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1.
J Ultrasound Med ; 43(9): 1611-1625, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38808580

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to construct a machine learning model that merges clinical characteristics with ultrasound radiomic analysis-encompassing both the intratumoral and peritumoral-to predict the status of axillary lymph nodes in patients with early-stage breast cancer. METHODS: The study employed retrospective methods, collecting clinical information, ultrasound data, and postoperative pathological results from 321 breast cancer patients (including 224 in the training group and 97 in the validation group). Through correlation analysis, univariate analysis, and Lasso regression analysis, independent risk factors related to axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer were identified from conventional ultrasound and immunohistochemical indicators, and a clinical feature model was constructed. Additionally, features were extracted from ultrasound images of the intratumoral and its 1-5 mm peritumoral to establish a radiomics feature formula. Furthermore, by combining clinical features and ultrasound radiomics features, six machine learning models (Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbors) were compared for diagnostic efficacy, and constructing a joint prediction model based on the optimal ML algorithm. The use of Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) enhanced the visualization and interpretability of the model during the diagnostic process. RESULTS: Among the 321 breast cancer patients, 121 had axillary lymph node metastasis, and 200 did not. The clinical feature model had an AUC of 0.779 and 0.777 in the training and validation groups, respectively. Radiomics model analysis showed that the model including the Intratumor +3 mm peritumor area had the best diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.847 and 0.844 in the training and validation groups, respectively. The joint prediction model based on the XGBoost algorithm reached AUCs of 0.917 and 0.905 in the training and validation groups, respectively. SHAP analysis indicated that the Rad Score had the highest weight in the prediction model, playing a significant role in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. CONCLUSION: The predictive model, which integrates clinical features and radiomic characteristics using the XGBoost algorithm, demonstrates significant diagnostic value for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. This model can provide significant references for preoperative surgical strategy selection and prognosis evaluation for breast cancer patients, helping to reduce postoperative complications and improve long-term survival rates. Additionally, the utilization of SHAP enhancing the global and local interpretability of the model.


Assuntos
Axila , Neoplasias da Mama , Linfonodos , Metástase Linfática , Aprendizado de Máquina , Humanos , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfonodos/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Idoso , Ultrassonografia Mamária/métodos , Radiômica
2.
DNA Cell Biol ; 43(5): 232-244, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513058

RESUMO

Numerous studies have shown that circular RNAs are associated with the occurrence and development of various cancers, but the biological functions and mechanisms of hsa_circ_0006847 (circASPHD1) in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. The expression of hsa_circ_0006847 in GC cell lines, tissue, and plasma from GC patients was assayed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Hsa_circ_0006847 expression in cells was downregulated or upregulated by transfected small interfering RNA (siRNA) or overexpression plasmid. The role of hsa_circ_0006847 in GC was investigated with Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, Transwell, flow cytometry assays, and in a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model. In addition, the interaction of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3) and hsa_circ_0006847 was determined with western blot, biotin-labeled RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to validate the combination of EIF4A3 and synaptopodin-2 (SYNPO2). The expression of hsa_circ_0006847 was decreased in GC tissues and cells and indicated poor survival and prognosis. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0006847 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Flow cytometry showed that upregulation of hsa_circ_0006847 resulted in promotion of apoptosis of GC cells and inhibited their progression through the G0/G1 phase. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0006847 expression had the opposite effects. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0006847 in subcutaneous tumor xenografts inhibited tumor growth. Mechanically, hsa_circ_0006847 promoted the binding of EIF4A3 to SYNPO2 by recruiting EIF4A3, which inhibited the growth of GC. The tumor suppressor activity of hsa_circ_0006847, inhibition of the occurrence and development of GC, was mediated by promotion of EIF4A3 and the binding of EIF4A3 to SYNPO2. The results support the study of hsa_circ_0006847 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of GC.


