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1.
Clin Transl Oncol ; 23(9): 1794-1800, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33730312

RESUMO

AIM: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are essential tools in radiation oncology. In Spain, the use of these techniques continues to grow as older linear accelerators (linacs) are replaced with modern equipment. However, little is known about inter-centre variability in prescription and dose heterogeneity limits. Consequently, the SBRT-Spanish Task Group (SBRT-SG) of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR) has undertaken an initiative to assess prescription and homogeneity in SRS/SBRT treatment. In the present study, we surveyed radiation oncology (RO) departments to obtain a realistic overview of prescription methods used for SBRT and SRS treatment in Spain. METHODS: A brief survey was developed and sent to 34 RO departments in Spain, mostly those who are members of the SEOR SBRT-SG. The survey contained seven questions about the specific prescription mode, dose distribution heterogeneity limits, prescription strategies according to SRS/SBRT type, and the use of IMRT-VMAT (Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy-Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy). RESULTS: Responses were received from 29 centres. Most centres (59%) used the prescription criteria D95% ≥ 100%. Accepted dose heterogeneity was wide, ranging from 107 to 200%. Most centres used IMRT-VMAT (93%). CONCLUSIONS: This survey about SRS/SBRT prescription and dose heterogeneity has evidenced substantial inter-centre variability in prescription criteria, particularly for intended and accepted dose heterogeneity. These differences could potentially influence the mean planning target volume dose and its correlation with treatment outcomes. The findings presented here will be used by the SEOR SBRT-SG to develop recommendations for SRS/SBRT dose prescription and heterogeneity.


Assuntos
Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Radioterapia (Especialidade)/normas , Radiocirurgia/métodos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica/normas , Humanos , Prescrições/normas , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/estatística & dados numéricos , Sociedades Médicas , Espanha
2.
J Hum Nutr Diet ; 32(4): 468-479, 2019 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30663156

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The influence of nutrition on breast cancer prognosis is still inconclusive and therefore dietary interventions incorporating dietary biomarkers are needed to confirm compliance with dietary goals and clarify biological mechanisms. The present study assessed whether a lifestyle intervention in breast cancer survivors could affect dietary biomarkers of fruit and vegetables and fatty acids. METHODS: In this phase II single-arm trial, 37 overweight/obese early stage breast cancer patients completed a 12-week diet and exercise intervention. The intervention involved 1-h weekly diet sessions delivered by a dietician and 75-min bi-weekly physical activity sessions of moderate-to-high intensity led by trained monitors. Before and after the intervention, three 24-h dietary recalls were carried out to calculate nutrient intakes and, in addition, blood samples were taken to measure plasma carotenoids, vitamin E and retinol concentrations and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid (EFA) composition. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to assess changes in dietary and biomarkers measurements over the intervention period. RESULTS: After the intervention, there was a significant increase in the intake of dietary carotenoids (+15.1% compared to baseline) but not plasma carotenoids levels (+6.3%). Regarding the EFA levels, we observed a significant decrease in percentage of saturated fatty acids (-1.4%) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-2.9%) and an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids (1.7%) and total and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (by 13.1% and 13.7%, respectively). A favourable decrease in the ratio of long-chain n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-9.1%) was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: After a short-term diet and exercise intervention in overweight/obese breast cancer survivors, we observed significant changes in dietary nutrients and fatty acid biomarkers, suggesting positive dietary changes that could be relevant for breast cancer prognosis.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/sangue , Carotenoides/sangue , Dieta/métodos , Membrana Eritrocítica/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Estilo de Vida , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Sobreviventes de Câncer/psicologia , Dieta/psicologia , Ingestão de Energia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/terapia , Sobrepeso/sangue , Sobrepeso/complicações , Sobrepeso/terapia , Cooperação do Paciente , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
3.
Ann Oncol ; 29(suppl_2): ii1-ii9, 2018 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29506228

