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BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms, A potential association between COPD and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has been indicated, warranting further examination. METHODS: In this study, we collected COPD and CRC data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, genome-wide association studies, and RNA sequence for a comprehensive analysis. We used weighted logistic regression to explore the association between COPD and CRC incidence risk. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship between COPD and CRC, and cross-phenotype meta-analysis was conducted to pinpoint crucial loci. Multivariable mendelian randomization was used to uncover mediating factors connecting the two diseases. Our results were validated using both NHANES and GEO databases. RESULTS: In our analysis of the NHANES dataset, we identified COPD as a significant contributing factor to CRC development. MR analysis revealed that COPD increased the risk of CRC onset and progression (OR: 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.36). Cross-phenotype meta-analysis identified four critical genes associated with both CRC and COPD. Multivariable Mendelian randomization suggested body fat percentage, omega-3, omega-6, and the omega-3 to omega-6 ratio as potential mediating factors for both diseases, a finding consistent with the NHANES dataset. Further, the interrelation between fatty acid-related modules in COPD and CRC was demonstrated via weighted gene co-expression network analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment results using RNA expression data. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides novel insights into the interplay between COPD and CRC, highlighting the potential impact of COPD on the development of CRC. The identification of shared genes and mediating factors related to fatty acid metabolism deepens our understanding of the underlying mechanisms connecting these two diseases.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Humanos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Multiômica , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Ácidos Graxos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/genéticaRESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to construct evidence-based anticancer drug clinical trial nursing management norms to ensure the safety and quality of clinical trial nursing. Methods: This before-after study was carried out to complete the evidence implementation in a cancer hospital in Shanghai, China. Seven review indicators were developed and reviewed in one phase I clinical trial center and two oncology wards. The corresponding evidence-based intervention program was formulated, and the completion rate of good clinical practice certification, protocol training, delegation of duties, qualification rate of administration, sampling and document recording in anticancer drug clinical trials before and after implementation were compared. Results: After implementation, the completion rate of protocol training, delegation of duties, and the qualification rate of document recording were significantly higher than those of the baseline review, whereas the completion rate of good clinical practice certification and the qualification rate of sampling did not significantly differ from those observed at the baseline review. There was no administration or infusion device-related protocol deviation during the baseline and post reviews. Conclusions: Anticancer drug clinical trial nursing management norms and relevant standard operating procedures were constructed. The results showed that the implementation of this intervention improved the standardization of nurse qualification procedures and the nursing original document recording in anticancer drug clinical trials, and nursing-related protocol deviation could be reduced to a certain extent.
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OBJECTIVE: The current implementation project aimed to promote evidence-based practice with prechemotherapy nursing assessment among adult cancer patients in a large university cancer center in Shanghai, China, over a 6-month timeframe. INTRODUCTION: Prechemotherapy nursing assessment is an essential element of cancer patient care, aiming to prevent or minimize potential problems from chemotherapy treatment. Regular comprehensive prechemotherapy assessment is not part of routine care currently in many clinical settings within China. METHODS: The project utilized the JBI approach to implementation, incorporating audit and feedback tools. Twelve evidence-based audit criteria were developed for use in the program. A baseline audit was conducted of prechemotherapy nursing assessment among adult cancer patients, with a sample size of 68 patients and 36 nursing staff. Following implementation of systematic strategies based on the analysis of three main barriers, a follow-up audit involving a similar sample as the first audit was conducted using the same audit criteria. RESULTS: The baseline audit indicated that for nursing assessment among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, the criteria (1, 10, 11 and 12) which related to nurse education, weight measurement, premedication and access device assessment had very high compliance (from 93 to 100%). Compliance for criteria (2, 6, 7, 9) related to medical history, previous exposure to chemotherapy, patients' or caregivers' comprehension of treatment and psychosocial assessment was 0%, while compliance with the other five criteria (3, 4, 5, 8) was low, ranging from 16 to 61%. There was improvement in all 12 criteria in the follow-up audit. Criteria 1, 11 and 12 maintained high compliance (100%). Criterion 2 (patients' medical history), criterion 3 (presence or absence of allergies), criterion 7 (previous exposure to chemotherapy) and criterion 9 (psychosocial elements) demonstrated a significant improvement in compliance. Although progress has been made, there were still some criteria that require further improvement. These included assessment of patients' current diagnosis and cancer status (criterion 4, from 61 to 66%), recent laboratory results (criterion 5, from 31 to 62%), patients' and/or caregivers' comprehension of information regarding the disease and treatment (criterion 6, from 0 to 34%), any previous exposure to chemotherapy agents (criterion 7, from 0 to 57%), and physical assessment of the patient (criterion 8, from 46 to 72%). CONCLUSION: The project achieved increased compliance with evidence-based best practice in all assessed audit criteria improving the practice of prechemotherapy assessment. Involvement of informatics technology is a great strategy to help overcome barriers, simplify the change process and assist in sustaining evidence-based practice change. Future plans and ideas are in place and have been discussed. Further audits will need to be carried out to improve the validity and quality of nursing assessment.