Assuntos
Proliferação de Células , Fator de Iniciação 4A em Eucariotos , Camundongos Nus , RNA Circular , Neoplasias Gástricas , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Humanos , Fator de Iniciação 4A em Eucariotos/metabolismo , Fator de Iniciação 4A em Eucariotos/genética , RNA Circular/genética , RNA Circular/metabolismo , Animais , Proliferação de Células/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Camundongos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Movimento Celular/genética , Feminino , Masculino , Apoptose/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Helicases DEAD-box
3.
Dig Dis Sci ; 69(4): 1200-1213, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38400886

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) play essential roles in cancer occurrence as regulatory RNAs. However, circRNA-mediated regulation of gastric cancer (GC) remains poorly understood. AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of circSLC22A23 (hsa_circ_0075504) underlying GC occurrence. METHODS: CircSLC22A23 levels were first quantified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in GC cell lines, 80 paired GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and 27 pairs of plasma samples from preoperative and postoperative patients with GC. Then circSLC22A23 was knocked-down with short hairpin RNA to analyze its oncogenic effects on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Finally, circRNA-binding proteins and their downstream target genes were identified by RNA pulldown, mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot assays. RESULTS: CircSLC22A23 was found to be highly expressed in GC cells, GC tissues, and plasma from GC patients. Knockdown of circSLC22A23 inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays verified the interaction between circSLC22A23 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU). Knockdown of circSLC22A23 decreased HNRNPU protein levels. Moreover, rescue assays showed that the tumor suppressive effect of circSLC22A23 knockdown was reversed by HNRNPU overexpression. Finally, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was found to be one of the downstream target genes of HNRNPU that was up regulated by circSLC22A23. CONCLUSION: CircSLC22A23 regulated the transcription of EGFR through activation of HNRNPU in GC cells, suggesting that circSLC22A23 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC.


Assuntos
MicroRNAs , RNA Circular , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Ribonucleoproteínas Nucleares Heterogêneas Grupo U/genética , Ribonucleoproteínas Nucleares Heterogêneas Grupo U/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Circular/genética , RNA Circular/metabolismo , RNA Interferente Pequeno , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Transportadores de Ânions Orgânicos/genética
4.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 52(3): 274-283, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38105371

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Explore the feasibility of using the multimodal ultrasound (US) radiomics technology to diagnose American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4-5 thyroid nodules. METHOD: This study prospectively collected the clinical characteristics, conventional, and US elastography images of 100 patients diagnosed with ACR TI-RADS 4-5 nodules from May 2022 to 2023. Independent risk factors for malignant thyroid nodules were extracted and screened using methods such as the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression (LR) model, and a multimodal US radiomics combined diagnostic model was established. Using a multifactorial LR analysis and a Rad-score rating, the predictive performance was validated and evaluated, and the final threshold range was determined to assess the clinical net benefit of the model. RESULTS: In the training set, the US radiomics combined predictive model area under curve (AUC = 0.928) had higher diagnostic performance compared with clinical characteristics (AUC = 0.779), conventional US (AUC = 0.794), and US elastography model (AUC = 0.852). In the validation set, the multimodal US radiomics combined diagnostic model (AUC = 0.829) also had higher diagnostic performance compared with clinical characteristics (AUC = 0.799), conventional US (AUC = 0.802), and US elastography model (AUC = 0.718). CONCLUSION: Multi-modal US radiomics technology can effectively diagnose thyroid nodules of ACR TI-RADS 4-5, and the combination of radiomics signature and conventional US features can further improve the diagnostic performance.


Assuntos
Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Radiômica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Tecnologia
5.
Front Oncol ; 13: 1060702, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37251934

RESUMO

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL) algorithms, has demonstrated remarkable progress in image-recognition tasks, enabling the automatic quantitative assessment of complex medical images with increased accuracy and efficiency. AI is widely used and is becoming increasingly popular in the field of ultrasound. The rising incidence of thyroid cancer and the workload of physicians have driven the need to utilize AI to efficiently process thyroid ultrasound images. Therefore, leveraging AI in thyroid cancer ultrasound screening and diagnosis cannot only help radiologists achieve more accurate and efficient imaging diagnosis but also reduce their workload. In this paper, we aim to present a comprehensive overview of the technical knowledge of AI with a focus on traditional machine learning (ML) algorithms and DL algorithms. We will also discuss their clinical applications in the ultrasound imaging of thyroid diseases, particularly in differentiating between benign and malignant nodules and predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer. Finally, we will conclude that AI technology holds great promise for improving the accuracy of thyroid disease ultrasound diagnosis and discuss the potential prospects of AI in this field.