RESUMO

Body composition, defined as the proportions and distribution of lean and fat tissues in the human body, is an emergent theme in clinical oncology. Severe muscle depletion (sarcopenia) is most easily overlooked in obese patients; the advent of secondary analysis of oncologic images provides a precise and specific assessment of sarcopenia. Here, we review the definitions, prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in medical and surgical oncology. Reported prevalence of SO varies due to the heterogeneity in the definitions and the variability in the cut points used to define low muscle mass and high fat mass. Prevalence of SO in advanced solid tumor patient populations average 9% (range 2.3%-14.6%) overall, and one in four (24.7%, range 5.9%-39.2%) patients with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 are sarcopenic. SO is independently associated with higher mortality and higher rate of complications in systemic and surgical cancer treatment, across multiple cancer sites and treatment plans. These associations remain unexplained, however, it has been hypothesized that patients with sarcopenia are generally unfit and unable to tolerate stress. Another proposed mechanism relates to increased exposure to antineoplastic therapy, i.e. a large fat mass would be expected to inflate drug dose in BSA-based treatments, causing an increased rate of dose-limiting toxicity. Pharmacokinetic data are needed to confirm or refute this hypothesis. Old age, deconditioning, cancer progression, acute or chronic nonmalignant disease and drug side-effects are suggested causes of muscle loss, and it is unknown the degree to which this can be reversed. Sarcopenia can be readily detected before start of cancer treatment, however, clinical management protocols for SO patients require development. Studies of cancer treatment dose-modulation are in progress.


Assuntos
Neoplasias/terapia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Composição Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Composição Corporal/efeitos da radiação , Índice de Massa Corporal , Quimiorradioterapia/efeitos adversos , Quimiorradioterapia/métodos , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos da radiação , Terapia Neoadjuvante/efeitos adversos , Terapia Neoadjuvante/métodos , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Obesidade/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Prevalência , Sarcopenia/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/efeitos adversos , Análise de Sobrevida
4.
Ann Oncol ; 29 Suppl 2: ii1-ii9, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32169202

RESUMO

Body composition, defined as the proportions and distribution of lean and fat tissues in the human body, is an emergent theme in clinical oncology. Severe muscle depletion (sarcopenia) is most easily overlooked in obese patients; the advent of secondary analysis of oncologic images provides a precise and specific assessment of sarcopenia. Here, we review the definitions, prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in medical and surgical oncology. Reported prevalence of SO varies due to the heterogeneity in the definitions and the variability in the cut points used to define low muscle mass and high fat mass. Prevalence of SO in advanced solid tumor patient populations average 9% (range 2.3%-14.6%) overall, and one in four (24.7%, range 5.9%-39.2%) patients with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 are sarcopenic. SO is independently associated with higher mortality and higher rate of complications in systemic and surgical cancer treatment, across multiple cancer sites and treatment plans. These associations remain unexplained, however, it has been hypothesized that patients with sarcopenia are generally unfit and unable to tolerate stress. Another proposed mechanism relates to increased exposure to antineoplastic therapy, i.e. a large fat mass would be expected to inflate drug dose in BSA-based treatments, causing an increased rate of dose-limiting toxicity. Pharmacokinetic data are needed to confirm or refute this hypothesis. Old age, deconditioning, cancer progression, acute or chronic nonmalignant disease and drug side-effects are suggested causes of muscle loss, and it is unknown the degree to which this can be reversed. Sarcopenia can be readily detected before start of cancer treatment, however, clinical management protocols for SO patients require development. Studies of cancer treatment dose-modulation are in progress.

