Effectiveness of auriculotherapy on stress reduction in health workers: a controlled randomized clinical trial / Efetividade da auriculoterapia na redução de estresse em trabalhadores de saúde: ensaio clínico controlado randomizado / Efectividad de la auriculoterapia para la reducción del estrés de trabajadores de la salud: ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado

Abstract Objective: to assess the effectiveness of auriculotherapy in reducing occupational stress among Family Health Strategy workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a controlled randomized clinical trial divided into two groups, namely: auriculotherapy for stress group and placebo group. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess data normality. The ANOVA test for repeated measures and the Tukey post-hoc test were applied to the group with normal samples. In turn, the Friedman and Durbin-Conover tests were employed in the group with non-normal distribution. Cohen's d index was calculated for the therapy effect size. A 95% significance level and p<0.05 were considered. Results: the auriculotherapy group presented 16.3% and 23.7% reductions in occupational stress after the third and sixth auriculotherapy sessions, with Cohen's d indices of 1.12 (large effect) and 1.82 (very large effect), respectively. Conclusion: auriculotherapy proved to be effective in reducing occupational stress among Family Health Strategy workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is suggested that new studies are developed both during and after the pandemic in order to improve health workers' Quality of Life. ReBEC registration: RBR - 38hjyt3.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade da auriculoterapia na redução do estresse ocupacional em trabalhadores de saúde da Estratégia de Saúde da Família durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: ensaio clínico controlado randomizado em dois grupos: grupo auriculoterapia para o estresse e grupo placebo. Foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade dos dados. O teste ANOVA de medidas repetidas e o teste post-hoc Tukey foram aplicados para o grupo com amostras normais. Já o teste de Friedman e de Durbin-Conover foram utilizados no grupo com distribuição não normal. Para o tamanho do efeito da terapia, foi calculado o índice d de Cohen. Considerou-se o nível de significância de 95% e valor p<0,05. Resultados: o grupo auriculoterapia apresentou redução do estresse ocupacional de 16,3 e 23,7% após a terceira e sexta sessões de auriculoterapia, com índices d de Cohen de 1,12 (grande efeito) e 1,82 (efeito muito grande), respectivamente. Conclusão: a auriculoterapia mostrou-se efetiva na redução do estresse ocupacional em trabalhadores de saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Sugere-se que novos estudos sejam desenvolvidos durante e após a pandemia de maneira a melhorar a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de saúde. Registro ReBEC: RBR - 38hjyt3.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la auriculoterapia para la reducción del estrés laboral en trabajadores de salud de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado en dos grupos: grupo auriculoterapia para el estrés y grupo placebo. Se utilizó la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk para evaluar la normalidad de los datos. Al grupo con muestras normales se les aplicó la prueba ANOVA de medidas repetidas y la prueba post-hoc de Tukey. Se utilizaron las pruebas de Friedman y Durbin-Conover en el grupo con distribución no normal. Para el tamaño del efecto de la terapia se calculó el índice d de Cohen. Se consideró un nivel de significación del 95% y un valor de p <0,05. Resultados: el grupo auriculoterapia mostró una reducción del estrés laboral de 16,3 y 23,7% después de la tercera y sexta sesión de auriculoterapia, con índices d de Cohen de 1,12 (efecto grande) y 1,82 (efecto muy grande), respectivamente. Conclusión: la auriculoterapia demostró ser eficaz para la reducción del estrés laboral en trabajadores de la salud de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se sugiere desarrollar nuevos estudios durante y después de la pandemia con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de los trabajadores de la salud. Registro ReBEC: RBR - 38hjyt3.

The Lysine Methylase SMYD3 Modulates Mesendodermal Commitment during Development.

