[Recommendations based on the management of patients with Crohn disease in the Peruvian context. Position paper of the Association for the Study of the Intestine (ASPEIN)]. / Recomendaciones basadas en el manejo de pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Crohn en el contexto peruano. Documento de posición de la Asociación Peruana para el Estudio del Intestino (ASPEIN).

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract whose etiology is unknown, which can transmurally affect any segment of the intestine and/or the perineal region. Worldwide, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease has increased in recent decades, and the same upward trend can be seen in South America. At national level, there are no official data, however, the increase in the number of publications in the last 20 years confirms this upward trend. Crohn's disease is a forgotten disease and does not have implemented clinical guidelines based on evidence that contribute to clinicians in decision making. In this sense, the Peruvian Association for the Study of the Intestine considers the preparation of this document relevant and timely. clinical contextualized for Peru.

[Traversing the path to success in bariatric surgery: the fundamental role of bariatric endoscopy]. / Recorriendo el camino hacia el éxito en cirugía bariátrica: el rol fundamental de la endoscopia bariátrica.

Obesity has become a growing global epidemic, demanding effective solutions for its management. Bariatric-metabolic surgery is currently the best therapeutic option for patients with morbid obesity and associated comorbidities. This review article addresses the importance of endoscopy in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation, as well as in the detection and management of complications associated with bariatric surgery.

[Severe gastroparesia associated with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight loss]. / Gastroparesia severa asociada al uso de agonistas del receptor GLP-1 para bajar de peso.

Initially developed as medications for diabetes mellitus, GLP-1 agonists have gained much popularity in the treatment of obesity and weight loss. The present case describes a 69-year-old woman with a history of peptic ulcer and use of NSAIDs, who presented with abdominal pain and oral intolerance refractory to conventional management, for which an upper digestive endoscopy was performed, diagnosing severe gastroparesis. Asking more about the story, revealed surreptitious use of semaglutide. She continued with supportive therapy and the symptoms resolved spontaneously. The present case report aims to warn of the potential risks of the use of GLP-1 analogues in the context of endoscopy with sedation.

Recomendaciones basadas en el manejo de pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Crohn en el contexto peruano. Documento de posición de la Asociación Peruana para el Estudio del Intestino (ASPEIN) / Recommendations based on the management of patients with Crohn disease in the Peruvian context. Position paper of the Association for the Study of the Intestine (ASPEIN)

RESUMEN La enfermedad de Crohn es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica del tracto gastrointestinal cuya etiología es desconocida, que puede afectar de manera transmural cualquier segmento del intestino y/o la región perineal. A nivel mundial, la incidencia de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas, y la misma tendencia ascendente se aprecia en Sudamérica. A nivel nacional, no existen datos oficiales, sin embargo, el incremento en el número de publicaciones en los últimos 20 años, confirma esta tendencia ascendente. La enfermedad de Crohn es una enfermedad olvidada y no cuenta con directrices clínicas implementadas basadas en evidencia que contribuyan con los clínicos en la toma de decisiones, en este sentido, la Asociación Peruana para el Estudio del Intestino considera relevante y oportuno la elaboración de este documento clínico contextualizado para el Perú.

ABSTRACT Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract whose etiology is unknown, which can transmurally affect any segment of the intestine and/or the perineal region. Worldwide, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease has increased in recent decades, and the same upward trend can be seen in South America. At national level, there are no official data, however, the increase in the number of publications in the last 20 years confirms this upward trend. Crohn's disease is a forgotten disease and does not have implemented clinical guidelines based on evidence that contribute to clinicians in decision making. In this sense, the Peruvian Association for the Study of the Intestine considers the preparation of this document relevant and timely. clinical contextualized for Peru.

Recorriendo el camino hacia el éxito en cirugía bariátrica: el rol fundamental de la endoscopia bariátrica / Traversing the path to success in bariatric surgery: the fundamental role of bariatric endoscopy

RESUMEN La obesidad se ha convertido en una creciente epidemia de alcance global, exigiendo soluciones efectivas para su manejo. Actualmente, la cirugía bariátrica-metabólica es la mejor opción terapéutica en los pacientes con obesidad mórbida y comorbilidades asociadas. Este artículo de revisión aborda la importancia de la endoscopia en la evaluación pre y post operatoria, así como en la detección y manejo de las complicaciones asociadas a la cirugía bariátrica.