5.
Actas Urol Esp ; 41(10): 646-651, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28739142

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: There is growing interest in the use of more aggressive therapeutic modalities for treating metastatic prostate cancer. In this study, we examine the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with oligorecurrent prostate cancer. We analysed the biochemical response and toxicity of patients who underwent this therapy at our centre. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We selected patients who experienced oligorecurrence between January 2015 to December 2016 and were administered SBRT. The association of androgen deprivation (AD) was left in each case to the decision of the tumour committee. We describe the clinical situation at diagnosis of oligorecurrence, the treatment administered and the biochemical response. We considered a biochemical response to be a 50% reduction in the absolute prostate-specific antigen (PSA) readings. RESULTS: SBRT was administered to 11 patients with bone (82%) and/or lymph node oligometastasis (18%). The treatment regimen for bone oligometastasis was 27Gy divided into 3 sessions, while the treatment for lymph node oligometastasis reached 70Gy. Seven patients had no treatment at the time of diagnosis, 2 were in the castration-resistant phase, 1 patient was in the off phase of intermittent AD, and 1 patient had adjuvant AD for pN1. Seven patients presented a biochemical response with a PSA reduction of 75-100%. The response was not assessable in 4 patients due to the continuing adjuvant AD. With a mean follow-up of 10.5 months, only 2 patients had progressed. Grade 1 gastrointestinal toxicity was detected in only 1 patient. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the use of SBRT in carefully selected patients with metastatic oligorecurrence of prostate cancer can achieve biochemical response and potentially delay progression and the use of systemic treatments.


Assuntos
Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/sangue , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Radiocirurgia/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Oral Oncol ; 71: 67-74, 2017 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28688694

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate changes in body composition and nutritional status that occur throughout the oncological treatment in head and neck cancer patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort observational study in patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) that underwent treatment with induction chemotherapy (iCT) followed by chemoradiotherapy or bioradiotherapy were invited to participate. All patients had dietetic counseling from the diagnosis and a close monitoring throughout the treatment implementing nutritional support as needed. RESULTS: From June 2011 until October 2012, 20 patients were included. Nutritional and anthropometric parameters were collected at diagnosis, post iCT, after radiotherapy, 1 and 3months post radiotherapy. According to Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment, 30% of patients were malnourished at diagnosis. After iCT there was an increase in weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat free mass (FFM) with almost complete improvement in dysphagia and odynophagia. Nevertheless a significant nutritional deterioration (p=0.0022) occurred at the end of radiotherapy with 95% of patients becoming severe or moderate malnourished. Nutritional parameters such as weight, BMI and hand grip strength also decrease significantly during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an intensive nutritional support from the diagnosis throughout the oncological treatment in advanced HNSCC cancer patients, nutritional status deteriorates during radiotherapy. Our findings suggest that iCT may help improve nutritional status by ameliorating the symptoms that limit the oral intake. This improvement in the nutritional status could contribute to minimize further deterioration. Further investigations are needed involving novel approaches to avoid nutritional deterioration.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/fisiopatologia , Quimiorradioterapia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/fisiopatologia , Estado Nutricional , Índice de Massa Corporal , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Humanos , Quimioterapia de Indução , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço
8.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 91(3): 108-13, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26743186

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anesthetic block provided by contact topical anesthesia (CTA) in strabismus surgery in adult patients. To analyze postoperative pain and surgical outcome obtained by CTA compared with general anesthesia (GA). METHODOLOGY: Prospective longitudinal cohort study of adult patients undergoing strabismus surgery by CTA or GA. The intensity of pain perceived by patients during the course of surgery and in the postoperative period was measured using Numerical Pain Scale. The success of the surgical outcome, considered as a residual ocular deviation<10 prism diopters, was evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were operated using CTA and 26 using AG. During the course of surgery, pain intensity experienced by patients in ATC group was 3.17±2.44. There were no differences between CTA group and AG group in the intensity of pain in the immediate postoperative period (2.13±2.39 vs. 2.77±2.18, respectively; P=.510) and during the first postoperative day (3.22±2.84 vs. 3.17±2.73; P=.923). Surgical success was significantly higher in the CTA group than in the GA group (78.3 vs. 73.1%; P=.019). CONCLUSIONS: CTA provides adequate sensory block to perform strabismus surgery. The control of postoperative pain is similar to that obtained with AG. Conservation of ocular motility providing CTA enables better surgical outcome.


