasian (76%), with a median age of 48. Approximately 16% reported no religion, 19% Jewish, 24% Catholic, 28% Christian, and 13% other religions. Eighteen percent reported attending religious services at least once a week, including 15% who attend several times per week. Twenty-eight percent reported high theological pluralism (skepticism regarding whether one religion is comprehensively and uniquely true); 58% described themselves as moderately or very spiritual. Self-reported spirituality and religious service attendance were associated with using CAM personally and recommending HS to patients. In multivariate analyses, moderate-high spirituality and attending religious services less than monthly was positively associated with personal use of CAM: odds ratio (OR) = 3.10 (confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-6.5) and OR = 3.04 (CI = 1.5-6.6), respectively. Physicians with moderate to high spirituality were more likely to report recommending CAM in general (OR = 3.07, CI = 1.3-7.1), but less likely to report recommending HS (OR = 0.33, CI = 0.14-0.75). CONCLUSION: Self-reported spirituality is a significant factor among US oncologists' decision to use CAM and recommend CAM to patients.

Diagnosis and Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary in the Head and Neck: ASCO Guideline.

PURPOSE: To provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and other health care providers on the diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary in the head and neck (SCCUP). METHODS: The American Society of Clinical Oncology convened an Expert Panel of medical oncology, surgery, radiation oncology, radiology, pathology, and advocacy experts to conduct a literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective comparative observational studies published from 2008 through 2019. Outcomes of interest included survival, local and regional disease control, and quality of life. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS: The literature search identified 100 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. Four main clinical questions were addressed, which included subquestions on preoperative evaluations, surgical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, appropriate pathology techniques, and adjuvant therapy. RECOMMENDATIONS: Evidence-based recommendations were developed to address preoperative evaluation for patients with a neck mass, surgical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, appropriate treatment options in unilateral versus bilateral SCCUP.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines.

Tuberculosis peritoneal. Caso clínico diagnosticado por laparoscopia / Peritoneal tuberculosis. Use of laparoscopy in the diagnosis

RESUMEN Se presenta el caso de un paciente diabético de 55 años de edad internado en la sala de Medicina Interna del Hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez de Quito - Ecuador, que acude con un síndrome febril de 8 días de evolución que se prolongó durante la hospitalización a más de 35 días sin causa o foco aparente, a pesar del tratamiento antipirético, acompañado de dolor abdominal difuso, pérdida de peso (aproximadamente 8 kg en 3 meses) y ascitis. Se investigó las posibles etiologías, incluyendo pruebas de alta sensibilidad y especificidad para tuberculosis como (Cuantiferon GOLD Tb), adenosina deaminasa (ADA), que resultó falsa-negativa. El diagnóstico se confirmó mediante biopsia peritoneal de una muestra obtenida por laparoscopia exploratoria como último recurso diagnóstico. La tuberculosis peritoneal es una enfermedad que ocurre por la reactivación de los focos tuberculosos latentes en el peritoneo, debido a la diseminación hematógena, linfática o por contigüidad a un foco primario; más del 90% de los pacientes tienen ascitis en el momento de la presentación y un 10% presenta una fase "seca" más avanzada con un abdomen "pastoso" (es una forma de enfermedad fibroadhesiva).Palabras claves: tuberculosis peritoneal, ascitis, síndrome febril prolongado, biopsia peritoneal, falsos negativos en pruebas diagnósticas de tuberculosis

ABSTRACT The case of a diabetic patient of 55 years of age is presented in the internal medical room of Pablo Arturo Suarez Hospital of Quito - Ecuador, the same comes with a febril syndrome of 8 days of evolution that prolonged during the hospitalization to more of 35 days without cause or apparent focus despite the antipyretic treatment, accompanied by diffuse abdominal pain, weight loss and ascitis, where the possible etiologies were investigated, including tests of high sensitivity and specificity for tuberculosis as (quantiferon), resulting false negative, confirming the diagnosis through peritoneal biopsy of a sample obtained by exploratory laparoscopy as a last diagnostic resource. Peritoneal tuberculosis is a disease that occurs by the reactivation of latent tuberculosous focus in the peritoneum, established by hematogen, lymphatic or contiguous dissemination of a primary focus, where more than 90% of patients have ascitis at the time of presentation, and a 10% present a more advanced "dry" phase with a "pastoso" abdomen, representing a form of fibroadhesive disease.Keywords:peritoneal tuberculosis, ascites, prolonged febrile syndrome peritoneal biopsy, false negatives in diagnostic tests for tuberculosis.