ABSTRACT Obesity has become a growing global epidemic, demanding effective solutions for its management. Bariatric-metabolic surgery is currently the best therapeutic option for patients with morbid obesity and associated comorbidities. This review article addresses the importance of endoscopy in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation, as well as in the detection and management of complications associated with bariatric surgery.

Gastroparesia severa asociada al uso de agonistas del receptor GLP-1 para bajar de peso / Severe gastroparesia associated with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight loss

RESUMEN Inicialmente desarrollados como medicamentos para la diabetes mellitus, los agonistas GLP-1 han ganado mucha popularidad en el tratamiento de la obesidad y la pérdida de peso. El presente caso describe a una mujer de 69 años con antecedente de úlcera péptica y consumo de AINES, quien cursó con dolor abdominal e intolerancia oral refractaria al manejo convencional, por lo que se realizó una endoscopía digestiva alta, diagnosticándose gastroparesia severa. Al ampliar la anamnesis, se reveló el uso subrepticio de semaglutida. Se continuó con terapia de soporte y los síntomas remitieron espontáneamente. El presente reporte de caso tiene como objetivo advertir los riesgos potenciales del uso de análogos de GLP-1 en el contexto de una endoscopía con sedación.

ABSTRACT Initially developed as medications for diabetes mellitus, GLP-1 agonists have gained much popularity in the treatment of obesity and weight loss. The present case describes a 69-yearold woman with a history of peptic ulcer and use of NSAIDs, who presented with abdominal pain and oral intolerance refractory to conventional management, for which an upper digestive endoscopy was performed, diagnosing severe gastroparesis. Asking more about the story, revealed surreptitious use of semaglutide. She continued with supportive therapy and the symptoms resolved spontaneously. The present case report aims to warn of the potential risks of the use of GLP-1 analogues in the context of endoscopy with sedation.

[Massive pulmonary thromboembolism in a patient with Crohn's disease and latent tuberculosis treated with ustekinumab]. / Tromboembolia pulmonar masiva en un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn y tuberculosis latente tratada con ustekinumab.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a spectrum of chronic immune-mediated diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract and other extraintestinal systems, behaving as a systemic disease. Thromboembolic phenomena are a frequent complication in IBD, because of hypercoagulability states associated with disease activity, and their presence has a negative impact on prognosis and patient survival. Due to this, the control of the inflammatory activity of IBD is one of the pillars in the control of thromboembolic events. Biological drugs are associated with rapid control of the inflammatory process, however, the security profile for the reactivation of latent infections, particularly tuberculosis, is always discussed. We present the case of a 37-year-old patient who presented with deep vein thrombosis in the left lower limb and later with massive pulmonary thromboembolism. During his evaluation, he was diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD). When carrying out the studies prior to the use of biologics, PPD and quantiferon tests were positive. After discussing the case, we decided to start treatment with ustekinumab.

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma in a cirrhotic patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomas (RCL) are rare benign tumors of the lymphatic system. They account for less than 1% of all lymphangiomas. Surgical resection is the recommended treatment option; however, obtaining a pre-operative diagnosis is often difficult and, in most cases, the final diagnosis is only possible following histological assessment of the surgical specimen. This report describes a case of RCL in a 58-year-old female cirrhotic patient who presented to our center with dull aching abdominal pain and distension. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a RCL in a cirrhotic patient reported in the literature.

Tromboembolia pulmonar masiva en un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn y tuberculosis latente tratada con ustekinumab

La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) es un espectro de enfermedades crónicas inmunomediadas que afectan tanto el tracto gastrointestinal, como otros sistemas extraintestinales, comportándose como una enfermedad sistémica. Los fenómenos tromboembólicos son una complicación frecuente en la EII, como consecuencia de los estados de hipercoagulabilidad que se asocian con la actividad de la enfermedad, y su aparición tiene un impacto negativo tanto en el pronóstico como en la sobrevida de los pacientes. Debido a ello, el control de la actividad inflamatoria de la EII es uno de los pilares en el control de los eventos tromboembólicos. Los medicamentos biológicos se asocian al control rápido del cuadro inflamatorio, sin embargo, siempre se discute el tema de seguridad para la reactivación de infecciones latentes, en particular tuberculosis. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 37 años que debutó con trombosis venosa profunda en el miembro inferior izquierdo y posteriormente con tromboembolismo pulmonar masivo. Luego de investigar la etiología y ampliar la historia clínica se le diagnosticó Enfermedad de Crohn (EC). Al realizar los estudios previos al uso de biológicos, las pruebas de PPD y quantiferon resultaron positivas, luego de la discusión del caso se decidió iniciar tratamiento con ustekinumab.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a spectrum of chronic immune-mediated diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract and other extraintestinal systems, behaving as a systemic disease. Thromboembolic phenomena are a frequent complication in IBD, because of hypercoagulability states associated with disease activity, and their presence has a negative impact on prognosis and patient survival. Due to this, the control of the inflammatory activity of IBD is one of the pillars in the control of thromboembolic events. Biological drugs are associated with rapid control of the inflammatory process, however, the security profile for the reactivation of latent infections, particularly tuberculosis, is always discussed. We present the case of a 37-year-old patient who presented with deep vein thrombosis in the left lower limb and later with massive pulmonary thromboembolism. During his evaluation, he was diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD). When carrying out the studies prior to the use of biologics, PPD and quantiferon tests were positive. After discussing the case, we decided to start treatment with ustekinumab.

