Effect of comfortable nursing on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with idiopathic scoliosis after posterior orthopedic surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of comfort nursing on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior correction surgery. Methods: 92 patients with idiopathic scoliosis were taken as the subjects and segmented into a control group and an experimental group (n = 46/each group). The former received routine care, while the latter one performed comfortable care. The observation period is 48 h after surgery. Record and compare the incidence, grade, frequency, and pain level of nausea and vomiting in both groups, as well as postoperative physical signs and symptoms, drug use, and postoperative recovery. Investigating the patient's satisfaction with nursing care. The research data is analyzed using SPSS26.0 software. P < 0.05 means statistical significance. Results: Within 48 h after surgery, the number of nausea and vomiting in the control is 24 and the experimental group is 8, with an incidence rate of 52% and 16%. The latter is significantly lower than that in the control. The average number of nausea and vomiting episodes in the control is 2.5, significantly higher than the 0.45 episodes in the experimental set. There is a significant difference in the frequency of nausea and vomiting/temperature and urine volume/scores of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, decreased appetite, and discomfort between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comfortable care has a relieving effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with idiopathic scoliosis after posterior correction surgery. It can low down the incidence and frequency of nausea and vomiting, and reduce the score of related symptoms. Comfortable care can also help patients recover after surgery, increase dietary intake, and improve nutritional status. Comfortable care has a significant effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting in cases with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior correction surgery, which can improve their postoperative recovery and quality of life.

NAT10 inhibition promotes ac4C-dependent ferroptosis to counteract sorafenib resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sorafenib, an anticancer drug, has been shown to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells. However, resistance to sorafenib greatly limits its therapeutic efficacy, and the exact mechanism of resistance is not fully understood. This study investigated the role of N-Acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in influencing the anticancer activity of sorafenib in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its molecular mechanism. NAT10 expression was significantly upregulated in NPC. Mechanistically, NAT10 promotes proteins of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) expression through ac4C acetylation, inhibiting sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in NPC cells. The combined application of sorafenib and the NAT10 inhibitor remodelin significantly inhibits SLC7A11 expression and promotes ferroptosis in NPC cells. In vivo knockout of NAT10 inhibited the growth of sorafenib-resistant NPC. Our findings suggest that NAT10 inhibition might be a promising therapeutic approach to enhance the anticancer activity of sorafenib.

Sucralose triggers insulin resistance leading to follicular dysplasia in mice.

Sucralose, the extensively utilized sweetener, might lead to metabolic disorders with prolonged consumption, but it remains uncertain if sucralose has any impact on female reproductive health. We incorporated sucralose into drinking water and observed food intake, body weight, estrous cycle, follicular development, serum hormones, and insulin sensitivity of mice. The mice did not experience any changes in their food intake or body weight after consuming sucralose. However, they displayed irregularities in the estrous cycle, marked by a reduced count of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles, coupled with a significant increase in the number of antral follicles. There was a decline in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) levels, while testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels surged, leading to a notable elevation in the LH / FSH ratio. Sucralose also induced insulin resistance, as evidenced by elevated insulin levels and impaired insulin tolerance, which responded to an increase in bacterial-derived serum endotoxin. By eliminating insulin resistance with rosiglitazone (RSG), eradicating intestinal flora-derived endotoxins with neomycin (NEO), or enhancing intestinal barrier function with indole-3-carbinol (I3C), the abnormalities in estrous cycle, disruptions in follicular development, hormonal imbalances and elevation in serum endotoxins induced by sucralose were successfully reversed. The present study indicates that sucralose-induced follicular dysplasia in mice is probably related to impaired intestinal permeability, infiltration of endotoxins, initiation of systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance.

An automated method for assessing condyle head changes in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion based on Cone-beam CT images.

OBJECTIVES: Currently, there is no reliable automated measurement method to study the changes in the condylar process after orthognathic surgery. Therefore, this study proposes an automated method to measure condylar changes in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion following surgical-orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) scans from 48 patients were segmented using the nnU-Net network for automated maxillary and mandibular delineation. Regions unaffected by orthognathic surgery were selectively cropped. Automated registration yielded condylar displacement and volume calculations, each repeated three times for precision. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyse the correlation between condylar position changes at different time points. RESULTS: The Dice score for the automated segmentation of the condyle was 0.971. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for all repeated measurements ranged from 0.93 to 1.00. The results of the automated measurement showed that 83.33% of patients exhibited condylar resorption occurring six months or more after surgery. Logistic regression and linear regression indicated a positive correlation between counterclockwise rotation in the pitch plane and condylar resorption (P < .01). And a positive correlation between the rotational angles in both three planes and changes in the condylar volume at six months after surgery (P ≤ .04). CONCLUSIONS: This study's automated method for measuring condylar changes shows excellent repeatability. Skeletal class II malocclusion patients may experience condylar resorption after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, and this is correlated with counterclockwise rotation in the sagittal plane. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This study proposes an innovative multi-step registration method based on CBCT, and establishes an automated approach for quantitatively measuring condyle changes post-orthognathic surgery. This method opens up new possibilities for studying condylar morphology.