6.
Front Oncol ; 12: 990603, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36439514

RESUMO

Objective: This study compared the diagnostic value of various diagnostic methods for lymph node metastasis (LNM) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) through network meta-analysis. Methods: In this experiment, databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and Web of Science were retrieved according to the Cochrane database, Prisma, and NMAP command manual. A meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15.0, and the value of the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to determine the most effective diagnostic method. Quality assessments were performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool, and publication bias was assessed using Deeks' funnel plot. Results: A total of 38 articles with a total of 6285 patients were included. A total of 12 diagnostic methods were used to study patients with LNM of PTC. The results showed that 12 studies were direct comparisons and 8 studies were indirect comparisons. According to the comprehensive analysis of the area of SUCRA, US+CT(86.8) had the highest sensitivity, FNAC had the highest specificity (92.4) and true positive predictive value (89.4), and FNAC+FNA-Tg had higher negative predictive value (99.4) and accuracy (86.8). In the non-invasive method, US+CT had the highest sensitivity, and the sensitivity (SEN) was [OR=0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.30, 0.89]. Among the invasive methods, the combined application of FNAC+FNA-Tg had higher diagnostic performance. The sensitivity was [OR=0.62, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.98)], the specificity (SPE) was [OR=1.12, 95% CI: (0.59, 1.64)], the positive predictive value was [OR=0.98, 95% CI: (0.59, 1.37)], the negative predictive value was [OR=0.64, 95% CI (0.38, 0.90)], and the accuracy was [OR=0.71, 95% CI: (0.31, 1.12)]. Conclusion: In the non-invasive method, the combined application of US+CT had good diagnostic performance, and in the invasive method, the combined application of FNAC+FNA-Tg had high diagnostic performance, and the above two methods were recommended.

7.
J Clin Lab Anal ; 36(12): e24783, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36426933

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable molecules with covalently closed structures that have an irreplaceable role in the occurrence, progression, and even treatment of plenty of cancers. Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator in cancers and plays several biological functions, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, autophagy, and apoptosis. METHODS: All data were collected through PubMed and CNKI, using terms including "circRNA," "mTOR," "caner," "signaling pathway," "biomarker," "diagnosis," "treatment." Articles published in Chinese and English were included. RESULTS: In this review, the expression, function, and mechanism of circRNA-associated mTOR in cancers were described. CircRNA-associated-mTOR can regulate the progression and therapy of a variety of cancers in multiple signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mTOR, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/mTOR, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR axis. These cancers including esophageal carcinoma (circLPAR3, ciRS-7), gastric cancer (circNRIP1, hsa_circ_0010882, hsa_circ_0000117, hsa_circ_0072309, and circST3GAL6), colorectal cancer (hsa_circ_0000392, hsa_circ_0084927, hsa_circ_0104631, and circFBXW7), liver cancer (circC16orf62, hsa_circ_100338, hsa_circ_0004001, hsa_circ_0004123, hsa_circ_0075792, hsa_circ_0079299, and hsa_circ_0002130), pancreatic cancer (circ-IARS and circRHOBTB3), renal carcinoma (ciRS-7), bladder cancer (circUBE2K), prostate cancer (circMBOAT2 and circ-ITCH), ovarian cancer (circEEF2, circRAB11FIP1, circMYLK, and circTPCN), endometrial cancer (hsa_circ_0002577 and circWHSC1), lung cancer (circHIPK3, hsa_circ_0001666), thyroid cancer (hsa_circ_0007694 and hsa_circ_0008274), glioma (circGFRA1, circ-MAPK4, circPCMTD1, and hsa_circ_0037251), osteosarcoma (circTCF25), leukemia (circ-PRKDC), and breast cancer (hsa_circ_0000199, circUBAP2, and circWHSC1).