SMYD3 (SET and MYND domain containing protein 3) is a methylase over-expressed in cancer cells and involved in oncogenesis. While several studies uncovered key functions for SMYD3 in cancer models, the SMYD3 role in physiological conditions has not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we dissect the role of SMYD3 at early stages of development, employing mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and zebrafish as model systems. We report that SMYD3 depletion promotes the induction of the mesodermal pattern during in vitro differentiation of ESCs and is linked to an upregulation of cardiovascular lineage markers at later stages. In vivo, smyd3 knockdown in zebrafish favors the upregulation of mesendodermal markers during zebrafish gastrulation. Overall, our study reveals that SMYD3 modulates levels of mesendodermal markers, both in development and in embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Síndrome de Burnout em residentes multiprofissionais em saúde / Burnout syndrome in multi-professional healthcare residents / Síndrome de Burnout en residentes multiprofesionales en salud

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout e identificar o perfil sociodemográfico, laboral, estilo de vida e saúde de residentes multiprofissionais de saúde de uma Universidade pública da Bahia, Brasil. Metodologia: estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado com 63 residentes. Utilizou-se o Maslach Burnout Inventory e um questionário contendo questões sociodemográficas, laborais, estilo de vida e saúde. Resultados: ao analisar as dimensões da síndrome, 82,5% apresentaram nível alto de exaustão emocional; 55,5% nível moderado de despersonalização e 88,8% nível alto de reduzida realização profissional. Destaca-se a maior ocorrência do Burnout em enfermeiros (50%), profissionais atuantes no âmbito hospitalar (71,4%) e em recém-formados (média 2,1 anos). 60,3% dos residentes consideraram não ter uma alimentação saudável e 29,5% apresentaram excesso de peso. Conclusão: os resultados apontam uma prevalência significativa de síndrome de burnout, sendo encontradas altas alterações nas três dimensões da síndrome em 22,2% dos residentes.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome, and identify the sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle, and health profile of multi-professional healthcare residents at a public university in Bahia, Brazil. Methods: a descriptive, crosssectional study was conducted with 63 residents, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a questionnaire on sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle, and health issues. Results: on examining the dimensions of the syndrome, 82.5% were found to present high levels of emotional exhaustion; 55.5%, moderate levels of depersonalization; and 88.8%, high levels of diminished professional fulfilment. Burnout occurred most often in nurses (50%), professionals working in hospitals (71.4%) and recent graduates (mean 2.1 years), while 60.3% of the residents regarded their diet at unhealthy, and 29.5% were overweight. Conclusion: the results indicate a significant prevalence of Burnout Syndrome, and marked changes in the three dimensions of the syndrome were found in 22.2% of the residents.

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout e identificar el perfil sociodemográfico, laboral, estilo de vida y salud de residentes multiprofesionales de salud de una universidad pública de Bahía, Brasil. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, realizado junto a 63 residentes. Se utilizó el Maslach Burnout Inventory y un cuestionario que contenía cuestiones sociodemográficas, laborales, estilo de vida y salud. Resultados: al analizar las dimensiones del síndrome, el 82,5% presentó un alto nivel de agotamiento emocional; 55,5% nivel moderado de despersonalización y 88,8% nivel alto de reducida realización profesional. Se destaca la mayor ocurrencia de Burnout en enfermeros (50%), profesionales actuantes en el ámbito hospitalario (71,4%) y recién graduados (promedio 2,1 años). El 60,3% de los residentes consideró no tener una alimentación sana y el 29,5% presentó un exceso de peso. Conclusión: los resultados apuntan a una prevalencia significativa de síndrome de Burnout y se encontraron grandes alteraciones en las tres dimensiones del síndrome en el 22,2% de los residentes.

Characterization and expression analysis of mcoln1.1 and mcoln1.2, the putative zebrafish co-orthologs of the gene responsible for human mucolipidosis type IV.

Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the MCOLN1 gene coding for mucolipin-1 (TRPML1). TRPML1 belongs to a transient receptor potential channels (TRP) subfamily, which in mammals includes two other members: mucolipin-2 (TRPML2) and mucolipin-3 (TRPML3). Bioinformatic analysis of the Danio rerio (zebrafish) genome and trascriptome revealed the presence of five different genes related to human mucolipins: mcoln1.1, mcoln1.2, mcoln2, mcoln3.1 and mcoln3.2. We focused our efforts on the characterization of the two putative zebrafish MCOLN1 co-orthologs. Transient-expression experiments in human HeLa cells demonstrated that fish Mcoln1.1 and Mcoln1.2, similarly to TRPML1, localize to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments. Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) experiments showed that both genes are maternally expressed and transcribed at different levels during embryogenesis. RT-PCR analysis in different zebrafish tissues displayed ubiquitary expression for mcoln1.1 and a more tissue-specific pattern for mcoln1.2. Spatial and temporal expression studies using whole-mount in situ hybridization confirmed that both genes are maternally expressed and ubiquitously transcribed during gastrulation and early somitogenesis. Notably, in the next developmental stages they are more expressed in neural regions and in retina layers, tissues affected in MLIV. Interestingly, mcoln1.1 is detected, from 10 somite-stage until to 36 hpf, in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) and in the intermediate cell mass (ICM), the earliest site of hematopoiesis. Overall, the redundancy of mucolipins together with their expression profile support the biological relevance of this class of proteins in zebrafish. The data herein presented indicate that Danio rerio could be a suitable vertebrate model for the study of some aspects of MLIV pathogenesis.

