Are imaging exams relevant in aiding the diagnosis of focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect: A systematic review.

Background: Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect (FOBMD) is a rare and poorly documented pathology corresponding to an unusual hematopoietic tissue in maxillary bones. Several studies have investigated FOBMD but reported different and heterogenous approaches to a correct diagnosis. Therefore, this systematic review evaluated the relevance of imaging exams in aiding FOBMD diagnosis and the implications in surgical planning for dental implants.The research question was: What is the relevance of imaging tests in aiding FOBMD diagnosis? Methods: Online databases were searched to select articles based on eligibility criteria. The studies included in the systematic review were submitted to bias and applicability assessments using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for study quality assessment. Results: A total of 383 articles were obtained from all the databases, 27 studies were included, and all performed biopsies to confirm the diagnosis. The selected studies evaluated 698 patients, including approximately 80% of women, corroborating the literature that notes a higher prevalence of this lesion in women. The reviewed articles showed a low risk of bias for case series, moderate for case reports, and low for cross-sectional studies. Conclusion: The studies considered in this systematic review have shown that radiographic characteristics may sufficiently identify the lesion and provide a periodic radiographic follow-up. However, it is worth noting the need for CBCT for planning oral rehabilitation through implants to minimize the risks of such complications.

Thematic assessment report on invasive alien species in Brazil: summary for policymakers / Relatório temático sobre espécies exóticas invasoras no Brasil: sumário para tomadores de decisão

Abstract Biological invasions are one of the major threats to biodiversity and good quality of life, resulting from the translocation of species by human action. There are more than 500 alien species currently invading ecosystems in Brazil, particularly plants and fishes, while little is known about invasive microorganisms. Although invasive alien species are present in all ecosystems in the country, most have been recorded in habitats with greater human interference, such as urban and peri-urban areas, farmland, dams, reservoirs, ports, and canals. Historically, the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil have had more invasive alien species, but there has been an increase in the number of invasive alien species in the central-western and northern regions in recent decades. The ornamental trade of plants and fishes as well as the illegal pet trade of wild mammals and reptiles are some of the main pathways for invasive species introduction and spread in Brazil. Breeding and cultivation systems that allow escape to natural areas are a relevant route of species introductions in freshwater ecosystems, while unintentional introductions from shipping and infrastructure are of extreme concern in marine ecosystems. The negative impacts of invasive alien species on the biota mainly include changes in community structure and local decrease in native species richness, mediated by predation, competition, and ecosystem changes. Most negative impacts are recorded for intentionally introduced species, such as fishes and plants, but unintentional introductions have led to impacts on good quality of life, with associated costs and impacts on human health. The management of biological invasions faces challenges that need to be overcome, such as the lack of public knowledge about the impact of invasive alien species, the popular appeal of charismatic invasive species or those used by humans, and the use of controversial control techniques. However, successful experiences of eradication and control in terrestrial and marine ecosystems have been recorded, some of them involving public engagement in management actions. Recognizing the issue as a cross-cutting public policy and developing ongoing governance experiences are fundamental goals for the management of invasive alien species in Brazil.

Resumo Invasões biológicas são uma das maiores ameaças à biodiversidade e à boa qualidade de vida, ocorrendo a partir da translocação de espécies por ação humana. Existem mais de 500 espécies exóticas invadindo ecossistemas atualmente no Brasil, com destaque para plantas e peixes. Pouco se sabe sobre microrganismos invasores. Apesar de existirem espécies exóticas invasoras em todos os ecossistemas no país, a maior parte dos registros foi feita em hábitats com maior interferência humana, como áreas urbanas, periurbanas, terras cultivadas, represas, reservatórios, portos e canais. Historicamente, as regiões sul e sudeste do Brasil apresentam mais espécies exóticas invasoras, mas nas últimas décadas se tem observado um aumento no número de espécies exóticas invasoras nas regiões centro-oeste e norte. O comércio de plantas e peixes ornamentais, assim como o comércio ilegal de mamíferos e répteis silvestres como animais de estimação são algumas das principais vias de introdução e disseminação de espécies exóticas invasoras no Brasil. Sistemas de criação e cultivo que possibilitam o escape para áreas naturais são uma relevante via de introdução em ecossistemas de águas continentais, enquanto introduções não intencionais a partir de navegação e de infraestrutura são de extrema preocupação em ecossistemas marinhos. Os impactos negativos de espécies exóticas invasoras sobre a biota incluem principalmente alterações na estrutura de comunidades e diminuição local da riqueza de espécies nativas, mediados por predação, competição e modificações ecossistêmicas. A maior parte dos impactos negativos registrados ocorreram para espécies introduzidas intencionalmente, como peixes e plantas, mas introduções não intencionais têm levado a impactos na boa qualidade de vida, com custos associados e impactos sobre a saúde humana. A gestão de invasões biológicas esbarra em desafios a serem superados, tais como a falta de conhecimento do público sobre o impacto de espécies exóticas invasoras, o apelo popular de espécies invasoras carismáticas ou utilizadas por humanos e o emprego de técnicas controversas de controle. Entretanto, experiências bem-sucedidas de erradicação e controle em ecossistemas terrestres e marinhos têm sido registrados, alguns deles envolvendo engajamento público nas ações de manejo. Reconhecer o tema como uma política pública transversal e desenvolver experiências continuadas de governança são metas fundamentais para a gestão e o manejo de espécies exóticas invasoras no Brasil.