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Neoplasias Renais , MicroRNAs , Osteossarcoma , Masculino , Animais , Humanos , RNA Circular/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proliferação de Células/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Osteossarcoma/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Renais/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Mamíferos/genética , Mamíferos/metabolismo
8.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 50(1): 60-69, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34625988

RESUMO

To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes metastasis (CLNM) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), eight available datasets of seven qualified articles before March 31, 2021 were included after a comprehensive search. Meta-analysis results showed that CEUS demonstrated acceptable diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of CLNM of PTC. Furthermore, meta-regression analysis was conducted to identify the reasons for heterogeneity and the results indicated that the criteria of CEUS for the diagnosis of CLNM in PTC need to be unified.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia
9.
Med Sci Monit ; 27: e929913, 2021 Feb 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33556045

RESUMO

BACKGROUND Two diagnostic models of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CS-PCa) were established using clinical data of among patients whose prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are in the gray area (4.0-10.0 ng/ml). MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from 181 patients whose PSA levels were in the gray area were retrospectively analyzed, and the following data were collected: age, digital rectal examination, total PSA, PSA density (PSAD), free/total PSA (f/t PSA), transrectal ultrasound, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and pathological reports. Patients were diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa by pathology reports, and PCa patients were separated into non-clinically significant PCa (NCS-PCa) and CS-PCa by Gleason score. Afterward, predictor models constructed by above parameters were researched to diagnose PCa and CS-PCa, respectively. RESULTS According to the analysis of included clinical data, there were 109 patients with BPH, 44 patients with NCS-PCa, and 28 patients with CS-PCa. Regression analysis showed PCa was correlated with f/t PSA, PSAD, and mpMRI (P<0.01), and CS-PCa was correlated with PSAD and mpMRI (P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 2 models for PCa (sensitivity=73.64%, specificity=64.23%) and for CS-PCa (sensitivity=71.41%, specificity=81.82%) were 0.79 and 0.87, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prediction models had satisfactory diagnostic value for PCa and CS-PCa among patients with PSA in the gray area, and use of these models may help reduce overdiagnosis.


Assuntos
Calicreínas/sangue , Modelos Estatísticos , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Biópsia/estatística & dados numéricos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exame Retal Digital/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Uso Excessivo dos Serviços de Saúde/prevenção & controle , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética Multiparamétrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Gradação de Tumores , Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Próstata/patologia , Hiperplasia Prostática/sangue , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Curva ROC , Valores de Referência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Ultrassonografia/estatística & dados numéricos
10.
World J Clin Cases ; 8(22): 5589-5602, 2020 Nov 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33344549

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver malignancy. From the results of previous studies, Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has shown satisfactory diagnostic value. However, a unified conclusion on the interobserver stability of this innovative ultrasound imaging has not been determined. The present meta-analysis examined the interobserver agreement of CEUS LI-RADS to provide some reference for subsequent related research. AIM: To evaluate the interobserver agreement of LI-RADS on CEUS and analyze the sources of heterogeneity between studies. METHODS: Relevant papers on the subject of interobserver agreement on CEUS LI-RADS published before March 1, 2020 in China and other countries were analyzed. The studies were filtered, and the diagnostic criteria were evaluated. The selected references were analyzed using the "meta" and "metafor" packages of R software version 3.6.2. RESULTS: Eight studies were ultimately included in the present analysis. Meta-analysis results revealed that the summary Kappa value of included studies was 0.76 [95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.83], which shows substantial agreement. Higgins I 2 statistics also confirmed the substantial heterogeneity (I 2 = 91.30%, 95% confidence interval, 85.3%-94.9%, P < 0.01). Meta-regression identified the variables, including the method of patient enrollment, method of consistency testing, and patient race, which explained the substantial study heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: CEUS LI-RADS demonstrated overall substantial interobserver agreement, but heterogeneous results between studies were also obvious. Further clinical investigations should consider a modified recommendation about the experimental design.