Assuntos
Anestesia Geral , Anestesia Local , Dor Pós-Operatória , Estrabismo/cirurgia , Adulto , Anestésicos Locais , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos
9.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 62(5): 265-9, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25217143

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness and usefulness of contact topical anesthesia in strabismus surgery in adult patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 20 patients undergoing strabismus surgery using contact topical anesthesia and sedation with remifentanil. The intensity of pain was recorded using a numeric pain rating scale at the time of anesthesia implementation, during the surgical procedure, 30 min afterwards, and during the first postoperative day. The incidence of oculocardiac reflex, postoperative nausea and vomiting, corneal ulcers, patient satisfaction (numerically from 0 to 10) and the degree of residual ocular deviation were also assessed. RESULTS: The operation was performed successfully in all patients. Average pain intensity was 1.40 ± 1.73 during anesthesia implementation, 4.20 ± 2.57 during the surgical procedure, 2.50 ± 2.54 30 min after surgery, and 3.55 ± 2.89 during the first postoperative day. Oculocardiac reflex was observed in 7 patients (35%), postoperative nausea and vomiting in 4 (20%), and corneal ulcer in 4 (20%). The patient satisfaction was 9.53 ± 2.51. More than two-thirds (70%) of patients had a residual ocular deviation less than 10 prism diopters. CONCLUSIONS: Contact topical anesthesia is a safe and effective alternative for strabismus surgery in adult patients. Contact topical anesthesia provides adequate pain control, lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and oculocardiac reflex, and optimal setting of ocular alignment.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Estrabismo/cirurgia , Administração Oftálmica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bupivacaína/administração & dosagem , Sedação Consciente , Úlcera da Córnea/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Satisfação do Paciente , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/epidemiologia , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Reflexo Oculocardíaco , Remifentanil , Estrabismo/complicações , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
10.
Med Oncol ; 31(1): 783, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24310809

RESUMO

Energy restriction from a low-calorie diet and increased energy expenditure induced by physical activity (PA) could promote weight loss/maintenance and be important determinants of breast cancer (BC) prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess participation and adherence of overweight and obese BC survivors to a lifestyle intervention and to demonstrate the capacity of this intervention to induce weight loss and nutritional changes. This single-arm pre-post study, which involved one-hourly weekly diet sessions delivered by a dietician and 75-min bi-weekly PA sessions of moderate-to-high intensity led by PA monitors, was offered to overweight and obese BC survivors shortly after treatment. Before and after the intervention, anthropometry, dietary information, quality of life (QoL) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were collected. A total of 112 BC survivors were invited to participate: 42 of them started the intervention and 37 completed it. Participants attended more than 90 % of the sessions offered and showed a significant weight loss of 5.6 ± 2.0 kg, as well as significant decreases in body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. Significant decreases in total energy (-25 %), fat (-35 %), saturated fat (-37 %) and carbohydrate (-21 %) intakes were observed while QoL and CRF showed significant increases. This feasibility study demonstrated the success of a short-term diet and PA intervention to induce weight loss and promote healthful changes in BC survivors. Assessing the long-term effects of these changes, and in particular their possible impact of BC prognosis, and designing interventions reaching a wider number of BC survivors are still issues to be addressed.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/fisiopatologia , Dieta , Terapia por Exercício , Obesidade/complicações , Sobrepeso , Adulto , Idoso , Antropometria , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Sistema Cardiovascular , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ciências da Nutrição , Obesidade/terapia , Cooperação do Paciente , Prognóstico , Qualidade de Vida , Sobreviventes , Programas de Redução de Peso
12.
Nutr Hosp ; 28(1): 155-63, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23808444