La Cruz Roja, el panamericanismo y la salud en el período de entreguerras / The Red Cross, Pan-Americanism and health in the inter-war period

RESUMEN La Cruz Roja, organismo internacional originalmente organizado en Europa, provocó la formación de sociedades nacionales en distintos países latinoamericanos bajo los principios humanitarios y neutrales relacionados con el tratamiento de prisioneros en épocas de conflictos bélicos. Luego de la Primera Guerra Mundial y bajo la influencia estadounidense, se impulsaron la Liga de las Sociedades de la Cruz Roja para el diseño y aplicación de acciones sanitarias y sociales en tiempos de paz. A partir de ese impulso, en la década de 1920 y 1930, se realizaron congresos panamericanos en Buenos Aires, Washington y Río de Janeiro que dispusieron una agenda coincidente con los principios de esta organización internacional que, a su vez, permitieron unificar las élites, los organismos estatales y privados de diferentes ámbitos en pos de la intervención sobre diferentes sectores sociales.

ABSTRACT The Red Cross, an international organization originally founded in Europe, promoted in different Latin American countries the formation of national societies under the humanitarian and neutral principles in relation to the treatment of prisoners in times of armed conflicts. After the First World War and under the influence of the United States, the League of the Red Cross Societies was fostered to design and apply sanitary and social actions in times of peace. Based on that boost, different Pan-American Congresses were held in the twenties and thirties in Buenos Aires, Washington and Rio de Janeiro, which had an agenda that coincided with the principles of this international organization and, at the same time, allowed the elites and the state and private organisms of different fields to unify in pursuit of intervening in different social sectors.

Explorando las actividades diarias y la participación social: un estudio en personas con una condición de salud del aparato locomotor / Explorando atividades diárias e a participação social: um estudo com pessoas com problemas do sistema locomotor / Exploring daily activities and social participation: a study in people with a health condition of the locomotor apparatus

Resumen Introducción: Las enfermedades/lesiones del aparato locomotor son un problema de salud frecuente, producen discapacidad y disminuyen la calidad de vida. Objetivo: El objetivo principal consistió en evaluar cómo influyen las condiciones de salud del aparato locomotor sobre el desempeño de las actividades diarias. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado con una muestra de 24 personas adultas operadas recientemente por una lesión/enfermedad del aparato locomotor, en una clínica de traumatología/ortopedia de A Coruña (España). Se utilizó un cuestionario de evaluación basado en la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud. Resultados: Las actividades que realizaban con dificultad durante la lesión/enfermedad, con una frecuencia mayor, fueron las laborales o educativas (85,6%), seguidas por las transferencias, el cuidado del hogar y el ocio/tiempo libre (75%, cada una). En relación a los factores ambientales facilitadores, fue más frecuente la ayuda personal (presente en el 71,4% de las actividades estudiadas) que los productos de apoyo (utilizados en el 35,7% de actividades). Sólo encontraban barreras en el desempeño de la ducha/baño (8,3%), de tipo arquitectónico. Las lesiones/enfermedades en extremidad superior se asociaron significativamente con percibir dificultad en el vestido superior (p<0,001), alimentación (p<0,001), arreglo personal (p=0,001), preparar la comida (p=0,001) y usar dispositivos/técnicas de comunicación (p=0,037); las localizadas en extremidad inferior se relacionaron con la dificultad para la vida social/comunitaria/cívica (p=0,039). Conclusión: Las condiciones de salud del aparato locomotor comprometen seriamente el desempeño diario y la participación, por lo que es necesario desarrollar actuaciones de terapia ocupacional para promover la autonomía y calidad de vida.