11.
Adv Parasitol ; 110: 1-62, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32563322

RESUMO

Being a zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis was widely spread in 12 provinces of Southern China in the 1950s, severly harming human health and hindering economic development. The National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at the Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, and Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research (NIPD-CTDR), as the only professional institution focussing on parasitic diseases at the national level, has played an important role in schistosomiasis control in the country. In this article, we look back at the changes of schistosomiasis endemicity and the contribution of NIPD-CTDR to the national schistosomiasis control programme. We review NIPD-CTDR's activities, including field investigations, design of control strategies and measures, development of diagnostics and drugs, surveillance-response of endemic situation, and monitoring & evaluation of the programme. The NIPD-CTDR has mastered the transmission status of schistosomiasis, mapped the snail distribution, and explored strategies and measures suitable for different types of endemic areas in China. With a good understanding of the life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum and transmission patterns of the disease, advanced research carried out in the NIPD-CTDR based on genomics and modern technology has made it possible to explore highly efficient and soft therapeutic drugs and molluscicides, making it possible to develop new diagnostic tools and produce vaccine candidates. In the field, epidemiological studies, updated strategies and targeted intervention measures developed by scientists from the NIPD-CTDR have contributed significantly to the national schistosomiasis control programme. This all adds up to a strong foundation for eliminating schistosomiasis in China in the near future, and recommendations have been put forward how to reach this goal.


Assuntos
Academias e Institutos , Doenças Endêmicas/prevenção & controle , Programas Governamentais , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Esquistossomose Japônica , Animais , Bovinos , China/epidemiologia , Erradicação de Doenças , Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos , Humanos , Moluscocidas , Esquistossomose Japônica/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose Japônica/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose Japônica/transmissão , Vacinação
12.
Adv Parasitol ; 110: 349-371, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32563331

RESUMO

Parasitic diseases have been widely epidemic in China with a long history. Great endeavours made in past 70 years led to significant decrease in morbidity and mortablity caused by several major parasitic diseases, while challenges existed to eliminate parasitic diseases. Surveillance-response system has play a crucial role in identifying public health problems, ascertaining the distribution and epidemic dynamics, discovering outbreaks and epidemic anomalies, evaluating the effects of on-site intervention activities and identifying risk factors. In this article, we reviewed the progress of the surveillance system for parasitic diseases, analysed the role of NIPD in the construction and application of surveillance-response system of parasitic diseases through elaborating the surveillance activities and typical surveillance-response events led by NIPD. Suggestion and comments for improve the surveillance-response system were put forward for further control or elimination of parasitic diseases.


Assuntos
Academias e Institutos , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Programas Governamentais , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Doenças Parasitárias , Animais , China/epidemiologia , Humanos , Doenças Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Doenças Parasitárias/prevenção & controle
13.
Med Ultrason ; 22(2): 211-219, 2020 May 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32399528

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the value of S-Detect (a computer aided diagnosis system using deep learning) in breast ultrasound (US) for discriminating benign and malignant breast masses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was performed and relevant studies using S-Detect for the differential diagnosis of breast masses were selected. The quality of included studies was assessed using a Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) questionnaire. Two review authors independently searched the articles and assessed the eligibility of the reports. RESULTS: A total of ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.77-0.87) and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.76-0.92), respectively. In addition, the diagnostic odds ratios, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 28 (95%CI: 16- 49), 5.7 (95%CI: 3.4-9.5), and 0.21 (95%CI: 0.16-0.27), respectively. Area under the curve was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.86-0.92). No significant publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS: S-Detect exhibited a favourable diagnostic value in assisting physicians discriminating benign and malignant breast masses and it can be considered as a useful complement for conventional US.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Mamária/métodos , Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
14.
J Ultrasound Med ; 39(2): 213-222, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31343772

RESUMO

To estimate the diagnostic performance of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in distinguishing between benign and malignant superficial lymph nodes, relevant articles published before October 31, 2018, in China and other countries were used. Conclusively, a total of 18 articles were analyzed. Sixteen studies used Virtual Touch tissue quantification (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany), and 4 studies used Virtual Touch tissue imaging (Siemens Healthineers). After a meta-analysis, it was found that acoustic radiation force impulse elastography is an efficient method for detecting superficial lymph nodes. In addition, if the cutoff value for the shear wave velocity were less than 2.85 m/s, the summary sensitivity would increase, and the heterogeneity would be reduced.