Nível de estresse e fatores contribuintes percebidos por acadêmicos de enfermagem no ambiente formativo / Level of stress and contributing factors perceived by nursing students in the training environment / Nivel de estrés y factores contribuyentes percibidos por estudiantes de enfermería en el ambiente de formación

Objetivo: identificar o nível de estresse e os fatores contribuintes percebidos por acadêmicos de enfermagem no ambiente formativo. Método: estudo descritivo-correlacional, realizado entre dezembro de 2022 a abril de 2023 com 126 estudantes de enfermagem de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior pública de Roraima, Brasil. Resultados: participaram do estudo 55 estudantes de enfermagem, com média de idade de 22,3 ± 2,3 anos. A partir das questões da PSS-10, emergiram as médias de sentimentos positivos (57,7 ± 18,0) e negativo (70,0 ± 20,9), com uma média geral de estresse percebido de 65,1 ± 10,9. As variáveis que apresentaram relação estatística significativa com o nível de estresse percebido foram: sexo, filhos, satisfação com o curso, uso de drogas ilícitas, hábito de estudo, horas de sono. Conclusão: o perfil dos estudantes de enfermagem acerca do nível de estresse depara-se com uma conjuntura negativa, sendo relevante o conhecimento dos fatores que o influenciam.

Objective: to identify the level of stress and contributing factors perceived by nursing students in the training environment. Me-thod: descriptive-correlational study, carried out between December 2022 and April 2023 with 126 nursing students from a public Higher Education Institution in Roraima, Brazil. Results: 55 nursing students participated in the study, with a mean age of 22.3 ± 2.3 years. From the PSS-10 questions, averages of positive (57.7 ± 18.0) and negative (70.0 ± 20.9) feelings emerged, with an overall average of perceived stress of 65.1 ± 10. 9. The variables that showed a statistically significant relationship with the level of perceived stress were: sex, children, satisfaction with the course, use of illicit drugs, study habits, hours of sleep. Conclusion: the profile of nur-sing students regarding the level of stress faces a negative situation, and knowledge of the factors that influence it is important.

Objetivo: identificar el nivel de estrés y los factores contribuyentes percibidos por los estudiantes de enfermería en el ambiente de formación. Método: estudio descriptivo-correlacional, realizado entre diciembre de 2022 y abril de 2023 con 126 estudiantes de enfermería de una institución pública de educación superior en Roraima, Brasil. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 55 estudiantes de enfermería, con edad media de 22,3 ± 2,3 años. De las preguntas del PSS-10 surgieron promedios de sentimientos positivos (57,7 ± 18,0) y negativos (70,0 ± 20,9), con un promedio general de estrés percibido de 65,1 ± 10,9. Las variables que mostraron relaci-ón estadísticamente significativa con el nivel de estrés percibido fueron: sexo, hijos, satisfacción con el curso, uso de drogas ilícitas, hábitos de estudio, horas de sueño. Conclusión: el perfil de los estudiantes de enfermería en cuanto al nivel de estrés enfrenta una situación negativa, siendo importante el conocimiento de los factores que influyen en él.

Qualidade de vida no trabalho de enfermeiros intensivistas durante a Covid-19 / Quality of work life of intensive care nurses during Covid-19 / Calidad de vida laboral de enfermeras de cuidados intensivos durante la Covid-19

Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à qualidade de vida no trabalho de enfermeiros intensivistas de Boa Vista, Roraima. Método: estudo descritivo-correlacional, realizado entre novembro/2022 e janeiro/2023 com 36 enfermeiros intensivistas de um hospital público. Resultados: predominaram profissionais do sexo feminino (66,7%), casado(a)/união estável (55,6%) e com tempo médio de atuação em UTI de 6,6 anos. A maioria foi diagnosticada com COVID-19 (91,7%), maior exigência no trabalho (97,2%), cansaço físico e mental (94,4%), insegurança quanto a proteção e EPI (58,3%), insônia (63,9%), irritação (72,2%), medo de perder amigos e parentes (91,7%), falta de apoio e reconhecimento dos superiores (69,4%). A qualidade de vida no trabalho apresentou a esfera Psicológica/Comportamental com maior pontuação (65,3) e a esfera Econômica/Política com menor pontuação (43,1). Conclusão: a pandemia refletiu negativamente sobre a qualidade de vida dos enfermeiros, pois é notório o elevado crescimento de profissionais que adoeceram fisicamente e mentalmente

Objective: to identify factors associated with quality of life at work among intensive care nurses in Boa Vista, Roraima. Method: descriptive-correlational study, carried out between November/2022 and January/2023 with 36 intensive care nurses from a public hospital. Results: professionals were predominantly female (66.7%), married/in a stable relationship (55.6%) and with an average time working in the ICU of 6.6 years. The majority were diagnosed with COVID-19 (91.7%), greater work demands (97.2%), physical and mental fatigue (94.4%), insecurity regarding protection and PPE (58.3%), insomnia (63.9%), irritation (72.2%), fear of losing friends and relatives (91.7%), lack of support and recognition from superiors (69.4%). Quality of life at work had the Psychological/Behavioral sphere with the highest score (65.3) and the Economic/Political sphere with the lowest score (43.1). Conclusion: the pandemic had a negative impact on the quality of life of nurses, as the high increase in professionals who became physically and mentally ill is notable

