RESUMO
Pulmonary cavitation causes significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of the presence and aetiology of a cavity is therefore crucial in order to avoid further demise in both the localized pulmonary and systemic disorders that may manifest with pulmonary cavity formation. Multidetector CT has become the principal diagnostic technique for detecting pulmonary cavitation and its complications. This review provides an overview of the aetiologies and their imaging findings using this technique. Combining a literature review with case illustration, a synopsis of the different imaging features and constellations is provided, which may suggest a particular cause and aid the differentiation from diseases with similar findings.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Doenças do Sistema Imunitário/complicações , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Infecções Respiratórias/complicações , Doenças Vasculares/complicaçõesRESUMO
The lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, which exhibit a range of different molecular features, genetics, and clinical presentations. Consequently, therapeutic approaches and clinical outcomes differ greatly. Following therapy, the thorax may be a site of disease recurrence, but infection, drug reactions, and radiation pneumonitis are commonly encountered. We present a comprehensive review of these conditions, focussing on their radiological appearances, in order that radiologists may better engage their colleagues in haemato-oncology.