Resultados del primer registro de implante de cardiodesfibriladores y resincronizadores SAC (RENCARE) / Results of the First SAC Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Registry (RENCARE)

RESUMEN Introducción: La prevención de la muerte súbita y el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca son temas de gran importancia. Para prevenir la muerte súbita y mejorar el pronóstico de la insuficiencia cardíaca se utilizan los cardiodesfibriladores y cardioresincronizadores. Objetivos: Evaluar la cantidad y tipo de dispositivos implantados en nuestro país, así como las características de los pacientes, las complicaciones agudas y las que se presentan en el seguimiento. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, multicéntrico en centros de salud con la capacidad de implantar cardiodesfibriladores y cardioresincronizadores. Se incluyeron pacientes a los que se les realizó implante de estos dispositivos desde enero del 2016 hasta enero de 2017, con un seguimiento de 12 meses. Resultados: Se incluyeron 249 pacientes (edad promedio de 64,8 ± 13,7 años, 73,9% de sexo masculino, 72,1% con Fey < 35%). La etiología subyacente de la miocardiopatía era isquémica en el 39,8%, dilatada 26,7% y chagásica en el 11,2% de los casos. El 58% de los implantes realizados fueron cardiodesfibriladores y el 39%, cardiodesfibriladores asociados con cardioresincronizadores. El 84% de los procedimientos fueron primoimplantes. La indicación más frecuente del implante fue por prevención primaria de muerte súbita (67,9%). La tasa de complicaciones menores fue del 4,4% y no se reportaron complicaciones mayores. Conclusiones: El siguiente registro evidenció una gran proporción de implantes en pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica, la indicación principal fue por prevención primaria de muerte súbita y la tasa de complicaciones fue similar a la reportada internacionalmente.

ABSTRACT Background: Prevention of sudden death and treatment of heart failure are very important topics. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization devices are used to prevent sudden death and improve heart failure symptoms and prognosis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the number, type of implanted devices, clinical characteristics of the patients and acute and follow-up complications. Methods: An observational, prospective, multicenter study was carried out in healthcare centers with the capacity to implant cardioverter-defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization devices. The study included all patients who underwent implantation of these devices from January 2016 to January 2017, with a 12-month follow-up. Results: A total of 249 patients (73.9% men) with mean age of 64.8±13.7 years, and 72.1% with ejection fraction <35%, were included in the study. The underlying cardiomyopathy etiology was ischemic in 39.8% of cases, dilated in 26.7% and chagasic in 11.2%. Fifty-eight percent of implants were implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and 39% were cardioverter-defibrillators associated with cardiac resynchronization devices. In 84% of cases, procedures were first implants. The most frequent indica-tion of implantation was for primary prevention of sudden death (67.9%). Minor complication rate was 4.4% and no major complications were reported. Conclusions: The present registry evidenced a large proportion of cardioverter-defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization implants in patients with ischemic heart disease. The main indication was for primary prevention of sudden death and the complication rate was similar to that reported internationally.

Results of Cryoenergy and Radiofrequency-Based Catheter Ablation for Treating Ventricular Arrhythmias Arising From the Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle, Guided by Intracardiac Echocardiography and Image Integration.

BACKGROUND: Catheter radiofrequency ablation of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) arising from the left ventricle's papillary muscles has been associated with inconsistent results. The use of cryoenergy versus radiofrequency has not been compared yet. This study compares outcomes and complications of catheter ablation of VA from the papillary muscles of the left ventricle with either cryoenergy or radiofrequency. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-one patients (40±12 years old; 47% males; median ejection fraction 59±7.3%) with drug refractory premature ventricular contractions or ventricular tachycardia underwent catheter cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation. VAs were localized using 3-dimensional mapping, multidetector computed tomography, and intracardiac echocardiography, with arrhythmia foci being mapped at either the anterolateral papillary muscle or posteromedial papillary muscles of the left ventricle. Focal ablation was performed using an 8-mm cryoablation catheter or a 4-mm open-irrigated radiofrequency catheter, via transmitral approach. Acute success rate was 100% for cryoenergy (n=12) and 78% for radiofrequency (n=9; P=0.08). Catheter stability was achieved in all patients (100%) treated with cryoenergy, and only in 2 (25%) patients treated with radiofrequency (P=0.001). Incidence of multiple VA morphologies was observed in 7 patients treated with radiofrequency (77.7%), whereas none was observed in those treated with cryoenergy (P=0.001). VA recurrence at 6 months follow-up was 0% for cryoablation and 44% for radiofrequency (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Cryoablation was associated with higher success rates and lower recurrence rates than radiofrequency catheter ablation, better catheter stability, and lesser incidence of polymorphic arrhythmias.