Objetivo: identificar factores asociados a la calidad de vida en el trabajo entre enfermeros de cuidados intensivos en Boa Vista, Roraima. Método: estudio descriptivo-correlacional, realizado entre noviembre/2022 y enero/2023 con 36 enfermeros de cuidados intensivos de un hospital público. Resultados: los profesionales eran predominantemente del sexo femenino (66,7%), casados/en pareja estable (55,6%) y con tiempo promedio de permanencia en la UTI de 6,6 años. La mayoría fueron diagnosticados con CO-VID-19 (91,7%), mayor exigencia laboral (97,2%), cansancio físico y mental (94,4%), inseguridad en cuanto a protección y EPI (58,3%), insomnio (63,9%), irritación (72,2% ), miedo a perder amigos y familiares (91,7%), falta de apoyo y reconocimiento de los superiores (69,4%). La calidad de vida en el trabajo tuvo el ámbito Psicológico/Conductual con la puntuación más alta (65,3) y el ámbito Económico/Político con la puntuación más baja (43,1). Conclusión: la pandemia tuvo impacto negativo en la calidad de vida de los enferme-ros, siendo notable el alto aumento de profesionales que enfermaron física y mentalmente

Análise de casos e óbitos por covid-19 emprofissionais da enfermagem amazonense / Analysis of cases and deaths from covid-19 in nursing professionals from amazonas / Análisis de casos y muertes por covid-19 en profesionales de enfermería de amazonas

Objetivo: Analisar os casos confirmados e óbitos pela doença de coronavírus 2019 em profissionais de enfermagem do estado do Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, que se valeu dos dados obtidos no Observatório da Enfermagem do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, analisando-se os números de casos e óbitos no período de abril de 2020 a abril de 2021. Foi implementada análise estatística do tipo descritiva e utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: Foram notificados 286 casos suspeitos, 148 confirmados e 79 óbitos, com taxa de prevalência de 278,31, mortalidade de 148,55 e letalidade de 53,4%. A categoria de técnicos de enfermagem foi a mais acometida, 62,8% (n = 93), a faixa etária mais relevante variou de 41 a 50 anos e o gênero feminino representou 74,3% (n = 110). Somente a variável faixa etária esteve significativamente associada aos óbitos pela doença. Foram evidenciadas oscilações entre as series temporais de incidência e mortalidade. Conclusão: Os profissionais de enfermagem do Amazonas se encontram em uma situação de alto risco para a doença e óbito, o que requer uma atenção mais criteriosa por parte dos gestores, Conselho Federal e Conselho Regional de Enfermagem ao campo laboral e suporte ao exercício da enfermagem. (AU)

Objective: To analyze confirmed cases and deaths from coronavirus 2019 disease in nursing professionals in the state of Amazonas. Methods: This is an epidemiological study, which used data obtained from the Nursing Observatory of the Federal Council of Nursing, analyzing the numbers of cases and deaths in the period from April 2020 to April 2021. Statistical analysis was implemented descriptive type and used the chi-square test. Results: 286 suspected cases were reported, 148 confirmed and 79 deaths, with a prevalence rate of 278.31, a mortality rate of 148.55 and a mortality rate of 53.4%. The category of nursing technicians was the most affected, 62.8% (n = 93), the most relevant age group ranged from 41 to 50 years and the female gender represented 74.3% (n = 110). Only the age group variable was significantly associated with deaths from the disease. Oscillations between the temporal series of incidence and mortality were evidenced. Conclusion: Nursing professionals in Amazonas are at high risk for disease and death, which requires more careful attention from managers, the Federal Council and Regional Council of Nursing to the labor field and support for the practice of nursing. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar casos confirmados y defunciones por enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 en profesionales de enfermería del estado de Amazonas. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, que utilizó datos obtenidos del Observatorio de Enfermería del Consejo Federal de Enfermería, analizando el número de casos y defunciones en el período de abril de 2020 a abril de 2021. Se implementó un análisis estadístico de tipo descriptivo y se utilizó la chi -Prueba cuadrada. Resultados: se notificaron 286 casos sospechosos, 148 confirmados y 79 defunciones, con una tasa de prevalencia de 278,31, una tasa de mortalidad de 148,55 y una tasa de mortalidad del 53,4%. La categoría de técnicos de enfermería fue la más afectada, 62,8% (n = 93), el grupo de edad más relevante osciló entre 41 y 50 años y el sexo femenino representó el 74,3% (n = 110). Solo la variable del grupo de edad se asoció significativamente con las muertes por la enfermedad. Se evidenciaron oscilaciones entre la serie temporal de incidencia y mortalidad. Conclusión: Los profesionales de enfermería en Amazonas se encuentran en alto riesgo de enfermedad y muerte, lo que requiere una mayor atención por parte de los administradores, el Consejo Federal y el Consejo Regional de Enfermería al campo laboral y el apoyo a la práctica de la enfermería. (AU)

The effects of an invasive soft coral on the structure of native benthic communities.

Species invasion is a major threat to marine biodiversity and function; thus, studying the effects of recently reported exotic species is extremely important. Several soft coral species (Alcyonacea) have invaded the Atlantic Ocean but their effects are poorly known. Here, we investigated the effects of the invasive species Sarcothelia sp. (Alcyonacea, Xeniidae) on native benthic shallow reef communities in Brazil. We hypothesized that increasing Sarcothelia sp. abundance would be related to species richness decreases and native community structure changes. Multivariate analysis showed significant dissimilarity between invaded (high Sarcothelia sp. abundance) and non-invaded areas (high abundance of the octocoral Neospongodes atlantica and zoantharians). The invaded area showed less species composition variability (i.e., homogenization) than non-invaded ones. Within the invaded area we observed that Sarcothelia sp. abundance reduced species richness. The lowest native benthic richness (10 taxa) was observed in a transect with the highest invader cover, while the transect with the lowest Sarcothelia sp. cover presented 26 native taxa. These findings are likely related to the invasive novel functional traits, i.e., invader growth form and allelochemicals. A clear inverse abundance pattern between invasive Sarcothelia sp. and N. atlantica, indicated an intense competition between octocorals. Our study showed remarkable evidence of negative impacts of invasive soft corals on reef biodiversity. There is an urgent need for experiments evaluating changes in different ecological processes and to implement management actions.