Ve-ptp modulates vascular integrity by promoting adherens junction maturation.

BACKGROUND: Endothelial cell junctions control blood vessel permeability. Altered permeability can be associated with vascular fragility that leads to vessel weakness and haemorrhage formation. In vivo studies on the function of genes involved in the maintenance of vascular integrity are essential to better understand the molecular basis of diseases linked to permeability defects. Ve-ptp (Vascular Endothelial-Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase) is a transmembrane protein present at endothelial adherens junctions (AJs). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We investigated the role of Ve-ptp in AJ maturation/stability and in the modulation of endothelial permeability using zebrafish (Danio rerio). Whole-mount in situ hybridizations revealed zve-ptp expression exclusively in the developing vascular system. Generation of altered zve-ptp transcripts, induced separately by two different splicing morpholinos, resulted in permeability defects closely linked to vascular wall fragility. The ultrastructural analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction of junction complexes and the presence of immature AJs in zve-ptp morphants but not in control embryos. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Here we show the first in vivo evidence of a potentially critical role played by Ve-ptp in AJ maturation, an important event for permeability modulation and for the development of a functional vascular system.

The synaptic proteins ß-neurexin and neuroligin synergize with extracellular matrix-binding vascular endothelial growth factor a during zebrafish vascular development.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the in vivo functions of the synaptic proteins neurexins and neuroligins in embryonic vascular system development using zebrafish as animal model. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the present study, we show that the knockdown of the α-form of neurexin 1a induces balance defects and reduced locomotory activity, whereas ß-neurexin 1a and neuroligin 1 morphants present defects in sprouting angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, in particular in the caudal plexus and subintestinal vessels. Coinjection of low doses of morpholinos for ß-neurexin 1a and neuroligin 1 together or in combination with morpholinos targeting the -heparin--binding isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor A (encoded by the VEGFAb gene) recapitulates the observed abnormalities, suggesting synergistic activity of these molecules. Similar coinjection experiments with morpholinos, targeting the enzyme heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2, confirm the presence of a functional correlation between extracellular matrix maturation and ß-neurexin 1a or neuroligin 1. CONCLUSIONS: Our data represent the first in vivo evidence of the role of neurexin and neuroligin in embryonic blood vessel formation and provide insights into their mechanism of action.

Zebrafish numb and numblike are involved in primitive erythrocyte differentiation.

BACKGROUND: Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved regulatory circuitry implicated in cell fate determination in various developmental processes including hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation of blood lineages. Known endogenous inhibitors of Notch activity are Numb-Nb and Numblike-Nbl, which play partially redundant functions in specifying and maintaining neuronal differentiation. Nb and Nbl are expressed in most tissues including embryonic and adult hematopoietic tissues in mice and humans, suggesting possible roles for these proteins in hematopoiesis. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We employed zebrafish to investigate the possible functional role of Numb and Numblike during hematopoiesis, as this system allows a detailed analysis even in embryos with severe defects that would be lethal in other organisms. Here we describe that nb/nbl knockdown results in severe reduction or absence of embryonic erythrocytes in zebrafish. Interestingly, nb/nbl knocked-down embryos present severe downregulation of the erythroid transcription factor gata1. This results in erythroblasts which fail to mature and undergo apoptosis. Our results indicate that Notch activity is increased in embryos injected with nb/nbl morpholino, and we show that inhibition of Notch activation can partially rescue the hematopoietic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Our results provide the first in vivo evidence of an involvement of Numb and Numblike in zebrafish erythroid differentiation during primitive hematopoiesis. Furthermore, we found that, at least in part, the nb/nbl morphant phenotype is due to enhanced Notch activation within hematopoietic districts, which in turn results in primitive erythroid differentiation defects.