[Diphyllobotrium Spp. as a cause of chronic diarrhea diagnosed only by colonoscopy or capsule endoscopy]. / Diphyllobotrium Spp. como causa de diarrea crónica diagnosticada solo por colonoscopia o c ápsula endoscópica.

We present two patients with chronic diarrhea, with multiple negative studies, both had in common vitamin B12 deficiency. Both patients had multiple studies of parasites in negative stool. Only after colonoscopy in the first case and capsule endoscopy in the second case, it was possible to diagnose the adult forms of Diphyllobotrium spp. After treatment, both patients completely resolved their symptoms.

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma in a cirrhotic patient: A case report and review of the literature

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomas (RCL) are rare benign tumors of the lymphatic system. They account for less than 1% of all lymphangiomas. Surgical resection is the recommended treatment option; however, obtaining a pre-operative diagnosis is often difficult and, in most cases, the final diagnosis is only possible following histological assessment of the surgical specimen. This report describes a case of RCL in a 58-year-old female cirrhotic patient who presented to our center with dull aching abdominal pain and distension. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a RCL in a cirrhotic patient reported in the literature.

Los linfangiomas quísticos retroperitoneales (LQR) son tumores benignos raros del sistema linfático y representan menos del 1% de todos los linfangiomas. La resección quirúrgica es la opción de tratamiento recomendada; sin embargo, obtener un diagnóstico preoperatorio suele ser difícil y, en la mayoría de los casos, el diagnóstico final solo es posible tras la evaluación histológica de la pieza operatoria. En este estudio, describimos un caso de un LQR en una paciente cirrótica de 58 años que se presentó en nuestro centro con dolor abdominal sordo y distensión. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer caso de LQR en un paciente cirrótico reportado en la literatura.

Diphyllobotrium Spp. como causa de diarrea crónica diagnosticada solo por colonoscopia o cápsula endoscópica

Se presentan dos pacientes con diarrea crónica, con múltiples estudios negativos, y que tenían en común la deficiencia de vitamina B12. Ambos pacientes tenían estudios repetitivos de parásitos en heces negativos. Sólo al realizarse colonoscopía en el primer caso y la cápsula endoscópica en el segundo, se pudo diagnosticar formas adultas de Diphyllobotrium spp. Luego del tratamiento antiparasitario, ambos pacientes remitieron completamente sus síntomas.

We present two patients with chronic diarrhea, with multiple negative studies, both had in common vitamin B12 deficiency. Both patients had multiple studies of parasites in negative stool. Only after colonoscopy in the first case and capsule endoscopy in the second case, it was possible to diagnose the adult forms of Diphyllobotrium spp. After treatment, both patients completely resolved their symptoms.

Mejora del curso clínico de la cirrosis hepática por virus de hepatitis C posterior al tratamiento efectivo con antivirales de acción directa / Improvement of clinical course of liver cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C after sucessful treatment with direct acting antivirals

RESUMEN Los antivirales de acción directa son drogas nuevas altamente efectivas y seguras para el tratamiento de la hepatitis C crónica. Sin embargo, a pesar de la erradicación del virus de hepatitis C en pacientes con cirrosis hepática descompensada, aun es controversial su efecto en la mejora del cuadro clínico, disminución de complicaciones asociadas, riesgo de desarrollo de hipertensión portal y hepatocarcinoma. Presentamos dos pacientes con cirrosis hepática descompensada Child B por hepatitis C quienes recibieron tratamiento con drogas antivirales de acción directa. Luego del tratamiento, y confirmada la carga viral indetectable - respuesta viral sostenida - ambos pacientes mostraron una mejora significativa del curso clínico de la cirrosis hepática - Child A - y disminución de los niveles de fibrosis hepática determinados por métodos no invasivos.