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Fidelidade a Diretrizes/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Avaliação em Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Institutos de Câncer , China , Auditoria Clínica , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Avaliação em Enfermagem/métodosRESUMO
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth-leading cause of cancer-related death in women with a pathogenesis involving activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). The T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a well-known immune checkpoint molecule that inhibits T-cell responses. However, the role of TIGIT in OC is not comprehensively understood. In this study, we revealed crucial functions of TIGIT in the development and progression of OC. ID8 cells were used to establish a murine OC model. TIGIT expression was increased in immune cells of OC mice, particularly in CD4+ Tregs. Anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were used to block the function of TIGIT in OC mice, and we found that the anti-TIGIT treatment reduced the proportion of CD4+ Tregs, but did not affect CD4+ and CD8+ T cells or natural killer cells. Splenic CD4+ Tregs from OC mice were isolated after the anti-TIGIT treatment, and their functioning was examined. Inhibition of TIGIT lowered the degree of immunosuppression induced by CD4+ Tregs. A survival curve suggested that anti-TIGIT treatment can improve the survival rate of OC in mice. We conclude that TIGIT enhanced CD4+ Tregs response and mediated immunosuppression in the OC model. Our data suggest that inhibition of TIGIT is a potential therapeutic target in OC patients.
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Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/metabolismo , Receptores Imunológicos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/metabolismo , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário/imunologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Interferon gama/efeitos dos fármacos , Interferon gama/imunologia , Interleucina-4/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Camundongos , Neoplasias Ovarianas/imunologia , Receptores Imunológicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores Imunológicos/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Evasão Tumoral/imunologiaRESUMO
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Persistent cervical infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is related to cervical cancer. MicroRNAs could regulate autophagy caused by viral infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulation of autophagy by miR-155-5p in cervical cancer. In HPV+ human cervical lesion tissues, miR-155-5p expression was found to be markedly decreased. Compared to C33A cancer cells (HPV-), the miR-155-5p expression was significantly lower in Siha and HeLa cells (HPV+), which are both hrHPV positive. The level of autophagy was higher in C33A cells than in Siha and HeLa cells. In addition, in C33A, Siha and HeLa cervical cancer cells, miR-155-5p overexpression promoted autophagy, whereas miR-155-5p downregulation had the opposite effects. Furthermore, miR-155-5p downregulation suppressed LC3 and promoted P62 protein expression in C33A cells through promoting the PDK1/mTOR pathway, whereas miR-155-5p overexpression recovered LC3 and suppressed P62 protein expression by suppressing PDK1/mTOR signaling. Taken together, our results indicate the importance of miR-155-5p in cervical cancer cells and suggest a novel mechanism of hrHPV in promoting cervical lesions.
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Autofagia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Proliferação de Células , Feminino , Humanos , Prognóstico , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Piruvato Desidrogenase Quinase de Transferência de Acetil , Transdução de Sinais , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/metabolismoRESUMO
In an effort to identify hemostatic components from Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. using a bioactivity-guided fractionation approach, the n-BuOH extract was found to promote ADP-induced platelet aggregation and two compounds were isolated from the active extract. Compound 1 was a new nervogenic acid glycoside and the structure was elucidated as 3,5-bis(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-4-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-benzoic acid by extensive spectroscopic measurements. Adenosine (2) was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 1 also showed good pro-coagulant activity in vitro.