[Influence of type of infant feeding and other factors on the incidence of respiratory tract infections in infants followed at a primary care center]. / Influencia del tipo de lactancia y otros factores sobre la incidencia de infecciones del tracto respiratorio en lactantes controlados en un centro de atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of type of infant feeding on the incidence of lower (LRTI) and upper respiratory tract infections during the first 12 months of life. DESIGN: Historical cohort study. SETTING: Primary care centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 250 babies born at term between October 1, 1994 and February 1, 1998. INCLUSION CRITERIA: current medical record available at a participating primary care center, participation in a Healthy Baby Program, residence in the basic health area involved in the study, birth weight #>2500 g. Interventions. Breastfeeding alone or in combination with formula feeding; artificial feeding alone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS: Attending day care, antecedents of atopy, fathers and mothers smoking habit, parents level of education, number of persons in the household, mothers age. There was no association between type of feeding and the incidence of respiratory infections. All 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the odds ratios (OR) included the value of 1. At age 3 months, LRTI was associated with the number of persons in the household (OR, 1,87; 95% CI, 1.18-2.95) and with antecedents of atopy (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.19-7.4). At age 6 months, LRTI was associated with the number of persons in the household (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.07-2.44) and with attending day care (OR, 4.52; 95% CI, 1.20-17.1). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study breastfeeding was not effective in lowering the incidence of respiratory infections.

[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: study of eleven cases]. / Síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann: estudio de once casos.

In this paper we report a review of the omphalic pathology that was admitted to our hospital from january 1973 through december 1990. Eleven cases of Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome were diagnosed during this period of time. Our eleven cases comply with at least three of the four major criteria (omphalocele, macroglossia, gigantism and neonatal hypoglycemia) and several of the minor criteria. The interest of this paper is based on the rareness of this syndrome and its association in two of our cases with Cacchi-Ricci Syndrome. Moreover, one of these cases later presented with a Wilms' tumor. Finally, we emphasize the importance of an early diagnosis of this syndrome in order to avoid the metabolic disturbances (hypoglycemia), to establish prompt treatment of the serious anomalies (omphalocele) and to control and follow these patients since they have increased risk to develop neoplastic disease.

[Lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: estimation of the survival of patients with the disseminated form of the disease (stages III and IV) treated by the LSA2-L2 protocol]. / Linfoma no Hodgkin de tipo linfoblástico: evaluación de la supervivencia en pacientes con enfermedad diseminada (estadío III y IV) tratados con el protocolo LSA2-L2.

We analyze the survival rate in 17 pediatric patients (twelve males and five females) that were diagnoses of non-Hodgkin's lymphoblastic lymphoma (cases with Burkitt's lymphoma were excluded) during the period from 1982 to 1990. All of them were treated using the LSA2-L2 therapeutic protocol. The follow-up period ranged from 14 to 99 months (follow-up median 43 months). Staging of our newly diagnosed patients, we found 9 patients in stage III and 8 in stage IV disease. Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The overall survival rate of our patients is 69.5% and the disease free survival is 62.6%. The disease free survival for separated stages is 66.5% for stage III and 58.3% for stage IV. We compare our results with other casuisties published in literature.

[An analysis of the effect of tobacco on glucose metabolism]. / Análisis de la influencia del tabaco sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa.

BACKGROUND: The nicotine contained in tobacco smoke produces an elevation of the plasmatic catecholamines which, in turn, may be the cause of the increase in basal glycemia by several mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between cigarette consumption and the increase in glucose in smokers and non smokers. METHODS: Basal glycemia and glucosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined in 74 males, 38 smokers and 36 non smokers who were consulted and included in the prevention activities program of the center. RESULTS: Significantly greater fasting glycemia was found in smokers than in nonsmokers. However, upon analyzing the values of glucosylate hemoglobin no significant differences were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that nicotine contained in tobacco smoke produces a transitory hyperglycemia.