ABSTRACT Direct-acting antivirals are new drugs, highly effective and safe against chronic hepatitis C. However, despite of hepatitis C erradication in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, their effect in improving the clinical course, reducing liver-related complications and the risk of developing portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma is still controversial. We present two patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis Child B due to hepatitis C who received treatment with direct-acting antiviral drugs. After treatment, and with the confirmation of undetectable viral load - sustained viral response - both patients showed significant improvement in the clinical course of liver cirrhosis - Child A - and a decrease in the amount of liver fibrosis measured with non invasive methods.

[Improvement of clinical course of liver cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C after sucessful treatment with direct acting antivirals]. / Mejora del curso clínico de la cirrosis hepática por virus de hepatitis C posterior al tratamiento efectivo con antivirales de acción directa.

Direct-acting antivirals are new drugs, highly effective and safe against chronic hepatitis C. However, despite of hepatitis C erradication in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, their effect in improving the clinical course, reducing liver-related complications and the risk of developing portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma is still controversial. We present two patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis Child B due to hepatitis C who received treatment with direct-acting antiviral drugs. After treatment, and with the confirmation of undetectable viral load - sustained viral response - both patients showed significant improvement in the clinical course of liver cirrhosis - Child A - and a decrease in the amount of liver fibrosis measured with non invasive methods.

[Retrograde cholangiography performed with simple balloon-assisted enteroscopy in patients with altered anatomy by surgery in a private level III clinic]. / Colangiografía retrógrada realizada con enteroscopia asistida por balón simple en pacientes con anatomía alterada por cirugía en una clínica privada nivel III.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of retrograde cholangiography performed with simple balloon-assisted enteroscopy for the management of bile duct pathology in patients with altered anatomy by surgery at the Anglo American Clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective descriptive study where all patients with altered anatomy who came for bile duct problems to undergo a retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy at the Anglo American Clinic during the January period from 2014 to January 2020. RESULTS: We performed 10 studies of retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy. Cannulation of the bile duct was successful in 80% of our cases, in two cases the bile duct could not be located. The findings of the retrograde cholangiography were biliary stones in 7 cases, stenosis of the biliodigestive anastomosis in 5 cases, and an ampuloma. The most frequent therapeutic procedures were CRE progressive balloon dilation of the bilioenteric anastomosis and extraction of stones with a Dormia basket. There were no complications associated with the procedure. CONCLUSION: Retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy is a safe and effective method to resolve biliary pathology in our patients with altered anatomy.

Colangiografía retrógrada realizada con enteroscopia asistida por balón simple en pacientes con anatomía alterada por cirugía en una clínica privada nivel III / Retrograde cholangiography performed with simple balloon-assisted enteroscopy in patients with altered anatomy by surgery in a private level III clinic

RESUMEN Objetivo : Evaluar la utilidad de la colangiografía retrógrada realizada con enteroscopia asistida por balón simple para el manejo de la patología de la via biliar en pacientes con anatomía alterada por cirugía en la Clínica Anglo Americana. Materiales y métodos : El presente es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo donde se evalúan a todos los pacientes con anatomía alterada que acudieron por problemas de la via biliar para realizarse una colangiografía retrógrada asistida por enteroscopia con balón simple en la Clínica Anglo Americana durante el periodo de enero del 2014 a enero del 2020. Resultados : Realizamos 10 estudios de colangiografía retrógrada asistida por enteroscopia con balón simple. La canulación de la vía biliar fue exitosa en el 80% de nuestros casos, en dos casos no se pudo localizar la via biliar. Los hallazgos de la colangiografía retrógrada fueron litiasis de via biliar en 7 casos, estenosis de la anastomosis biliodigestiva en 5 casos y un ampuloma. Los procedimientos terapeúticos más frecuentes fueron dilatación con balón progresivo CRE de la anastomosis bilioentérica y extracción de litos con canastilla de Dormia. No se presentaron complicaciones asociadas al procedimiento. Conclusión : La colangiografía retrógrada asistida por enteroscopia con balón simple es un método seguro y eficaz para resolver la patología biliar en nuestros pacientes con anatomía alterada.