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is a validated tool for nutrition evaluation in patients with cancer. AIM: The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in head and neck cancer patients at diagnosis and evaluate the independent prognostic factors for malnutrition from PG-SGA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All outpatients attending at the Head and Neck Cancer Multidisciplinary Meeting for primary diagnosis, staging and treatment were evaluated by an oncology dietitian using the patient generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA). Patients with recurrences or secondary tumours will be excluded. RESULTS: 64 patients were evaluated (55 men and 9 women) with an average age of 63 years and body mass index (BMI) of 25.3 kg/m(2) (SD ± 5.18). After the nutritional assessment we observed that 43.8% of patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. The most frequent symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia (48.4%) and anorexia (26.6%). From PG-SGA, the main prognostic factors (p<0,001) were the percentage of weight loss, serum albumin levels, BMI and the presence of dysphagia or/and anorexia prior diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Parameters as BMI, weight loss and low albumin levels at the time of diagnosis in head and neck cancer patients are independent predictors for malnutrition as well as the presence of anorexia or dysphagia.reaffirms the need for sustainability of interventions over time.


Introducción: La valoración global subjetiva generada por el paciente (VGS-GP) es una herramienta validada para la valoración nutricional de los pacientes oncológicos. Objetivo: El objetivo de nuestro estudio es conocer la prevalencia de desnutrición de los pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello en el momento del diagnóstico y evaluar los factores pronósticos independientes de desnutrición a partir de la VGS-GP. Material y métodos: Todos los pacientes ambulatorios que fueron evaluados por el Comité de Tumores de Cabeza y Cuello para diagnóstico primario, estadiaje y decisión terapéutica fueron evaluados a través de la VGSGP. Se excluyeron recidivas tumorales y segundas neoplasias. Resultados: Se evaluaron 64 pacientes (55 hombres y 9 mujeres) con una edad media de 63 2013s y un índice de masa corporal (IMC) de 25,3 kg/m2. Después de realizar la VGS-GP se observó que el 43,8% presentaban desnutrición o riesgo de padecerla. Los síntomas más frecuentes en el momento del diagnóstico fueron la disfagia (48,4%) y la anorexia (26.6%). Dentro de la VGS-GP, los principales factores pronósticos (p<0,001) fueron el porcentaje de pérdida de peso, los niveles de albúmina, el valor del IMC y la presencia de disfagia y/o anorexia. Conclusiones: Parámetros como el IMC, la pérdida de peso y las cifras de albúmina en el momento del diagnóstico de cáncer de cabeza y cuello, son factores predictivos independientes para el diagnóstico de desnutrición, así como la presencia de anorexia o disfagia.


Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/complicações , Desnutrição/etiologia , Anorexia/etiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Nutricional , Prognóstico , Redução de Peso
14.
Actas Urol Esp ; 35(6): 339-44, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21481974

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: We review the experience with prostate carcinoma patients treated with permanent implants of 125-I seeds and the outcome eight years after the beginning of this technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 2002 to 2007 we have performed 250 implants with LDR brachytherapy with RapidStrand(®) and preplanning system. Mean age was 68 (49-78). Mean PSA was 7.32 (2.31 - 14.6). T1-T2a was the stage in 98%, and Gleason ≤ 6 in 96%. Low risk cases were 81% and intermediate risk 19% (ten of them received 46 Gy EBRT). Hormonal treatment was used in 42%. RESULTS: With a mean follow-up of 48 months, 14 patients (5.7%) showed biochemical failure (BF). Eleven patients (4.5%) with theoretical BF were observed and PSA decreased without treatment. Actuarial PSA relapse-free survival at 5 years was 91%, (92% low risk, 86% intermediate cases), and 92% vs 81% with PSA <10 vs >10 (p<0.05). Rectum complications were G2 in 0.6%. A urinary catheter was necessary in 6.5%. Sexual function was conserved in 60%. Mean V100 was 89% and D90 143 Gy. CONCLUSION: The outcome of patients with low risk prostate carcinoma treated with I-125 seed is very good with very low complications rate. Cases with PSA bounces should be controlled before starting a salvage treatment.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Braquiterapia , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador , Adenocarcinoma/sangue , Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Anilidas/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Sistemas Computacionais , Humanos , Radioisótopos do Iodo/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nitrilas/uso terapêutico , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Radiografia Intervencionista , Estudos Retrospectivos , Compostos de Tosil/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
15.
Br J Ophthalmol ; 95(10): 1393-6, 2011 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21242584