Assuntos
Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade/métodos , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos
15.
Infect Dis Poverty ; 7(1): 91, 2018 Aug 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30115099

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB,both smear positive and smear negative) is an airborne infectious disease of major public health concern in China and other parts of the world where PTB endemicity is reported. This study aims at identifying PTB spatio-temporal clusters and associated risk factors in Zhaotong prefecture-level city, located in southwest China, where the PTB notification rate was higher than the average rate in the entire country. METHODS: Space-time scan statistics were carried out using PTB registered data in the nationwide TB online registration system from 2011 to 2015, to identify spatial clusters. PTB patients diagnosed between October 2015 and February 2016 were selected and a structured questionnaire was administered to collect a set of variables that includes socio-economic status, behavioural characteristics, local environmental and biological characteristics. Based on the discovery of detailed town-level spatio-temporal PTB clusters, we divided selected subjects into two groups including the cases that resides within and outside identified clusters. Then, logistic regression analysis was applied comparing the results of variables between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 1508 subjects consented and participated in the survey. Clusters for PTB cases were identified in 38 towns distributed over south-western Zhaotong. Logistic regression analysis showed that history of chronic bronchitis (OR = 3.683, 95% CI: 2.180-6.223), living in an urban area (OR = 5.876, 95% CI: 2.381-14.502) and using coal as the main fuel (OR = 9.356, 95% CI: 5.620-15.576) were independently associated with clustering. While, not smoking (OR = 0.340, 95% CI: 0.137-0.843) is the protection factor of spatial clustering. CONCLUSIONS: We found PTB specially clustered in south-western Zhaotong. The strong associated factors influencing the PTB spatial cluster including: the history of chronic bronchitis, living in the urban area, smoking and the use of coal as the main fuel for cooking and heating. Therefore, efforts should be made to curtail these associated factors.


Assuntos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Bronquite Crônica/fisiopatologia , China/epidemiologia , Cidades , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/fisiopatologia , Classe Social , Conglomerados Espaço-Temporais , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/transmissão
16.
Surg Endosc ; 30(7): 2873-8, 2016 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26490768

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have addressed the safety and feasibility of endoscopic band ligation (EBL) for the treatment of small gastric GISTs. However, published reports comparing EBL with other interventions are limited. This current study evaluates the efficacy of EBL and compares EBL to both endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and laparoscopic resection (LAP) for small gastric GISTs less than 15 mm. METHODS: A total of 339 patients who underwent endoscopic therapy or laparoscopic resection for gastric GISTs between 1998 and 2012 were retrospectively identified and collected from medical records in our hospital. The parameters measured for each procedure type includes clinicopathological characteristics, length of stay, hospitalization expense and surgical outcomes. RESULTS: Among the 147 patients included in our study, 72 (48.98 %) received EBL, 27 (18.37 %) received ESD, and 48 (32.65 %) received LAP. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients such as gender, age, tumor site and size were well balanced between the study groups. There was also no significant difference in follow-up time between the study groups. The mean operating time was significantly shorter in the patients receiving EBL than patients receiving ESD and LAP (p < 0.001). The estimated blood loss was significantly different between the three groups (p < 0.001). Complications occurred in 1.39 % of the patients receiving EBL, 18.52 % of the patients receiving ESD and 4.17 % of the patients receiving LAP (p = 0.004), and recurrence rate in 15.00, 9.10 and 11.76 %, respectively (p = 0.705). There was also significant difference about mean hospital stay and hospital cost between three groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results show a significant advantage in the short-term outcome for EBL compared to ESD and LAP. However, long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the three methods for the treatment of small GISTs.


Assuntos
Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , China , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Feminino , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/mortalidade , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Humanos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Tempo de Internação , Ligadura , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/mortalidade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Duração da Cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol ; 8(4): 4171-6, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26097609