ABSTRACT Objective : To evaluate the usefulness of retrograde cholangiography performed with simple balloon-assisted enteroscopy for the management of bile duct pathology in patients with altered anatomy by surgery at the Anglo American Clinic. Materials and methods : This is a retrospective descriptive study where all patients with altered anatomy who came for bile duct problems to undergo a retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy at the Anglo American Clinic during the January period from 2014 to January 2020. Results : We performed 10 studies of retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy. Cannulation of the bile duct was successful in 80% of our cases, in two cases the bile duct could not be located. The findings of the retrograde cholangiography were biliary stones in 7 cases, stenosis of the biliodigestive anastomosis in 5 cases, and an ampuloma. The most frequent therapeutic procedures were CRE progressive balloon dilation of the bilioenteric anastomosis and extraction of stones with a Dormia basket. There were no complications associated with the procedure. Conclusion : Retrograde cholangiography assisted by simple balloon enteroscopy is a safe and effective method to resolve biliary pathology in our patients with altered anatomy.

[Comparison of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients between two institutional centers of different socio-economic strata during 2017-2018]. / Comparación de prevalencia de infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes con dispepsia entre dos instituciones de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos en el periodo 2017-2018.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is associated with multiple digestive problems from gastroduodenal ulcers to gastric adenocarcinoma and/or MALT lymphoma. Peru is considered a place of high prevalence of Hp. In the world, significant differences have been described in the prevalence of Hp infection associated with the socioeconomic characteristics of the population. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of Hp infection in dyspeptic patients between 2 institutional centers of different socio-economic strata during 2017-2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 633 patients with dyspepsia was collected retrospectively and randomly, without previous endoscopic study, or a history of Hp eradication therapy that came to the gastroenterology services of the Hospital Cayetano Heredia (HCH) in San Martin de Porres, and of the Anglo American Clinic (CAA) in San Isidro, during the period of June 2017 - July 2018 (CAA: 300 and HCH: 333). Proceeding then to review the clinical history, endoscopy report and pathological anatomy of each of them, for further statistical analysis using the SPSS program. RESULTS: A prevalence of Hp was found in the HCH of 54.1%, while in the CAA it was only 29.3% (p < 0.05), this relationship being maintained in the different age groups. Likewise, the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia (MI) in the total of patients with dyspepsia in the HCH was 33.9% (MI + in Hp + was 34.4%) and in the CAA the presence of MI without considering the Hp status was only 6.7% (MI + in HP + was 6.8%) (p < 0.05). Finally, the presence of gastric atrophy in the HCH was 26.7% and in the CAA it was 1.3% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a clear relationship between the low socioeconomic stratum and the presence of Hp, gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (the latter relationship remaining independent of Hp status).

Clinical and endoscopic findings of patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcomaand gastrointestinal involvement. Experience in a single center of Lima-Peruin the last 3 years.

INTRODUCTION: Kaposi sarcoma is a low-grade angioproliferative neoplasm strongly associated with infection by herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8). Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is an infrequent finding, whose clinical and endoscopic characteristics are poorly defined in the literature. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and endoscopic findings of patients with gastrointestinal Kaposi Sarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed all clinical histories, endoscopic and anatomopathologic reports of all patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) who came to Cayetano Heredia Gastroenterology Service during the period between August 2015 to October 2018. We included all patients with CKS that had gastrointestinal involvement confirmed with biopsy. RESULTS: We found 50 patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma. Thirteen patients had gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma (26%). 53.8% (7/13 cases) were asymptomatic. 92.3% (12/13 cases) had HIV infection. Nine of the twelve HIV+ patients had CD4 count below 200 cells/µl. When Kaposi affects GI tract, the mayority have multiple GI organs affected. Stomach and colon are the most common sites affected. CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal involvement was presented in 26% of our patients with cutaneos Kaposi sarcoma, a half of them had no GI symptoms. The majority of cases were young male and had HIV in AIDS stage. The mortality in our series was 15.3% at 6 months of follow-up.

[Single balloon enteroscopy in the management of small bowel pathology. Experience of the Small Bowel Unit - British American Hospital from December 2012 to December 2018]. / Enteroscopia asistida por balón simple en el manejo de la patología del intestino delgado. Experiencia de la Unidad de Intestino Delgado de la Clínica Anglo Americana durante el periodo de diciembre del 2012 a diciembre del 2018.