Abeta peptides accelerate the senescence of endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo, impairing angiogenesis.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) caused by amyloid beta (Abeta) deposition around brain microvessels results in vascular degenerative changes. Antiangiogenic Abeta properties are known to contribute to the compromised cerebrovascular architecture. Here we hypothesize that Abeta peptides impair angiogenesis by causing endothelial cells to enter senescence at an early stage of vascular development. Wild-type (WT) Abeta and its mutated variant E22Q peptide, endowed with marked vascular tropism, were used in this study. In vivo, in zebrafish embryos, the WT or E22Q peptides reduced embryo survival with an IC(50) of 6.1 and 4.7 microM, respectively. The 2.5 microM concentration, showing minimal toxicity, was chosen. Alkaline phosphatase staining revealed disorganized vessel patterning, narrowing, and reduced branching of vessels. Beta-galactosidase staining and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 expression, indicative of senescence, were increased. In vitro, WT and E22Q reduced endothelial cell survival with an IC(50) of 12.3 and 8.8 microM, respectively. The 5 microM concentration, devoid of acute effects on the endothelium, was applied chronically to long-term cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We observed reduced cumulative population doubling, which coincided with beta-galactosidase accumulation, down-regulation of telomerase reverse-transcriptase mRNA expression, decreased telomerase activity, and p21 activation. Senescent HUVECs showed marked angiogenesis impairment, as Abeta treatment reduced tube sprouting. The endothelial injuries caused by the E22Q peptide were much more aggressive than those induced by the WT peptide. Premature Abeta-induced senescence of the endothelium, producing progressive alterations of microvessel morphology and functions, may represent one of the underlying mechanisms for sporadic or heritable CAA.

Implante dentário: conhecimento da população baiana / Dental implant: level of knowledge of the bahia population

Desde os povos mais remotos, a humanidade preocupa-se com a estética e a sua associação com o sorriso, e consequentemente com a presença de dentes. Nos tempos mais primitivos, o homem experimentou e usou vários materiais na tentativa de repor seus dentes perdidos. não obtendo, no entanto, êxito na maioria das vezes. Modernamente os implantes dentários são produzidos em titânio, material que tem demonstrado ser altamente biocompatível, representando o mínimo de rejeição da interação organismo-corpo estranho e possibilitando reabilitar a população com os perfis mais variados de perdas dentárias. Porém o número de pacientes edêntulos total ou parcialmente tratados com o sistema de implante ósseo integrado, ainda é muito pequeno frente à grande massa desdentada da nossa população, o que nos faz questionar os motivos para tal distanciamento. Visando mensurar o nível de conhecimento da populaçao baiana acerca dos implantes dentários, o presente estudo utilizou-se de questionários fechados aplicados a 300 cidadãos da via pública de Salvador nos seguintes moldes: Grupo 1. Profissionais com nível superior de instrução; Grupo 2: Profissionais com nível médio de instrução e Grupo 3: Estudantes Universitários. Em nenhum dos grupos poderiam participar Dentistas ou Estudantes de Odontologia. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria os três grupos analisados tem conhecimentos significativos sobre o assunto e sentem-se seguros à submissão da intervenção cirúrgica, mas o anseio do alto custo restringe a procura do serviço na maioria dos casos avaliados.

From the most remote people, the humanity worries about the aesthetics and your association with the smile, and consequently with the presence of teeth. In the most primitive times, the man tried and it used several materials in the attempt of restoring your lost teeth, not obtaining, however, success most of time. Now, dental implant are produced in tittanium, material that has been demonstrating be highly biocompatible, representing the minimum of bounce of the interaction strnge organism-body and making possible to rehabilitate the population with the most varied profiles of dental losses. However the number of patient total edentulous or partially agreements with the system of it implants bony integrated, it is still very small front to the great toothless mass of our population, the one that does question us the reasons for such estrangement. Seeking to measure the level of knowledge of the Bahia population concerning you dental implant, the present study was used applied questionares to 300 citizens of the public road of Salvador in the following molds: Group 1: Professsionals with superior level of instruction; Group 2: Professionals with medium level of instruction and Group 3: Academical students. In nome of the groups they could announce Dentists or Students of Dentistry. The results demonstrated that most of the three analyzed groups has significant knowledge on the subject and they feel safe to the submission of the surgical intervention, but the longing of the high cost restricts the search of the service in most of the appraised cases.

