[Anti-Müllerian hormone serum levels in women with and without uterine fibroids]. / Concentraciones en suero de hormona antimülleriana en mujeres con y sin miomatosis uterina.

BACKGROUND: The etiology of uterine leiomyomatosis is multifactorial and it is unknown if a relation between anti-Müllerian hormone (hormona anti-mülleriana) and uterine leiomyomatosis exists. OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences of hormona anti-mülleriana levels in women with and without uterine leiomyomatosis. METHODS: 60 women were studied (30 with and 30 without uterine leiomyomatosis). The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Both groups were paired by age and in all them serum levels of hormona antimülleriana were measured using ELISA, also estradiol and progesterone serum levels were determined. hormona anti-mülleriana-RII immunohistochemistry was done in healthy myometrium and in leiomyomas. RESULTS: The mean age between the groups didn't show statistical difference (41.8 +/- 5.6 years vs. 41.4 +/- 5.7 years). Also no differences were found in weight, height and body mass index. Serum levels of hormona antimülleriana were lower in those with leiomyomatosis [0.21 (0-10.4) ng/ml vs. 1.83 (0-6.38) ng/ml, p < 0.005]. No statistical differences were found in estradiol and progesterone serum levels between the groups. The hormona antimülleriana receptor was no expressed neither in the healthy myometrium nor in the leiomyomas. CONCLUSIONS: Women with leiomyomatosis had lower hormona antimülleriana levels. More studies are needed to determine if a relation exists between hormona antimülleriana and uterine leiomyomas.

[Levels of estradiol and serum testosterone in healthy postmenopausal women and its relationship with symptoms]. / Concentraciones de estradiol y testosterona en suero de mujeres climatéricas y su relación con los síntomas.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have tried to evaluate in which estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels the climacteric symptoms appear, but this has not been possible at all. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in which E2 and T levels climacteric symptoms appear, as well as its relation with T/E2 ratio. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty nine healthy climacteric women [perimenopausal (n = 13) or postmenopausal (n = 16)] which have not received nor were receiving hormone therapy were studied. Age, body mass index, waist hip ratio and menstrual status were documented. An analog visual scale was used to evaluate the intensity of 13 climacteric symptoms. A blood sample was taken for the measurement of E2 and T measurement by radioimmunoassay. Pearson's correlation analysis was done between the sum of scores of all climacteric symptoms and with the score obtained from each of the climacteric symptoms and E2, T levels and T/E2 ratio. All patients gave their consent to participate in the study. RESULTS: The average age of women was 49.9 +/- 5.1 years and the time since menopause 43.9 +/- 53.2 months. The sum of the magnitudes of the symptoms was 71.2 +/- 24.9. The average level of E2 and T was 65.5 +/- 101.1 pg/ml and 14.5 +/- 10.7 ng/ml respectively. No correlation was observed between the sum of the magnitudes of the symptoms neither with the magnitude of each symptom with E2 and T levels and T/E2 ratio. CONCLUSIONS: It was not possible to determine with precision in which E2 and T levels climacteric symptoms appear and T/E2 ratio also was not useful for this purpose.

SUMEVA, a new system of climacteric symptom evaluation, and its correlation with FSH and estradiol levels.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a new climacteric symptom scale (SUMEVA) and to assess its correlation with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) levels. METHODS: 115 healthy perimenopausal women who were not receiving, nor had received, hormone therapy were studied. They were asked to complete 3 questionnaires concerning climacteric symptoms: (1) Kupperman's index (KI), (2) Green scale (GS), and (3) SUMEVA, which is the sum of symptom evaluations done in an analog visual scale. FSH and E2 determinations were done by chemoluminiscence. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The comparison among the groups was done by Student's t test. Pearson correlation analysis was done between FSH and E2 levels and KI, the GS, and SUMEVA. RESULTS: There were 60 women with FSH < or = 30 mIU/mL (group I) and 55 with FSH > 30 mIU/mL (group II). The KI average in the whole group was 13.2 +/- 8.1, the GS 20.6 +/- 13.1, and the SUMEVA 65.6 +/- 44.9. The three scales had a significant correlation between them. CONCLUSIONS: No correlation of KI, GS, or SUMEVA was found with FSH and E2 levels, but the SUMEVA was as effective as the other previously validated, scales for climacteric symptom evaluation.

Correlation of Kupperman's index with estrogen and androgen levels, according to weight and body fat distribution in postmenopausal women from Mexico City.

OBJECTIVES: To establish the differences in Kupperman's index (KI) and hormone levels according to weight and body fat distribution in postmenopausal women, since obesity and fat distribution affect hormone levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five postmenopausal women were studied and divided according to body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR): normal weight (BMI < or = 27), obesity (BMI > 27); lower-level body fat distribution (WHR < or = 0.85) and upper-level body fat distribution (WHR >0.85). Afterwards four subgroups were created: (I) BMI < or = 27 and WHR < or = 0.85, (II) BMI < or = 27 and WHR > 0.85, (III) BMI > 27 and WHR < or = 0.85, and (IV) BMI >27 and WHR > 0.85. Climacteric symptoms were analyzed with Kupperman's index. Estrone, estradiol, testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate determinations were done by radioimmunoassay and verified by chemoluminescence. The androstenedione-estrone and testosterone-estradiol ratios were calculated. Statistical analysis was by Student's t test for independent samples, plus Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS: Average age was 53.0 +/- 6.5 years, time since menopause 74.2 +/- 64.3 months. When comparing those with lower-level body fat distribution and those with upper-level body fat distribution, the A levels were significantly lower (P < 0.04) in those with upper-level distribution. Kupperman's index was significantly lower in subgroup I when compared with subgroups III and IV. The androstenedione level was lower in subgroup IV compared with subgroup III. In the whole sample, there was a correlation of the WHR with testosterone (0.297, P < .004) and the testosterone-estradiol ratio (0.209, P < .04). CONCLUSION: It was shown that the testosterone-estradiol ratio has a better correlation with the symptoms, so it can be used to evaluate climacteric patients when they complain of menopausal symptoms.