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To compare the efficacy, cosmesis and tolerance of two non-surgical treatments-imiquimod (IMQ) 5% cream and radiotherapy (RT)-to combat periocular nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC). METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with clinical and histopathological diagnosis of nodular BCC on the eyelid were included and randomly selected: 15 patients were treated with IMQ 5% cream once daily, 5 days/week for 6 weeks, and 12 patients were treated with RT. RESULTS: All tumours showed histopathological remission within 3 months of the treatment, and sustained clinical remission was documented in each patient after 24 months' follow-up. Treatment tolerability was rated as moderate with IMQ and good with RT. Functional results were better in patients treated with IMQ. Loss of eyelashes was reported for most of the patients treated with RT. CONCLUSIONS: IMQ and RT therapies are effective for treating eyelid nodular BCCs. Cosmesis and functional results were better with IMQ, while tolerability was higher with RT.


Assuntos
Aminoquinolinas/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Basocelular/radioterapia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Palpebrais/radioterapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aminoquinolinas/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imiquimode , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Indução de Remissão , Resultado do Tratamento
16.
J Chromatogr A ; 1217(43): 6778-84, 2010 Oct 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20655538

RESUMO

In the present paper, we have developed a capillary liquid chromatography with MS detection for the determination at ngg⁻¹ levels of four heterocyclic aromatic amines (MeIQx, norharman, harman and harmine), a group of mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds that can potentially be produced in protein-rich food during processing operations. They have been determined in commercial ready-to-eat (RTE) smoked salmon and soft cheese treated with E-beam irradiation. On the basis of experimental design studies and operating conditions of MS detector, best chromatographic conditions were obtained using a Luna® C¹8 capillary column (150 mm × 0.3 mm I.D.) with a mixture of acetonitrile-ammonium formate 5 mM pH 3.6 buffer (13:87, v/v) as mobile phase. To improve sensitivity, large injection volumes (20 µL) and injection solutions of low elution strength were employed. Sample preparation procedure included a previous treatment with 1M NaOH, followed by two solid-phase extraction steps; firstly on diatomaceous earth and then on mixed-mode cartridges. Heterocyclic amines were detected neither in irradiated and in non-irradiated samples, indicating that they were not formed by the radiation effect even at doses higher than those indicated in the Food Safety Objective established by regulatory agencies. RTE food samples were spiked at concentration levels in the range 10-30 ngg⁻¹. Recoveries higher than 85% (n=3 for each spiked level) were obtained, showing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.


Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Análise de Alimentos/métodos , Irradiação de Alimentos , Harmina/análogos & derivados , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Quinoxalinas/análise , Acetonitrilas , Animais , Queijo/análise , Harmina/análise , Modelos Lineares , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Salmão , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
17.
Clin Transl Oncol ; 10(6): 359-66, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18558583

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate the toxicity of low-dose-rate brachytherapy and to relate it to the dose-volume to organs at risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We study 160 patients with early prostate cancer, treated with (125)-I implants. Most of them were T1c (63.1%), T2a (35.6%) and Gleason < or =6 (96.2%). Median PSA was 7.2 ng/ml (2.3-13.5); 85.6% were lowrisk cases and 14.4% high-risk cases. Mean follow-up was 24 months (7-48). RESULTS: Acute urinary toxicity related to urological quality of life (UQL=CVU) was tolerable in 75% and unsatisfactory in 25%. Urinary retention was present in 6.9%. IPSS, V100 and D90 were related to the urinary toxicity grade. Rectal toxicity (RTOG) G2 was 0.6%. Sexual potency showed no changes with regard to the basal in 69%. Actuarial biochemical control was 89.8% at four years. CONCLUSIONS: Brachytherapy with (125)-I seeds yields acceptable toxicity and excellent biochemical control.