Manifestações bucais dos pênfigos vulgar e bolhoso / Oral Manifestations of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous

Pênfigos Vulgar e Bolhoso são doenças vesiculobolhosas relativamente comuns que se encontram entre as doenças auto-imunes mais graves. O trabalho realiza uma revisão de literatura sobre essas patologias, enfatizando as principais manifestações bucais para auxiliar o cirurgião dentista a reconhecer e promover a limitação dos danos que as mesmas podem causar, salientando as principais características clínicas e histopatológicas, bem como diagnóstico e tratamento adequados.

The Vulgaris Pemphigus and Bullous Pemphigus are blistering diseases that are relatively common among autoimmune diseases more serious. The work performed a review of literature on these diseases, emphasizing the main oral manifestations. In an attempt to help the surgeon dentist, to recognize the disease and promete the limitation of damages that can cause diseases, the work also addresses the clinical and histopathological features, as well as diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.

Estudo da articulação temporomandibular em portadores de Síndrome de Down / Investigation of the temporomandibular joints in Down syndrome individuals

Objetivo: O portador da síndrome de Down apresenta maloclusão e hipotonia muscular, o que sugere risco para disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). Este estudo avaliou a presença de DTM e seus possíveis fatores etiológicos em indivíduos portadores de Síndrome de Down através de exames anamnésico, físico e radiográfico. Metodologia: Cinqüenta sujeitos Down sindrôminos, foram divididos em dois grupos: 1) indivíduos com idade entre 12 e 14 anos, e 2) indivíduos com idade entre 20 e 30 anos. Estes grupos foram avaliados por exames anamnésico, físico e radiográfico, quanto à presença de sinais e sintomas de DTM. Resultados: A presença de sinais caracterizados como fatores etiológicos de DTM foi observada em ambas as faixas etárias, mas a presença de DTM ocorreu somente no grupo 2. Houve associação entre a presença de DTM e hiperexcursão condilar. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o portador de síndrome de Down apresenta sinais e sintomas de DTM, havendo associação com maior faixa etária.

Purpose: Subjects with Down syndrome have malocclusion and muscular hypotonia, which suggest higher risk for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study evaluated the presence of TMD and its possible etiologic factors in subjects with Down syndrome by means of anamnesis, physical exam, and radiographs. Methods: Fifty subjects with Down syndrome were divided into two groups: 1) subjects aged between 12 and 14 years-old, and 2) subjects aged between 20 and 30 years-old. These groups were evaluated by using a structured interview, physical exam, and TMJ radiographs. Results: Signs characterized as etiologic factors for TMD were recorded for both age groups, but TMD was present only in group 2. There was association between presence of TMD and condilar hyper excursion. Conclusion: The results suggest that subjects with Down syndrome show signs and symptoms of TMD, with association with older age.

Análise do processamento radiográfico nos consultórios odontológicos de Feira de Santana - BA / Analysis of radiographic processing in dental offices in Feira de Santana - BA

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de analisar o controle de qualidade dos cirurgiões-dentistas de Feira de Santana - BA relativamente ao processamento radiográfico. Participaram do estudo cem profissionais, que responderam a um questionário e processaram, como de costume, uma radiografia-padrão. Os resultados demonstraram que em apenas 8 por cento dos casos as radiografias apresentaram-se bem processadas: que os profissionais tendem a empregar tempos de revelação mais curtos que os recomendados pelos fabricantes e que o método visual ainda é o mais amplamente empregado. Conclui-se, portanto, que a maioria dos profissionais de Feira de Santana - BA não está processando adequadamente suas radiografias, apresentando, ainda, desconhecimento quanto às atuais normas de controle de qualidade vigentes

Avaliação da técnica radiográfica intrabucal mais aceita pela criança na idade pré-escolar através do uso de uma escala visual analógica de faces / Evaluation of radiographic technique most accepted by the pre-school children using visual analogic scale of faces

O presente estudo consistiu em avaliar, através de uma Escala Visual Analógica de faces, a técnica radiográfica intrabucal mais aceita pela criança na idade pré-escolar. As técnicas avaliadas foram: Bissetriz, Paralelismo e Modificada. A amostra foi composta por 72 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 3 e 6 anos. Os resultados mostraram que a técnica da Bissetriz foi a mais aceita para a região posterior e a técnica Modificada a eleita para a região anterior