Computational fluid dynamics analysis on endoscopy of main left coronary artery: An application of applied mathematics.

The endoscopy of a coronary arterial segment having a symmetric emergence of plaque at its innermost region is numerically modeled via computational fluid dynamics toolbox Open-FOAM. The considered left coronary artery for this model has a radius of 2 mm and span of 10 mm. The formation of plaque inside the artery that is a stenosis has length 2 mm and height 0.82 mm. The catheter used for this analysis has a diameter of 1 mm with a balloon over it with a height of 0.53 mm. The blood flow rate considered for this analysis has a range 2.00 ml/s to 2.50 ml/s. The fluid under consideration for this endoscopy review is the non-Newtonian Casson model. The mesh illustrations are arranged for the proposed model with numerical simulations of velocity, pressure profile and streamlines. The narrow channel formed due to assembly of stenosis and balloon over catheter inside this arterial segment has developed some swirling flow profile with turbulence effects just after the flow leaves the stenosis plus balloon region. Although this disturbance caused due to narrowing of channel has made the flow slightly turbulent, the flow eventually leaves the arterial segment again as a laminar flow. To cure coronary artery disease, catheterization, and balloon dilation of stenosed arteries is performed to locate the position and shape of stenosis. A catheter is inserted inside the body through a minor cut and then it is moved inside arteries to place it exactly at the stenosis location. A balloon is placed at front of that catheter and the stenosed region can be opened wide by using balloon dilation.

Comparative study of some non-Newtonian nanofluid models across stretching sheet: a case of linear radiation and activation energy effects.

The use of renewable energy sources is leading the charge to solve the world's energy problems, and non-Newtonian nanofluid dynamics play a significant role in applications such as expanding solar sheets, which are examined in this paper, along with the impacts of activation energy and solar radiation. We solve physical flow issues using partial differential equations and models like Casson, Williamson, and Prandtl. To get numerical solutions, we first apply a transformation to make these equations ordinary differential equations, and then we use the MATLAB-integrated bvp4c methodology. Through the examination of dimensionless velocity, concentration, and temperature functions under varied parameters, our work explores the physical properties of nanofluids. In addition to numerical and tabular studies of the skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number, and local Nusselt number, important components of the flow field are graphically shown and analyzed. Consistent with previous research, this work adds important new information to the continuing conversation in this area. Through the examination of dimensionless velocity, concentration, and temperature functions under varied parameters, our work explores the physical properties of nanofluids. Comparing the Casson nanofluid to the Williamson and Prandtl nanofluids, it is found that the former has a lower velocity. Compared to Casson and Williamson nanofluid, Prandtl nanofluid advanced in heat flux more quickly. The transfer of heat rates are 25.87 % , 33.61 % and 40.52 % at R d = 0.5 , R d = 1.0 , and R d = 1.5 , respectively. The heat transfer rate is increased by 6.91 % as the value of Rd rises from 1.0 to 1.5. This study is further strengthened by a comparative analysis with previous research, which is complemented by an extensive table of comparisons for a full evaluation.

Insight into the dynamics of heat and mass transfer in nanofluid flow with linear/nonlinear mixed convection, thermal radiation, and activation energy effects over the rotating disk.

In this paper, we study linear and nonlinear mixed convection, activation energy, and heat radiation effects caused by nanoparticles. This study aims to improve the understanding of how nanofluids behave in the presence of rotating disks and develop more efficient and effective cooling technologies. The flow problem consisted of partial differential equations (PDE). It is challenging to calculate these equations as a result of these nonlinear PDEs. Consequently, we use appropriate similarities to transform them into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The bvp4c Matlab built-in technique is then used to resolve these ODEs. The velocities, temperature, and concentration outcomes with the various factors are examined graphically. Additionally, tables are employed to analyze the skin friction and Nusselt number values. It is analyzed that increasing the linear and linear mixed convection parameters enhances the velocity profiles of nanofluid. Enhancements in heat are analyzed by increasing nonlinear thermal radiation and enhancement in concentration is examined by increasing activation energy. Furthermore, as the variables for thermophoresis and Brownian motion are increased, the Nusselt number falls. The heat transfer rate is 27.16% for [Formula: see text] and 39.28% for [Formula: see text]. Thus, the heat transfer rate is enhanced 12.12%. This study's practical applications include improving the behavior of fluids and the transfer of heat in rotating frameworks, which may affect energy systems, heat exchangers, and cooling advances in technology.