Estresse, qualidade de vida laboral e coping da enfermagem intensiva no contexto pandêmico: revisão integrativa / Stress, quality of working life and coping in intensive nursing in the pandemic context: integrative review / Estrés, calidad de vida laboral y afrontamiento intensivo en el contexto de pandemia: revisión integradora

Objetivo: analisar, à luz da literatura, a qualidade de vida laboral do enfermeiro de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, com ênfase nos estressores e estratégias de enfrentamento durante a COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa realizada no mês de outubro de 2022, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO. Resultados: Foram localizados 820 estudos, e quando aplicados os critérios de e inclusão e exclusão e leitura, obteve-se uma amostra de sete estudos, dos quais emergiram as seguintes categorias: fatores estressores oriundos do ambiente laboral; impactos dos fatores de estresse na qualidade de vida laboral; e estratégias de enfrentamento para superar as situações estressantes. Conclusão: se faz necessário investir no apoio da enfermagem de terapia intensiva, implementando medidas estruturais e organizacionais no ambiente laboral que considerem seu estado biopsicossocial, a fim de resguardar sua resiliência tanto no contexto da COVID-19 quanto em futuras pandemias.

Objectives: to analyze, in the light of the literature, the quality of working life of Intensive Care Unit nurses, with emphasis on stressors and coping strategies during COVID-19. Method: integrative review carried out in October 2022, in LILACS, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases. Results: A total of 820 studies were located, and when inclusion and exclusion and reading criteria were applied, a sample of seven studies was obtained, from which the following categories emerged: stressors arising from the work environment; impacts of stress factors on the quality of working life; and coping strategies to overcome stressful situations. Final Considerations: it is necessary to invest in the support of intensive care nursing, implementing structural and organizational measures in the work environment that consider their biopsychosocial state, in order to safeguard their resilience both in the context of COVID-19 and in future pandemics.

Objetivos:analizar la calidad de vida laboral de enfermeros de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, con énfasis en los estresores y estrategias de enfrentamiento durante la COVID-19. Método: revisión integradora realizada en octubre de 2022, en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE y SCIELO. Resultados:Se localizaron un total de 820 estudios, y al aplicar criterios de inclusión, exclusión y lectura, se obtuvo una muestra de siete estudios, de la cual surgieron las siguientes categorías: estresores provenientes del ambiente laboral; impactos de los factores de estrés en la calidad de vida laboral; y estrategias de afrontamiento para superar situaciones estresantes. Consideraciones finales:es necesario invertir en el apoyo a la enfermería de cuidados intensivos, implementando medidas estructurales y organizativas en el ambiente de trabajo que consideren su estado biopsicosocial, con el fin de salvaguardar su resiliencia tanto en el contexto de la COVID-19 como en futuras pandemias.

Epidemiologia descritiva da malária em São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 a 2019 / Descriptive epidemiology of malaria in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 to 2019 / Epidemiología descriptiva de la malaria en São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 a 2019

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da malária no município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e ecológico, baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica do Ministério da Saúde, gerados pelo Departamento de Análise e Tabulação de Dados do Sistema Único de Saúde. Utilizou-se os dados dos casos positivos de malária do município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil, do período de 2010 a 2019. Resultados: Ocorreram 80.459 casos de malária, com incidência variando entre 101,6 a 343 casos / 1.000 habitantes, considerada de alto risco, conforme a classificação do Ministério da Saúde. O homem foi o sexo com a maior predominância das notificações, na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos (18%), por Plasmodium vivax (86%), com pico de transmissão ocorrendo entre os meses de janeiro a março, e setembro a novembro. Conclusão: Os resultados apresentam uma importante informação de conhecimento público sobre a epidemiologia da transmissão malárica nessa região, da qual poderiam ser utilizadas estratégias e a implementação de ações voltadas ao combate e controle do vetor no município. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of malaria in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil. Methods: This is an epidemiological, descriptive and ecological study, based on secondary data from the Ministry of Health's Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, generated by the Data Analysis and Tabulation Department of the Unified Health System of the positive cases of malaria from the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil, from 2010 to 2019. Results: There were 80,459 cases of malaria, with incidence ranging from 101.6 to 343 cases / 1,000 inhabitants, considered high risk according to the classification from the Ministry of Health. Man was the sex with the highest prevalence of notifications, aged 20 to 29 years (18%), by Plasmodium vivax (86%), with peak transmission occurring between the months of January to March, and September to November. Conclusion: The results present important publicly available information on the epidemiology of malaria transmission in this region, from which strategies and the implementation of actions aimed at combating and controlling the vector in the municipality could be used. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la malaria en el municipio de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil. Métodos: Este es un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo y ecológico, basado en datos secundarios del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica del Ministerio de Salud, generado por el Departamento de Análisis y Tabulación de Datos del Sistema Único de Salud, de los casos positivos de malaria en el municipio de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil, de 2010 a 2019. Resultados: Hubo 80.459 casos de malaria, con una incidencia de 101,6 a 343 casos / 1.000 habitantes, considerados de alto riesgo según la clasificación del Ministerio de Salud. El hombre era el sexo con mayor prevalencia de notificaciones, de 20 a 29 años (18%), por Plasmodium vivax (86%), con una transmisión máxima entre los meses de enero a marzo y de septiembre a noviembre. Conclusión: Los resultados presentan información importante disponible públicamente sobre la epidemiología de la transmisión de la malaria en esta región, a partir de la cual se podrían utilizar estrategias y la implementación de acciones destinadas a combatir y controlar el vector en el municipio. (AU)

