[Pulmonary complications of Chronic Granulomatous Disease]. / Complications pulmonaires de la granulomatose septique chronique.

Chronic Granulomatosis Disease (CGD) is an inherited immune deficiency due to a mutation in the genes coding for the subunits of the NADPH oxidase enzyme that affects the oxidative capacity of phagocytic cells. It is characterized by increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections, particularly Aspergillus, as well as complications associated with hyperinflammation and granulomatous tissue infiltration. There exist two types of frequently encountered pulmonary manifestations: (1) due to their being initially pauci-symptomatic, possibly life-threatening infectious complications are often discovered at a late stage. Though their incidence has decreased through systematic anti-bacterial and anti-fungal prophylaxis, they remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality; (2) inflammatory complications consist in persistent granulomatous mass or interstitial pneumoniae, eventually requiring immunosuppressive treatment. Pulmonary complications recurring since infancy generate parenchymal and bronchial sequelae that impact functional prognosis. Hematopoietic stem cell allograft is a curative treatment; it is arguably life-sustaining and may limit the morbidity of the disease. As a result of improved pediatric management, life expectancy has increased dramatically. That said, new challenges have appeared with regard to adults: difficulties of compliance, increased inflammatory manifestations, acquired resistance to anti-infectious therapies. These different developments underscore the importance of the transition period and the need for multidisciplinary management.

Lesions of the ovary with T1-hypersignal.

Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used successfully to diagnose ovarian masses that cannot be adequately evaluated using pelvic ultrasound. T1 hyperintensity is a common finding in an ovarian mass and has important diagnostic implications. The aims of this review are to list the substances that may produce high signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI, to explain the physical basis for causes of the high T1 signal intensity, and to describe common and uncommon T1 hyperintense ovarian lesions. The morphological findings, the imaging features of the additional sequences, and clinical variables can help in the differential diagnosis, and in some cases, enable a specific diagnosis, leading to appropriate management of the patient.

Synchrotron radiation X-ray phase micro-computed tomography as a new method to detect iron oxide nanoparticles in the brain.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to introduce synchrotron radiation X-ray phase computed tomography (SR-PCT) as a new method of visualizing ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) distribution into the brains of mice with neuroinflammation. PROCEDURES: The sensitivity of the technique was assessed by performing back-to-back SR-PCT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in mice stereotaxically injected with a range of USPIO concentrations. Eight mice with cerebral ischemia were then intravenously injected with USPIOs and imaged back-to-back with MRI and SR-PCT. RESULTS: SR-PCT proved sensitive enough to detect iron in nanomolar quantities. In stroke-induced animals, SR-PCT showed hyperintense areas in the regions of MR signal loss and immunostaining for macrophages. SR-PCT, moreover, identified brain anatomy as clearly as histology, without the need for sectioning or staining, with an examination time of 44 min per brain at an isotropic spatial resolution of 8 µm. CONCLUSION: SR-PCT has potential for cellular imaging in intact brain, with unequaled neuroanatomy.

[Cystic adenoid carcinoma of the larynx: two cases]. / Carcinome adénoïde kystique du larynx. A propos de deux cas.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the minor salivary glands in the head and neck. Laryngeal localization is rare due to the poor distribution of the accessory salivary glands in this area. It arises exceptionally before 20 years and no risk factor is known. Diagnosis is a histological finding because symptoms do not differ greatly from other laryngeal tumors. Histological features, stage, quality of tumor resection and nerve invasion are prognostic factors. These tumors grow slowly and local recurrence or systemic metastasis are exceptional. Surgery is the treatment of choice but outcome is always fatal, after a long clinical course in many patients.

Serum interleukin-10 in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome lymphoma patients. Seroco-Hemoco Study Group.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has multiple effects on lymphoid development, particularly as a stimulant of activated B-cell proliferation and differentiation. It is thought that IL-10 might play a role in the development of B lymphoid malignancies based on the observation that lymphomatous tissues from HIV+ patients contain numerous cells containing IL-10 mRNA as well as IL-10 protein. The aim of this study using an Elisa test was to analyze IL-10 in the serum of 18 HIV+ patients with non Hodgkin's B lymphoma (NHL) and compared the presence of this cytokine in the serum of 18 HIV+ patients without NHL. In this comparative study we also considered the different parameters such as the mode of contamination, sex, age and number of CD4 cells. 44% of the patients with HIV-related NHL had significant levels of IL-10 (> or = 12 pg/ml) in their serum, in comparison to the patients without NHL who did not show detectable serum IL-10.

[Thyroid surgery: risks and complications. Apropos of 134 cases]. / Chirurgie thyroïdienne: risques et complications. A propos de 134 cas.

From a retrospective covering 134 patients operated from the thyroid gland, the authors have tempted, over at least a year's survey, to clarify the incidence of the main post-operative complications. Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and permanent hypoparathyroïdism are the two major risks, with a respective percentage of 2.25% and 7.4%. After a general review of publications the discussion is focused on the etiology of the different complications already found and on the possible means to avoid them or, at least, to minimize them.

[Ankyloglossum superius: apropos of a case]. / Ankyloglossum superius: à propos d'une observation.

The authors report a rare observation of ankyloglossum superius i.e. the attachment of the tip of the tongue to the anterior part of the palate, with an ectrodactyl of the fingers and toes. Following a review of the literature, this provide an opportunity to recall this pathology, the physiopathogenesis of which remains unknown falling within syndromes of malformation affecting both the mouth, face and limb, namely orofacio-digital syndromes and syndromes of hypogenesis of the mouth, jaw and limbs.

[An atypical case of Wegener's disease]. / Un cas atypique de Maladie de Wegener.

The authors report on a case of Wegener's syndrome diagnosed fortuitously by the discovery of a perforation of the nasal septum during a bronchial fibroscopy for monitoring of a pulmonary fibrosis. In addition to the late appearance of the nasal perforation, the clinical picture includes classic polyvisceral impairment with pulmonary fibrosis, polyarthralgias and renal insufficiency. After 21 months of treatment, a stabilization of the visceral lesions was recorded, with the all but total disappearance of the E.N.T. lesions.

[A case history of lateral cervical tumor]. / Histoire d'une tumeur cervicale latérale.

The authors report on the observation of a voluminous aneurysm of the common carotid that had developed over 20 years in an 88-years old female patient. This was treated surgically by a Gore-Tex carotid graft with perfectly straightforward operative sequellae. With respect to this case, the author briefly review the semiology and diagnosis of aneurysms of the neck.

[Value of the retraining of patients with laryngectomy at special centers]. / Intérêt de la rééducation des laryngectomisés en centre spécialisé.

The authors tell about the interest of a voice therapy in a special center for the total laryngectomised patients. The oesophageal voice therapy is followed in the collaboration of orthophonist, psychologist and a logopedist doctor. The patient is positioned to insert himself socialy. The medical control is realised by an oto-rhino-laryngologist. After the final of voice therapy (4 to 6 weeks), the laryngectomised patient will continue the exercises helped with an logopedist.