Resumo Introdução: Doenças/lesões do sistema musculoesquelético são um problema de saúde frequente, pois produzem deficiência e diminuem a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar como as condições de saúde do sistema locomotor influenciam o desempenho das atividades diárias. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal, realizado com 24 adultos recentemente operados por uma lesão/doença do sistema locomotor, em uma clínica de traumatologia/ortopedia em A Coruña (Espanha). Foi utilizado um questionário de avaliação com base na Classificação Internacional de Funcionamento, Deficiência e Saúde. Resultados: As atividades realizadas com dificuldade durante a lesão/doença, com maior frequência, foram trabalho ou educação (85,6%), seguidas de transferências, cuidados domiciliares e lazer/tempo livre (75% cada). Quanto aos fatores ambientais facilitadores, a assistência pessoal foi mais frequente (presente em 71,4% das atividades estudadas) do que os produtos de suporte (utilizados em 35,7% das atividades). Os indivíduos com deficiência apenas encontraram barreiras no desempenho do chuveiro/banheiro (8,3%), de tipo arquitetônico. As lesões/doenças na extremidade superior foram significativamente associadas à dificuldade percebida no vestuário superior (p <0,001), alimentação (p <0,001), higienec pessoal (p=0,001), preparação de alimentos (p=0,001) e uso de dispositivos/técnicas de comunicação (p=0,037); aqueles localizados na extremidade inferior estavam relacionados à dificuldade de vida social/comunidade/cívica (p=0,039). Conclusão: As condições de saúde locomotora comprometem seriamente o desempenho e a participação diária, pelo que é necessário desenvolver atividades de terapia ocupacional para promover a autonomia e a qualidade de vida.

Abstract Introduction: Diseases/injuries of the musculoskeletal system are a frequent health problem, produce disability and diminish quality of life. Objective: The main objective was to evaluate how the health conditions of the locomotor system influence the performance of daily activities. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out with a sample of 24 adults recently operated for an injury/disease of the locomotor system, in a traumatology/orthopedics clinic in A Coruña (Spain). An evaluation questionnaire based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health was used. Results: The activities performed with difficulty during the injury/illness with a higher frequency were work or education (85.6%), followed by transfers, domestic tasks and leisure/free time (75%, each). Regarding the facilitating environmental factors, personal assistance was more frequent (present in 71.4% of the activities studied) than the assistive products (used in 35.7% of activities). They only found barriers in the performance of the bathing/showering activity (8.3%), of architectural type. Injuries/diseases in the upper extremity were significantly associated with perceived difficulty in upper dressing (p <0.001), feeding (p <0.001), grooming (p=0.001), preparing food (p=0.001) and using devices/communication techniques (p=0.037); those located in the lower extremity were related to the difficulty for social/community/civic life (p=0.039). Conclusion: Locomotor health conditions seriously compromise daily performance and participation, so it is necessary to develop occupational therapy interventions to promote autonomy and quality of life.

A construção e validação de um aplicativo de Enfermagem de reabilitação voltado a pessoas com lesão medular e seus cuidadores sobre prevenção e tratamento de lesões por pressão / The construction and validation of an application of rehabilitation for people with spinal cord injury and their caregivers on prevention and treatment of pressure injuries