RESUMO

DNA repair genes is a key factor for cancer susceptibility, and we conducted a case-control study to investigate the association of XRCC1 codons 194 (Arg to Trp), 280 (Arg to His) and 399 (Arg to Gln) with risk of NSCLC. 210 NSCLC patients and 210 health control subjects were randomly selected from Huaihe Hospital between January 2012 and June 2014. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was taken to assess the genotyping of XRCC1 Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found individuals carrying with Trp/Trp and Arg/Trp + Trp/Trp genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk of NSCLC compared with Arg/Arg genotype, and the OR (95% CI) were 3.15 (1.32-8.09) and 1.52 (1.02-2.28), respectively. The potential association of Arg/Trp+ Trp/Trp genotype of XRCC1 Arg194Trp with the risk of NSCLC is more evidence in smokers, and the OR (95% CI) was 1.78 (1.01-3.24). In conclusion, we found that XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism may be associated with NSCLC risk, especially in smokers.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Fenótipo , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Proteína 1 Complementadora Cruzada de Reparo de Raio-X
18.
Acta Trop ; 145: 88-92, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25700711

RESUMO

Coverage of migrating people in schistosomiasis control program is a growing concern in China. Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum is still one of the major infectious diseases of public health importance in China though tremendous efforts have been made to control the transmission over the past decades. Along with the rapid social-economic development, migrant population has been remarkably increasing across the country. The infected migrants may introduce a new souse of infection to endemic areas or the areas where the transmission had been controlled or interrupted but the intermediate host Oncomelania snail is still present. Preliminary studies for surveillance on schistosomiasis prevalence in migrants were reported, but there is little basic information provided. We carried out an investigation on the prevalence in immigrants, emigrants and permanent residents in three villages of Hunan province located in the main endemic area of lake region, and analyzed the potential impact of migration on control practice. In the study villages, the migrant population accounts for 53.6% of the total. Schistosoma infection was detected by modified Kato-Katz method and miracidium hatching test. Questionnaire survey was conducted comprising knowledge of disease and its transmission, water contact, personal protective measures, and whether examined and treated after water contact. The survey indicated that the migrants and permanent residents had similar life style, and the majority of them experienced water contact in agricultural work or routine life activities. However, the infection rate in immigrants was significantly higher than that in permanent residents. It was also found that the migrants had significantly less knowledge about the disease than the permanent residents, and took no personal protective measures. This is due to that the control program could not cover the migrants when they were absent at the time the program being implemented. The present study suggested that the surveillance and intervention for migrants, immigrants in particular, should be included and strengthened in schistosomiasis control program and a feasible scheme be developed.


Assuntos
Schistosoma japonicum/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose Japônica/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose Japônica/prevenção & controle , Esquistossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , China/epidemiologia , Gerenciamento Clínico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Esquistossomose Japônica/tratamento farmacológico , Caramujos/parasitologia , Adulto Jovem
20.
Clin Lab ; 61(12): 1821-30, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26882803

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the hypermethylation of APAF-1, DAPK-1 and other tumor suppressive genes (TSGs) correlates with progression of renal cell carcinoma and exerts prognostic and diagnostic relevance in renal cell carcinoma. A recent study has confirmed that demethylation regulates the TSGs expression and proliferation of various types of cancer cells. The present study was to recognize a potential anti-tumor effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC), a demethylation agent. METHODS: We evaluated the DNA demethylation by DAC in human renal carcinoma cells and determined the synergism of the demethylation with the toxicity of Cisplatin (CDDP), which is a commonly utilized anti-tumor agent for renal carcinoma. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that DAC promoted a significant global genomic demethylation and improved APAF-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The DAC treatment deteriorated the CDDP-induced viability decreasing Caki or ACHN cells and synergized the apoptosis induction of CDDP in ACHN cells. The treatment with both DAC and CDDP promoted a significantly higher level of renal carcinoma cell apoptosis than singular DAC or CDDP treatment. The APAF-1 knockdown significantly inhibited the synergism of DAC with the CDDP-induced apoptosis in ACHN cells. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirmed that DAC demethylated the CpGs, particularly APAF-1 in renal carcinoma cells, and that the demethylation synergized the cytotoxity of CDDP in renal carcinoma cells via enhancing the CDDP-induced apoptosis.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator Apoptótico 1 Ativador de Proteases/fisiologia , Azacitidina/análogos & derivados , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Neoplasias Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Fator Apoptótico 1 Ativador de Proteases/análise , Azacitidina/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Metilação de DNA , Decitabina , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/patologia
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