RESUMO
In immunocompromised patients, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can present with atypical clinical symptoms that include poor response to treatment. No optimal therapeutic regimen is available for such cases. In a splenectomized male patient, we observed a disseminated form of the disease in the liver, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract. There was an apparent clinical improvement when he was initially treated with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB), but this was followed by a relapse involving severe clinical symptoms. He was finally treated successfully with a combination of L-AmB, meglumine antimoniate, and pentamidine isethionate. It is important to include asplenia as an immunosuppressive condition that induces exotic VL pathologies. In such cases, combination anti-Leishmania drug therapy should be considered.
Assuntos
Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Antimoniato de Meglumina/uso terapêutico , Pentamidina/uso terapêutico , Esplenectomia , Anfotericina B/administração & dosagem , Antiprotozoários/administração & dosagem , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Medula Óssea/parasitologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Mucosa Intestinal/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/imunologia , Linfonodos/parasitologia , Masculino , Antimoniato de Meglumina/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pentamidina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Urinary tract infection is a common problem worldwide. Its clinical characteristics and susceptibility rates of bacteria are important in determining the treatment of choice and its duration. This study assessed the frequency and susceptibility to antimicrobials of uropathogens isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State capital, northeastern Brazil, from 2007 to 2010. A total of 1,082 positive samples were evaluated; E. coli was the most prevalent pathogen (60.4%). With respect to the uropathogens susceptibility rates, the resistance of enterobacteria to ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was 24.4% and 50.6%, respectively. Susceptibility was over 90% for nitrofurantoin, aminoglycosides and third-generation cephalosporins. High resistance rates of uropathogens to quinolones and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim draws attention to the choice of these drugs on empirical treatments, especially in patients with pyelonephritis. Given the increased resistance of community bacteria to antimicrobials, local knowledge of susceptibility rates of uropathogens is essential for therapeutic decision making regarding patients with urinary tract infections.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Brasil , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Rhinocerebral zygomycosis is the most frequent form of fungal infection caused by members of the Zygomycetes class. A fatal case of rhinocerebral zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus (oryzae) arrhizus with histopathological and mycological diagnosis is reported in a diabetic patient.
Zigomicose rinocerebral é a forma mais frequente das infecções fúngicas causadas por membros da classe Zygomicetes. É relatado um caso fatal de zigomicose rinocerebral por Rhizopus (oryzae) arrhizus com diagnóstico histopatológico e micológico, em paciente diabética.