A saúde mental da enfermagem de Unidade Básica de Saúde em tempos de pandemia / The mental health of Basic Health Unit nurses in times of pandemic

Objetivo: Conhecer a saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde exclusiva para pacientes com COVID-19 no Município de Boa vista, Roraima. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa,realizado com 19 profissionais da enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de abril e junho de 2022, por intermédio de um roteiro semiestruturado de 21 perguntas mistas. As entrevistas foram analisadas a partir do método de Bardin e as variáveis quantitativas submetidas ao Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 23.0. Resultados: Evidenciou-se a questão dos fatores estressores que interferem na saúde mental, associados a atividade laboral durante pandemia de COVID-19. Esses fatores tiveram como consequência a prevalência de alterações psicológicas como medo, insegurança, ansiedade e estresse. Em relação aos diagnósticos de transtornos mentais, ansiedade e depressão foram os que se sobressaíram. A atividade física, o acompanhamento psicoterápico e a religião foram as medidas de enfrentamento adotadas pelos profissionais entrevistados. Conclusão: No transcorrer da pandemia e durante a prática laboral, os profissionais do estudo foram expostos a vários fatores estressores,desenvolveram patologias psicológicas, mas buscaram manter algum nível de saúde mental. Descritores: COVID-19. Saúde Mental. Enfermagem.

Objective: To know the mental health of nursing professionals from a Basic Health Unit exclusively for patients with COVID-19 in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima. Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, carried out with 19 nursing professionals. The data was collected between April and June 2022, using a semi-structured script of 21 mixed questions. The interviews were analyzed using Bardin's method and the quantitative variables were submitted to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Results: The issue of stressors that interfere with mental health, associated with work activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, became evident. These factors had as a consequence the prevalence of psychological alterations such as fear, insecurity, anxiety,and stress. Concerningthe diagnoses of mental disorders, anxiety and depression were the ones that stood out. Physical activity, psychotherapy,and religion were the coping measures adoptedby the professionals interviewed.Conclusion: During the pandemic and their work practice, the professionals in this study were exposed to various stressors, developed psychological pathologies, but sought to maintain some level of mental health. Descriptors: COVID-19. Mental Health. Nursing.

Sponges as libraries: Increase in microplastics in Cinachyrella alloclada after 36 years.

Many studies investigated the presence and effects of microplastics in marine species, but data about sponges are still incipient. We quantified these pollutants in a population of the tropical sponge Cinachyrella alloclada, comparing museum specimens sampled in 1981 with specimens sampled in 2017. The mean number of microplastics in specimens collected decades ago was one order of magnitude lower (0.13 ± 0.40/g of sponge tissue) than those sampled more recently (1.37 ± 0.94/g). We observed microplastics in only 10 % of the specimens collected in 1981 but in 80 % of those from 2017. According to Raman spectroscopy, fibers in C. alloclada consisted of polypropylene. Our results reinforce the importance of natural history collections to reduce the gap of knowledge on the interaction between marine sponges and microplastics.

Influence of endodontic sealers artifacts in the detection of vertical root fractures

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the influence of endodontic sealers artifacts on the detection of vertical root fracture in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Premolars and central incisors were assigned into five different groups: Control, Pulp Canal Sealer, AH Plus, Sealer 26, and BC Sealer (n= 10, per group). VRFs were mechanically induced and the teeth were inserted into an image phantom. Subsequently, CBCT (Cranex 3Dx, Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) images were obtained and two observers were asked separately to identify root fracture, by visual analysis. For both premolar and central incisors, kappa coefficients of intraobserver agreement varied from good to excellent (K: 80% - 87%), and the values for interobserver agreement varied from fair to moderate (K: 30% - 35%). As follows, the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) values for VRFs highlighted that the use of BC sealer reduced the observers' ability to discriminate VRFs relative to other sealers. Moreover, sensitivity values for premolars teeth ranged from 20% to 60%, and specificity ranged from 60% to 100%; while sensitivity values for central incisors ranged from 30% to 70%, and specificity ranged from 70% to 100%. In conclusion, the low sensitivity values, mainly for premolars, demonstrated the difficulty in VRF diagnosis. Furthermore, BC Sealer induced significantly more imaging artifacts than other sealers. These results highlighting that endodontic sealers may interfere with the diagnosis of VRFs.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a influência dos artefatos de cimentos endodônticos na detecção de fratura radicular vertical (FRV) em tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Pré-molares e incisivos centrais foram divididos em cinco grupos diferentes: Controle, Pulp Canal Sealer, AH Plus, Sealer 26 e BC Sealer (n = 10, por grupo). As FRVs foram induzidas mecanicamente e os dentes inseridos em uma réplica da mandibula humana. Posteriormente, imagens de TCFC (Cranex 3Dx, Soredex, Tuusula, Finlândia) foram obtidas e dois observadores foram solicitados a identificar fratura radicular separadamente, o critério utilizado foi a análise visual. Tanto para pré-molares quanto para incisivos centrais, os coeficientes kappa de concordância intraobservador variaram de bom a excelente (K: 80% - 87%), e os valores de concordância interobservador variaram de regular a moderado (K: 30% - 35%). A seguir, a área sob a curva (AUC) dos valores da característica de operação do receptor (ROC) para FRVs destacou que o uso do cimento BC Sealer reduziu a capacidade dos observadores de discriminar FRVs em relação a outros cimentos endodônticos. Além disso, os valores de sensibilidade para pré-molares variaram de 20% a 60%, e a especificidade variou de 60% a 100%; enquanto os valores de sensibilidade para incisivos centrais variaram de 30% a 70%, e a especificidade variou de 70% a 100%. Em conclusão, os baixos valores de sensibilidade, principalmente para pré-molares, demonstraram uma dificuldade no diagnóstico de FRV. Além disso, o BC Sealer induziu significativamente mais artefatos de imagem do que outros cimentos. Esses resultados evidenciam que os cimentos endodônticos podem interferir no diagnóstico das FRVs.

