Application of symptom-based mind mapping combined with PBL teaching method in emergency trauma standardized resident training in MDT model.

Explore the feasibility and effectiveness of accepting mind mapping combined with problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method in the standardized training of emergency surgery residents in the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) model of emergency trauma. Eighty-nine doctors under training who rotated in the Department of Emergency Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects, and randomly divided into a group receiving mind mapping combined with PBL teaching and a group receiving traditional lecture-based learning teaching. Mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX), direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS), teaching adherence, and satisfaction assessments were completed at the time of discharge from the department. There were no significant differences between the observation and control group trainees in terms of gender, age, education, and entry grades. Both groups of doctors were better able to participate in their respective teaching modes and made significant progress. The participants in the observation group had significantly higher Mini-CEX, DOPS, and teaching satisfaction scores than the control group (P < .05). Under the MDT model of emergency trauma, the combination of mind mapping and PBL teaching can improve the comprehensive clinical ability of the trainees more than participating in the traditional lecture-based learning teaching, which is worth promoting and implementing in the clinical standardized training.

Ultrasound Stimulation Suppresses LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB and CREB Activation in Microglial Cells.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. BV-2 microglia subjected to LPS administration (1 µg/mL) were treated with LIPUS stimulation. The levels of inflammatory mediators and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were quantified using the western blot. The results showed that LIPUS stimulation promoted the associated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/BDNF expression in the LPS-treated microglia. Meanwhile, LIPUS treatment effectively suppressed the LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 in the microglial cells, in addition to inhibiting the LPS-induced expressions of toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88, as well as the LPS-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor kappa B. Furthermore, LIPUS significantly decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the microglia following LPS treatment. Our data indicated that LIPUS attenuated the proinflammatory responses as well as the decline in BDNF in LPS-treated microglia. This study provides a better understanding of how LIPUS stimulation regulates anti-inflammatory actions in microglia, providing further evidence suggesting that such stimulation may be regarded as a novel strategy for the treatment of neuroinflammation.