O objeto centra-se na construção compartilhada junto à pessoa com lesão medular e seus cuidadores de um aplicativo como material educativo cuidadores sobre prevenção e tratamento das lesões por pressão e sua validação. O objetivo geral compreende em desenvolver uma tecnologia de informação junto a pessoa com lesão medular e seus cuidadores por meio de um aplicativo como material educativo voltado a prevenção e tratamento das lesões por pressão. Os objetivos específicos consistem em construir e validar um aplicativo como material educativo com orientações para pessoas com lesão medular e seus cuidadores sobre as medidas preventivas e tratamento das lesões por pressão. Aplicaram-se os conceitos de Freire e Orem sobre a valorização e conhecimento da realidade do indivíduo e a horizontalidade do diálogo para identificação da demanda terapêutica de cada um, além da aplicabilidade dos requisitos de autocuidado no desvio à saúde. Pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem convergenteassistencial na elaboração do aplicativo. Depois de sua construção, foi utilizada a Técnica Delphi para validação e após, foi realizada a avaliação junto aos participantes do estudo. Foram entrevistadas 19 pessoas com lesão medular, sendo 02 tetraplégicas e 11 paraplégicas, bem como 06 cuidadores, captadas pela Técnica Bola de Neve. O cenário escolhido para a realização desta pesquisa foram os domicílios de pessoas cadastradas nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família da cidade de Macaé, Rio de Janeiro. As fases de desenvolvimento da pesquisa consistiram em entrevistas individuais com problematização dos cuidados concernentes à prevenção e tratamento das lesões por pressão bem como elaboração de um processo de cuidado voltado às suas reais necessidades. De acordo com as informações, foi elaborado o aplicativo. Após, seguiuse para o processo de validação e avaliação. Ao corpus de dados aplicou-se a análise temática de conteúdo. Identificou-se questões que interferem diretamente no cuidado como a necessidade da Rede de Cuidados à pessoa com Deficiência, essencial em todo este processo para a promoção da autonomia e qualidade de vida da pessoa com lesão medular. Desta forma, foi realizado o cuidado educativo, utilizando a educação em saúde como estratégia de cuidado. Assim, identificou-se também que os participantes acumulavam saberes, que eram constantemente compartilhados com outras pessoas nas mesmas condições que devem ser valorizados e, através do diálogo o profissional pode acrescentar o saber científico. Os participantes foram levados a refletir, sendo mobilizados a conhecer o que não sabiam. A tecnologia da informação criada nesta tese é uma ferramenta de fácil uso, auxiliando no cuidado e tem a acessibilidade disponível, uma vez que o uso de celulares é muito frequente nos dias atuais, com a informação chegando cada vez mais rápido. Ainda, foram abarcadas questões além das lesões por pressão. Participaram da validação do material, 21 enfermeiros. O grau de concordância do aplicativo foi de 91,7%. O aplicativo foi avaliado como um recurso positivo e importante pelos participantes do estudo a ser disseminado para outras pessoas.(AU)

The object focuses on the shared construction next to the person with spinal cord injury and their caregivers of an application as educational material caregivers on prevention and treatment of pressure injuries and their validation. The general objective is to develop an information technology for the person with spinal cord injury and their caregivers of an application as an educational material for the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries. The specific objectives are to build and validate an application as educational material with guidelines for people with spinal cord injury and their caregivers on preventive measures and treatment of pressure injuries. The concepts of Freire and Orem were applied on the valuation and knowledge of the reality of the individual and the horizontality of the dialogue to identify the therapeutic demand of each one, besides the applicability of the requirements of self-care in the deviation to health. Qualitative research of convergent-assistance approach in the elaboration of the application. After its construction, the Delphi Technique was used for validation with the expertises and after, the evaluation was carried out with the study participants. We interviewed 19 people with spinal cord injury, being two quadriplegic and 11 paraplegic, as well as 06 caregivers, captured by the Snowball Technique. The scenario chosen for this research was the households of people enrolled in the Family Health Strategies of the city of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro. The development phases of the research consisted of individual interviews with problematization of care concerning the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries as well as elaboration of a care process focused on their real needs. According to the information, the application was prepared. Afterwards, we proceeded to the validation and evaluation process. The content analysis was applied to the data corpus. We identified issues that directly interfere with care as the need for the Disabled Care Network, essential in this whole process to promote the autonomy and quality of life of the person with spinal cord injury. In this way, educational care was carried out, using health education as a care strategy. Thus, it was also identified that participants accumulated knowledge, which were constantly shared with other people under the same conditions that should be valued and through dialogue the professional can add scientific knowledge. The participants were led to reflect, being mobilized to know what they did not know. The information technology created in this thesis is an easy-to-use tool, aiding in the care and accessibility available, since the use of cell phones is very frequent in the present day, with the information arriving faster and faster. In addition, questions were raised in addition to pressure injuries. Twentyone nurses participated in the validation of the material. The degree of agreement of the application was 91.7%. The application was rated as a positive and important resource by study participants to be disseminated to others.(AU)