Validação do aplicativo móvel "puerpérioseguro" para o cuidado à beira leito da puérpera / Validation of the "puerpérioseguro" mobile application for postpartum bedside care / Validación de la aplicación móvil "puerpérioseguro" para atención posparto

Objetivo: Validar o aplicativo "PuerpérioSEGURO" como tecnologia para o cuidado à beira leito da puérpera. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico de inovação tecnológica e validação aplicada, fundamentado nos princípios da Engenharia de Software, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada no mês de maio de 2020. Foi adotada uma amostragem de 16 especialistas, formando duas comissões de juízes, oito com expertise na área de enfermagem em obstetrícia para validar as interfaces, e oito com expertise na área de informática para validar o sistema. Os dados foram submetidos a estatística descritiva e expressos por meio do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC), considerando adequado os itens ≥ 0,8 de concordância. Resultados: Tratando-se do conjunto interfaces, quatro parâmetros subdivididos em 10 subitens foram avaliados pelos juízes da enfermagem, obtendo uma concordância geral de 1,0. Já os juízes da informática avaliaram o conjunto sistema em seis parâmetros subdivididos em 16 subitens, alcançando uma concordância geral de 0,92. Conclusão: O aplicativo móvel alcançou validade excelente de interfaces e sistema entre os juízes, sendo necessários novos estudos de interação prática com um webservice institucional. (AU)

Objective: To validate the "PuerpérioSEGURO" application as a technology for postpartum bedside care. Methods: This is a methodological study of technological innovation and applied validation, based on the principles of Software Engineering, whose data collection was carried out in May 2020. A sample of 16 specialists was adopted, forming two commissions of judges, eight with expertise in the field of midwifery nursing to validate the interfaces, and eight with expertise in the computer area to validate the system. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics and expressed through the Content Validity Index (CVI), considering items ≥ 0.8 of agreement to be adequate. Results: In the case of the set of interfaces, four parameters subdivided into 10 sub-items were evaluated by the nursing judges, obtaining a general agreement of 1.0. The computer judges evaluated the system set in six parameters subdivided into 16 sub-items, reaching a general agreement of 0.92. Conclusion: The mobile application achieved excellent validity of interfaces and systems among the judges, requiring further studies of practical interaction with an institutional web service. (AU)

Objetivo: Validar la aplicación "PuerpérioSEGURO" como tecnología para la atención posparto. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio metodológico de innovación tecnológica y validación aplicada, basado en los principios de la Ingeniería de Software, cuya recolección de datos se realizó en mayo de 2020. Se adoptó una muestra de 16 especialistas, conformando dos comisiones de jueces, ocho con experiencia en el campo de la enfermería de partería para validar las interfaces, y ocho con experiencia en el área informática para validar el sistema. Los datos fueron sometidos a estadística descriptiva y expresados a través del Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC), considerándose adecuados los ítems ≥ 0,8 de acuerdo. Resultados: En el caso del conjunto de interfaces, los jueces de enfermería evaluaron cuatro parámetros subdivididos en 10 sub-ítems, obteniendo un acuerdo general de 1.0. Los jueces informáticos evaluaron el sistema establecido en seis parámetros subdivididos en 16 sub-ítems, alcanzando un acuerdo general de 0,92. Conclusión: La aplicación móvil logró una excelente validez de interfaces y sistemas entre los jueces, requiriendo más estudios de interacción práctica con un servicio web institucional. (AU)

Predictive value of ERCC2, ABCC2 and MMP2 of response and long-term survival in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.

PURPOSE: Genetic variants in genes involved in the distribution, metabolism, accumulation or repair of lesions are likely to influence the response of drugs used in the treatment of Head and Neck Cancer (HNC). We examine the effect of 36 SNPs on clinical outcomes in patients with locally advanced HNC who were receiving platinum-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: These SNPs were genotyped in 110 patients using the iPLEX Gold assay on the MassARRAY method in blood DNA samples and used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses to compare genotype groups with the survival. RESULTS: Two SNPs, rs717620 (ABCC2) and rs12934241 (MMP2) were strongly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). At a median follow-up of 64.4 months, the allele A of rs717620 (ABCC2) had an increased risk of disease progression {hazard ratio [HR] = 1.79, p = 0.0018} and death (HR = 2.0, p = 0.00027). ABCC2 was associated with OS after a Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing. The MMP2 rs12934241-T allele was associated with an increased risk of worse OS and DFS (p = 0.0098 and p = 0.0015, respectively). One SNP of ABCB1 and three SNPs located in the ERCC2 gene showed an association with response in the subgroup of HNC patients treated with definitive CRT. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the potential usefulness of SNPs in different genes involved in drug metabolism and repair DNA to predict the response and survival to CRT. ABCC2 is a potential predictor of OS in patients with HNC.

Influence of Kv11.1 (hERG1) K+ channel expression on DNA damage induced by the genotoxic agent methyl methanesulfonate.