Assuntos
Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Antígeno Prostático Específico/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Transtornos Urinários/etiologia , Idoso , Humanos , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/epidemiologia , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/etiologia , Sistema Urinário/efeitos da radiação , Transtornos Urinários/epidemiologia
18.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 391(4): 1433-42, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18239910

RESUMO

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAs) are a group of mutagenic and carcinogenic substances present in significant amounts in cooked meat and fish that can potentially be formed during food processing operations. This paper proposes a capillary liquid chromatography method with diode array detection for the trace-level determination of three HAs, namely, MeIQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline), norharman (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) and harman (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole), in ready-to-eat (RTE) cooked ham processed by electron-beam (accelerated electrons) irradiation to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and to extend its shelf-life. The HAs selected have frequently been detected and quantified in a wide range of food and could be potential markers to indicate the presence of these toxic compounds. The method is based on the separation in an Inertsil C(8) capillary column (150 mm x 0.3-mm internal diameter, 3 microm) by gradient elution mode using a mixture of acetonitrile and 30 mM ammonium acetate pH 4.5 buffer as the mobile phase. Detection was at 250 and 265 nm and, to improve sensitivity, large injection volumes (20 microL) and on-column focusing techniques based on the injection of HA samples in low organic solvent strength solutions were employed. A simple and short solid-phase extraction and purification procedure was also optimized for sample preparation. Nonirradiated and irradiated RTE cooked ham samples at doses between 1 and 8 kGy were analyzed. HAs were not detected in any of the samples analyzed; so both types of samples were spiked at concentration levels in the range 5-25 ng g(-1), which may be found in meat products. The quality parameters of the method developed in the food matrix were established, and detection limits around 0.3 ng g(-1) were obtained. Spiked recoveries between 70 and 79% (n = 3 for each spiked level) relative standard deviations between 1 and 5% were also obtained, showing the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Assuntos
Aminas/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Culinária , Elétrons , Compostos Heterocíclicos/análise , Lasers Semicondutores , Carne/análise , Aminas/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Estrutura Molecular , Soluções
20.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 51(8): 691-6, 2000.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11270103

RESUMO

This was a retrospective study of 98 patients (pts.) with histologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The clinico-demographic characteristics were: median age of 53 years (11-83); 74 males and 24 females (ratio 3:1); histology subtype OMS 2-3 in 89 pts. (90.8%); cranial nerve deficits in 11 pts. (11.2%); 50 (51%) were stage T3T4; 68 pts. (69.4%) N2N3 and 77 pts. (78.6%) stage IV. The therapeutic modalities were: radical radiotherapy (RT) alone in 42 pts., chemotherapy (CT) alone in 4 pts., RT + adjuvant CT in 10 pts. and neoadjuvant CT + RT in 42 pts. RT was delivered in wide fields, doses between 50-75 Gy with conventional fractionation. CT consisted in cisplatinum-based schedules (PF in 34 pts., BEC in 9 and others in 13 pts.). Analyzed by treatment, more males and stages N2N3 and IV were accrued in neoCT + RT arm (p < or = 0.05). For the entire population, the overall complete response was achieved in 65 pts. (66.3%); in 27/35 pts. (77.1%) of the RT group and 30/51 pts. (58.8%) of CT + RT group (p 0.07) of pts. with III-IV stages. With a median follow-up of 74.5 months, 32 pts. (32.65%) are alive and free of disease. The projected OS for all pts. was 40 months (m), 51.4% at 3 years (y) and 45.5% at 5 y with a disease free survival of 37 m (0-236). No differences between treatment arms were found (p 0.4). In univariant analysis for OS in stage III-IV pts., age > 50 y, histology OMS1, cranial nerve deficits, stage T3T4 and N2N3, were considered adverse prognostic factors (p < or = 0.05). In multivariant analysis, only age > 50 y and stages T3-T4, N2-N3 were significant (p < or = 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated good long term survival without any differences among treatment modalities in pts. with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas. New therapeutic approaches are warranted in order to improve the outcome of this patients.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Criança , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida
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