A surgical case report on primary umbilical endometriosis (Villar's nodule).

Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the implantation of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Common symptoms include cyclical pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. Although endometriosis can spread to various extrauterine locations including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneal surfaces, umbilical endometriosis is a rare manifestation of the disease. We report an intriguing clinical case of primary umbilical endometriosis in a 36-year-old female patient admitted to our department due to the notable manifestation of a painful swelling at the umbilicus, accompanied by cyclic episodes of bleeding. Subsequent investigations, incorporating ultrasound and computed tomography, indicated the presence of umbilical endometriosis, a finding that was subsequently confirmed by pathological examination of a mass biopsy. Surgical resection of the umbilical mass was performed, and histopathological analysis definitively confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis. This case report aims to discuss in depth the diagnosis and management of umbilical endometriosis.

Anterior vaginal cyst mimicking pelvic organ prolapse: Case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Large Anterior vaginal cysts can manifest as symptomatic genital prolapse, posing a diagnostic challenge due to their uncommon clinical presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 22-year-old primiparous woman with no previous medical history is admitted for delivery. Examination revealed a cystic mass on the anterior vaginal wall. Perineal ultrasound confirmed an independent cyst measuring 45x40x35 mm. The cyst was successfully aspirated, and the patient delivered without complications. At 12 months, the cyst reappeared, requiring vaginal surgical excision. Histological examination identified a Gartner cyst. During follow-up at 6 and 12 months, the patient remained asymptomatic. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Vaginal cysts typically present as small, solitary, and symptomless. However, they can grow in size, mimicking other conditions and often being misdiagnosed as cystoceles. Consequently, surgical excision of the vaginal cysts is the preferred treatment option, yielding positive anatomical outcomes and high patient satisfaction levels. CONCLUSIONS: In this report, we describe a rare case of a Gartner cyst found on the anterior vaginal wall. The report also underscores the crucial role of imaging in accurately identifying the cyst's location, assessing its association with adjacent tissues, and guiding the surgeon in devising an effective operative plan.

Septic Shock Following Operative Hysteroscopy in a Menopausal Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery such as hysteroscopy has a low risk of complications. Infections, however, are more common in the presence of risk factors such as smoking, history of pelvic inflammatory disease, and endometriosis. We report the case of a patient who underwent operative hysteroscopy without immediate complications and was admitted 2 days later to the emergency department in a severe state of septic shock. With multiple organ failures requiring admission to an intensive care unit, the patient died despite extensive antibiotic therapy and vasoactive drugs. Ascending infection can be a potentially fatal complication of hysteroscopy, even in the absence of known risk factors.

Breast metastasis 18 years after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a case report.

Metastasis of renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) to the breast is exceptional. Breast metastases of extra-mammary tumors are rare and usually involve melanoma, lymphoma or leukemia. We report the case of a patient with breast metastasis of renal clear cell carcinoma occurring 18 years after nephrectomy. A history of RCC should always raise suspicion about breast metastasis, a situation that remains exceptional and whose diagnosis relies on anatomopathology.