RESUMO
Sheep were immunized against Visna/Maedi virus (VMV) gag and/or env genes via the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and lung using polyethylenimine (PEI)-DNA complexes and modified vaccinia Ankara, and challenged with live virus via the lung. env immunization enhanced humoral responses prior to but not after VMV challenge. Systemic T cell proliferative and cytotoxic responses were generally low, with the responses following single gag gene immunization being significantly depressed after challenge. A transient reduction in provirus load in the blood early after challenge was observed following env immunization, whilst the gag gene either alone or in combination with env resulted in significantly elevated provirus loads in lung. However, despite this, a significant reduction in lesion score was observed in animals immunized with the single gag gene at post-mortem. Inclusion of IFN-gamma in the immunization mixture in general had no significant effects. The results thus showed that protective effects against VMV-induced lesions can be induced following respiratory immunization with the single gag gene, though this was accompanied by an increased pulmonary provirus load.
Assuntos
Produtos do Gene env/imunologia , Produtos do Gene pol/imunologia , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Vacinas de DNA/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Vírus Visna-Maedi/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Proliferação de Células , Testes Imunológicos de Citotoxicidade , Feminino , Produtos do Gene env/genética , Produtos do Gene pol/genética , Vetores Genéticos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Pulmão/imunologia , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/virologia , Masculino , Nasofaringe/imunologia , Provírus/isolamento & purificação , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ovinos , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia , Vacinas de DNA/administração & dosagem , Vaccinia virus/genética , Carga Viral , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Forty-seven patients with acute Allman type-III acromioclavicular dislocations were treated with open reduction and coracoacromial ligament transfer. At follow-up 1.6-10 years (mean 6) post-operatively 44 patients (94%) had excellent or good functional results. Two of the three patients with unsatisfactory results had degenerative joint changes. No late dislocation was found but there were three subluxations (3-5 mm). Two of the three patients with subluxation in the acromioclavicular joint at follow-up had unsatisfactory results. Complications were infrequent and cosmetic results satisfactory.