Besides their crucial role in cell electrogenesis and maintenance of basal membrane potential, the voltage-dependent K+ channel Kv11.1/hERG1 shows an essential impact in cell proliferation and other processes linked to the maintenance of tumour phenotype. To check the possible influence of channel expression on DNA damage responses, HEK293 cells, treated with the genotoxic agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), were compared with those of a HEK-derived cell line (H36), permanently transfected with the Kv11.1-encoding gene, and with a third cell line (T2) obtained under identical conditions as H36, by permanent transfection of another unrelated plasma membrane protein encoding gene. In addition, to gain some insights about the canonical/conduction-dependent channel mechanisms that might be involved, the specific erg channel inhibitor E4031 was used as a tool. Our results indicate that the expression of Kv11.1 does not influence MMS-induced changes in cell cycle progression, because no differences were found between H36 and T2 cells. However, the canonical ion conduction function of the channel appeared to be associated with decreased cell viability at low/medium MMS concentrations. Moreover, direct DNA damage measurements, using the comet assay, demonstrated for the first time that Kv11.1 conduction activity was able to modify MMS-induced DNA damage, decreasing it particularly at high MMS concentration, in a way related to PARP1 gene expression. Finally, our data suggest that the canonical Kv11.1 effects may be relevant for tumour cell responses to anti-tumour therapies.

Tecnologias desenvolvidas no contexto da saúde da mulher no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa / Revisión integrativa de las tecnologías desarrolladas en el contexto de la salud de la mujer en Brasil / Developing Technologies in Women's Health in Brazil: An Integrated Review

Introdução: as tecnologias em saúde dizem respeito a tudo o que é utilizado como instrumento para cuidar e educar a outras pessoas. Diante desse conceito, esta revisão tem por objetivo conhecer as publicações científicas acerca do desenvolvimento de tecnologias voltadas para a área de saúde da mulher no Brasil. Materiais e métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de natureza descritiva, realizada por meio de consulta as bases de dados Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), no período de 2009 a 2019. Resultados: os cruzamentos de busca nas bases de dados estabelecidas resultaram na identificação de 46 estudos no banco de dados BDENF, 280 no LILACS e 55 na SciELO, totalizando 381 estudos. A aplicação dos filtros possibilitou refinamento que resultou em seleção final de 23 estudos. Discussão: a análise dos resultados evidenciou que o foco mais referido foi o desenvolvimento de tecnologias leve-duras. Quando analisada a abordagem dessas tecnologias, observou-se que as temáticas mais beneficiadas pelo desenvolvimento das tecnologias em saúde foram a educação em saúde da mulher na gestação e na amamentação. Conclusões: percebe-se, por meio da revisão, que se faz necessário o desenvolvimento, validação e implementação de todas as classes das tecnologias em saúde, pois a qualidade técnica e conceitual passará por análise e testagem dos profissionais que compreendem as factuais necessidades do público foco.

Introduction: Health technologies refer to those tools that are used to care for and educate people. Given this concept, this review aims to identify scientific publications related to developing technologies for women's health in Brazil. Materials and Methods: An integrative descriptive review was conducted through database consultations in the Brazilian Nursing Database (BDENF), Latin American & Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) in 2009-2019. Results: 46 studies were identified in the BDENF database, 280 in LILACS and 55 in SciELO, for a total of 381 studies retrieved by using cross-references in these databases. The final selection was refined to 23 studies by applying search filters. Discussion: The results analysis showed that the most cited topic was the development of soft-hard technologies. In analyzing the approach of these technologies, it was found that one of the topics that greatly benefited from the development of health technologies was the education in women's health during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Conclusion: This review indicated the need to continue developing, validating and applying these technologies as their technical and conceptual quality will be analyzed and verified by professionals who understand the actual needs of the target audience.

Introducción: Las tecnologías de la salud se refieren a todas aquellas herramientas que se utilizan para cuidar y educar a los demás. Frente a este concepto, esta revisión tiene como objetivo conocer las publicaciones científicas relacionadas con el desarrollo de las tecnologías para la salud de la mujer en Brasil. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de tipo descriptivo mediante consulta en bases de datos como el Banco de Datos de Enfermería (BDENF), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) entre 2009 y 2019. Resultados: A través de referencias cruzadas en las bases de datos mencionadas, se identificaron 46 estudios en el banco de datos BDENF, 280 en LILACS y 55 en SciELO, para un total de 381 estudios. Así mismo, se refinó la selección final a 23 estudios mediante la aplicación de filtros. Discusión: En el análisis de resultados se evidenció que el tema más referenciado fue el desarrollo de tecnologías blandas-duras. Al analizar el enfoque de estas tecnologías, se observó que uno de los temas más beneficiados del desarrollo de las tecnologías de la salud fue el de la educación en materia de salud de la mujer durante el embarazo y la lactancia. Conclusiones: Con esta revisión se demostró que es necesario seguir desarrollando, validando y aplicando todas las clases de tecnologías sanitarias, cuya calidad técnica y conceptual será analizada y verificada por profesionales que comprenden las necesidades reales del público objetivo

Premature ovarian insufficiency: clinical orientations for genetic testing and genetic counseling.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a heterogeneous disorder diagnosed in women before 40 years old and describes a wide range of impaired ovarian function, from diminished ovarian reserve to premature ovarian failure. Genetic etiology accounts for 20% to 25% of patients. The evidence that POI can be isolated (nonsyndromic) or part of a pleiotropic genetic syndrome highlights its high heterogeneous etiology. Chromosomal abnormalities as a cause of POI have a prevalence of 10% to 13%, being 45,X complement the most common cytogenetic cause of primary amenorrhea and mosaicism with a 45,X cell line more frequently associated with secondary amenorrhea. Other X chromosome aberrations include deletions, duplications, balanced, and unbalanced X-autosome rearrangements involving the critical region for the POI phenotype (Xq13-Xq21 to Xq23-Xq27). The identification of 2 or more pathogenic variants in distinct genes argues in favor of a polygenic origin for POI. Hundreds of pathogenic variants (including mitochondrial) have been involved in POI etiology mainly with key roles in biological processes in the ovary, such as meiosis and DNA damage repair mechanism, homologous recombination, follicular development, granulosa cell differentiation and proliferation, and ovulation. The most common single gene cause for POI is the premutation for FMR1 gene (associated with fragile X syndrome) with alleles ranging from about 55 to about 200 CGG trinucleotide repeats. POI occurs in 20% of women with this premutation. As females with premutation or full mutation alleles are also at risk of having affected children, their genetic counseling should include the indication for prenatal diagnosis or preimplantation genetic testing after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and trophectoderm biopsy. In conclusion, in clinical practice high-resolution karyotype and FMR1 gene molecular study should be performed as first-tier tests in the assessment of POI. In addition, array Comparative Genomic Hybridization or specific next generation sequencing panels should be considered to identify chromosomal deletions/duplications under karyotype resolution or other pathogenic variants in specific genes associated with POI. This is particularly important in patients with first- or second-degree relatives also affected with POI, improving their reproductive and genetic counseling.