Objetive: To describe our experience with single balloon enteroscopy in the management of small bowel disease in British American Hospital, Lima - Perú. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive and prospective study. We include all patients that come to perform a single balloon enteroscopy in small bowel unit of British American Hospital within December 2012 to December 2018. RESULTS: We performed 80 procedures of single balloon enteroscopy, 49 were done by oral approach, 31 by rectal approach. Mean age were 60.78 years-old (20 - 88 years). 48 patients (60%) were male. The mean insertion time for oral approach was 80 minutes (55-141 minutes), and for rectal approach was 110 minutes (55-180 minutes). The main indication for single balloon enteroscopy was obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. 6 enteroscopies were performed in patients with altered surgical anatomy (7.5%). 70 of 80 procedures (87.5%) were performed with gastroenterology-administered sedation, using midazolam, pethidine and propofol, without any respiratory or hemodinamic complication. Diagnostics achieved by single balloon enteroscopy were small bowel angiodysplasias (20%), yeyuno ileal ulcers (17.5%) and small bowel neoplasia (7.5%). Paralytic ileus was the most common complication of single balloon enteroscopy, 2 cases, and both cases were associated after no using carbon dioxide insufflation during procedure. CONCLUSION: Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding was the main indication for single balloon enteroscopy. Diagnostics achieved by single balloon enteroscopy were small bowel angiodysplasias (20%), yeyuno ileal ulcers (17.5%) and small bowel neoplasia (7.5%). Paralytic ileus was the most common complication of single balloon enteroscopy, 2 cases, and both cases were associated after no using carbon dioxide insufflation during procedure.

Clinical and endoscopic findings of patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma and gastrointestinal involvement: Experience in a single center of Lima-Peru in the last 3 years / Hallazgos clínicos y endoscópicos en pacientes con sarcoma de Kaposi cutáneo y compromiso gastrointestinal: Experiencia de un centro de Lima - Perú en los últimos 3 años

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma is a low-grade angioproliferative neoplasm strongly associated with infection by herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8). Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is an infrequent finding, whose clinical and endoscopic characteristics are poorly defined in the literature. Objective: The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and endoscopic findings of patients with gastrointestinal Kaposi Sarcoma. Materials and methods: We reviewed all clinical histories, endoscopic and anatomopathologic reports of all patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) who came to Cayetano Heredia Gastroenterology Service during the period between August 2015 to October 2018. We included all patients with CKS that had gastrointestinal involvement confirmed with biopsy. Results: We found 50 patients with cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma. Thirteen patients had gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma (26%). 53.8% (7/13 cases) were asymptomatic. 92.3% (12/13 cases) had HIV infection. Nine of the twelve HIV+ patients had CD4 count below 200 cells/μl. When Kaposi affects GI tract, the mayority have multiple GI organs affected. Stomach and colon are the most common sites affected. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal involvement was presented in 26% of our patients with cutaneos Kaposi sarcoma, a half of them had no GI symptoms. The majority of cases were young male and had HIV in AIDS stage. The mortality in our series was 15.3% at 6 months of follow-up.

Introducción: El Sarcoma de Kaposi es una neoplasia angioproliferativa de bajo grado altamente asociada con la presencia del herpes virus tipo 8 (HHV-8). El compromiso gastrointestinal es un hallazgo infrecuente, cuyas características clínicas y endoscópicas son pobremente descritas en la literatura. Objetivos: El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características clínicas y endoscópicas de pacientes con Sarcoma de Kaposi gastrointestinal. Materiales y métodos: Nosotros revisamos todas las historias clínicas, reportes endoscópicos y anatomo patológicos de todos los pacientes con Sarcoma de Kaposi cutáneo que fueron al Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Cayetano Heredia durante el periodo de Agosto del 2015 a Octubre del 2018. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con SKC que tuvieron compromiso gastrointestinal confirmado en la biopsia. Resultados: Nosotros encontramos 50 pacientes con Sarcoma de Kaposi cutáneo. 13 pacientes tuvieron compromiso gastrointestinal (26%). 53.8% (7/13) fueron asintomáticos. 92.3% (12/13 casos) tuvieron infección con virus de VIH. Nueve de trece pacientes con VIH+ tuvieron conteos de CD4 menores de 200 cel/μl. Cuando el Kaposi afectaba el aparato digestivo, la mayoría tenía compromiso de múltiples segmentos. El estómago y el colon eran los lugares más comprometidos. Conclusión: El compromiso gastrointestinal se presentó en 26% de los pacientes con Sarcoma de Kaposi cutáneo, la mitad de ellos no tenían síntomas digestivos. La mayoría de los casos fueron varones jóvenes y tenían infección por VIH estadío SIDA. La mortalidad en nuestra serie fue 15.3% a los 6 meses de seguimiento.