Efficacy and toxicity of adjuvant chemotherapy on colorectal cancer patients: how much influence from the genetics?

We studied the predictive value for response and toxicity of functional polymorphisms in genes involved in the oxaliplatin/fluorouracil pathway in colorectal cancer patients. One hundred and twenty-seven (127) patients were treated with curative intended surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin) regimen. The median age was 65.53 (27-80) years (66.9% male, 59.1% rectum). The median follow-up was 8.5 years (IQR, 4.1-9.4). At the end of follow-up, 59 patients (46.5%) had relapsed or died in the whole study population. We did find that XRCC1GG genotype is associated with a higher risk of developing haematologic toxicity. Furthermore, we report a significant association of the TS 3'UTR 6 bp/6 bp polymorphism and the XRCC1 rs25487 with a higher risk of developing anaemia and diarrhoea, respectively. On the other hand, none of the studied polymorphisms showed clinically relevant association with disease-free survival and overall survival or early failure to adjuvant FOLFOX therapy.

Polysaccharide from Gracilaria caudata protects the human esophageal mucosal barrier: A differential topical effect and structural dependence.

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro protective effect of topical treatment with a native sulfated polysaccharide of G. caudata (SP-Gc), hydrolyzed (H-SP-Gc), or desulfated (D-SP-Gc) polysaccharide of Gracilaria caudata in esophageal biopsies obtained from GERD patients. Biopsies were obtained from nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) patients and from erosive esophagitis patients. Then, the biopsies were mounted in an Ussing chamber to measure the basal transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The effect of mucosal exposure to an acid solution on TEER was analyzed with or without different concentrations (1, 0.3 or 1%) of SP-Gc, H-SP-Gc, or D-SP-Gc, precoated on the mucosa. Basal esophageal mucosal electrical resistance was significantly lower in erosive esophagitis than from NERD. Mucosal samples precoated with native SP-Gc (1%) significantly prevented TEER drop induced by an acidic solution in NERD, but this effect was not observed in erosive esophagitis. Topical application of D-SP-Gc showed no difference compared to native SP-Gc. However, when treated with chemically-modified SP-Gc, the protective effect observed with native SP-Gc was lost. The present study indicated that SP-Gc protects the human esophageal mucosal barrier in NERD patients. This effect is dependent on the structure but is independent of the presence of sulfate.

Polysaccharides derived from Morinda citrifolia Linn reduce inflammatory markers during experimental colitis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: There are many reports of pharmacological activities of extracts and fractions of different vegetable-derived products in the scientific literature and in folk medicine. Ethnopharmacological use of these products by various communities continues to be extensively explored, and they account for more than half of all medications used worldwide. Polysaccharides (PLS) extracted from plants such as Morinda Citrifolia Linn present therapeutic potential in treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis (UC). AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of Noni-PLS against the intestinal damage in UC induced by acetic acid in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In acetic acid-induced colitis, the mice were treated intraperitoneally (ip) with Noni-PLS (0.1, 0.3, and 3.0 mg/kg) or subcutaneously (sc) with dexamethasone (2.0 mg/kg) 30 min before euthanasia to determine the best dose of Noni-PLS with an anti-inflammatory effect in the course of UC. The colonic tissue samples were collected for macroscopic, wet weight, microscopic and biochemical (myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate/nitrite (NO3/NO2), cytokines, cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS)) analyses. RESULTS: Treatment with Noni-PLS reduced the intestinal damage induced by acetic acid as it reduced macroscopic and microscopic scores and the wet weight of the colon. In addition, MPO activity and levels of GSH, MDA, NO3/NO2, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and COX-2 expression reduced. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that Noni-PLS exhibits anti-inflammatory action against intestinal damage by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory action of cytokines, COX-2 and iNOS expression in the inflamed colon. Noni-PLS shows therapeutic potential against inflammatory disorders like UC.

Effects of an experimental oil spill on the structure and function of benthic assemblages with different history of exposure to oil perturbation.

The present study compared the short-term effects of a diesel oil spill on the strucure and function of nematode and macrobenthic assemblages between tidal flats with different history of exposure to oil perturbation. A manipulative field experiment was conducted, where oil exposed treatments were contrasted with controls, during four successive times, two before and two after the oil spills. During the oil spill the death and the presence of diverse debilitated macrofaunal organisms were observed in the oil treatments. However, 24 h later no significant changes were identified, suggesting that the impacted plots were quickly recolonized. Nematode assemblages showed a decrease in overall density and an increase of r-strategist traits such as non-selective deposit feeders and colonizers at perturbed treatments from one of the historically non-perturbed tidal flats. We discuss the mechanisms responsible by distinctive patterns of response observed between the two benthic components.