The m6A demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 aggravate the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by coregulating ARHGAP35.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an RNA modification that can be removed by demethylases [fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5)], which regulate gene expression and cell function. We show that m6A levels and m6A demethylase levels are altered in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues vs. normal tissues. High FTO and ALKBH5 predict a poor prognosis in NPC patients. Silencing FTO and ALKBH5 inhibited the malignant behavior of patient-derived NPC cells in a short time. However, as time progressed, the inhibitory effect of FTO or ALKBH5 was weakened, and the cosilencing of FTO and ALKBH5 maintained a better inhibitory effect. Combined transcriptome and m6A-seq analysis revealed a downstream target gene that was jointly regulated by FTO and ALKBH5 in NPC, and ARHGAP35 was chosen to do further study. The synergistic silencing of FTO and ALKBH5 increased the methylation level on the mRNA CDS of a new transcription factor (ARHGAP35) and positively regulate the protein coding capacity and mRNA stability of ARHGAP35, thus leading to increased expression of ARHGAP35 and inhibition of the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. Our study revealed that the growth and metastasis of NPC can be stably inhibited through synergistic silencing of the demethylases FTO and ALKBH5, which play a positive role in the treatment of NPC by regulating the downstream transcript ARHGAP35 and increasing its m6A level.

Development and Validation of Nomograms to Predict Risk and Prognosis in Salivary Gland Carcinoma Patient with Distant Metastases.

Background: Salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) patients with distant metastasis (DM) are rare, and understanding this disease is insufficient. Nomograms can predict the prognostic probability of patients, while few studies have examined diagnostic and prognostic factors in SGC patients with DM. The purpose of this study was to establish and validate the risk and prognostic nomograms of SGC patients with DM. Methods: Based on the SEER database, we analyzed the data of SGC patients between 2004 and 2015. Logistic regression analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify risk and prognostic factors for DM in SGC patients. Based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) value and likelihood ratio test, the best-fitting model was selected to build risk and prognostic nomograms, and the results were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves. ROC curves were also used to compare the nomograms with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. Results: 7418 SGC patients were included in the study, and 307 (4.14%) of them were diagnosed with DM. This study identified that there are variables (age ≥ 80, no-parotid gland primary site, histologic type of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, T stage ≥ T2, N staged ≥ N1, histologic grade ≥ III, and tumor size ≥ 41 mm) associated with the occurrence of DM in SGC patients. Therefore, we constructed diagnostic and prognostic nomograms after incorporating these variables. ROC curves illustrated the better predictive efficacy of 2 nomograms over the AJCC staging system. DCA curves, calibration curves, and K-M survival curves showed that 2 nomograms can accurately predict the occurrence and prognosis of DM among SGC patients in training and validation sets. Conclusion: It was shown that the nomograms were highly discriminative in predicting the diagnosis and prognosis of SGC patients with DM, and could identify high-risk patients, thereby providing SGC patients with individualized treatment plans.

On-chip clearing for live imaging of 3D cell cultures.

Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures provide an important model for various biological studies by bridging the gap between two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and animal tissues. Microfluidics has recently provided controllable platforms for handling and analyzing 3D cell cultures. However, on-chip imaging of 3D cell cultures within microfluidic devices is hindered by the inherent high scattering of 3D tissues. Tissue optical clearing techniques have been used to address this concern but remain limited to fixed samples. As such, there is still a need for an on-chip clearing method for imaging live 3D cell cultures. Here, to achieve on-chip clearing for live imaging of 3D cell cultures, we conceived a simple microfluidic device by integrating a U-shaped concave for culture, parallel channels with micropillars, and differentiated surface treatment to enable on-chip 3D cell culture, clearing, and live imaging with minimal disturbance. The on-chip tissue clearing increased the imaging performance of live 3D spheroids with no influence on cell viability or spheroid proliferation and demonstrated robust compatibility with several commonly used cell probes. It allowed dynamic tracking of lysosomes in live tumor spheroids and enabled quantitative analysis of their motility in the deeper layer. Our proposed method of on-chip clearing for live imaging of 3D cell cultures provides an alternative for dynamic monitoring of deep tissue on a microfluidic device and has the potential to be used in 3D culture-based assays for high-throughput applications.

Chondroitin sulfate and L-Cysteine conjugate modified cationic nanostructured lipid carriers: Pre-corneal retention, permeability, and related studies for dry eye treatment.

In this study, a novel bioadhesive material, a conjugate of chondroitin sulfate and L-cysteine (CS-Cys), was synthesized and modified on the surface of the cationic nanostructured lipid carriers loaded dexamethasone to prepare a novel nano-lipid ocular delivery system (Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC). Through the permeation and retention studies of isolated cornea, it was demonstrated that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC has better corneal permeation and retention ability and can better overcome the barrier effect of the ocular surface. In addition, the fluorescent probe (RhB) was used to replace the drug, and fluorescence imaging was used to investigate the ocular surface retention ability of the formulation, and the results showed that CS-Cys-cNLC has stronger retention ability and can effectively prolong the time of drug action in the ocular surface. Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC was not irritating to rabbit eye tissues and was a safe delivery system. The results of rabbit dry eye pharmacodynamic experiments also showed that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC could effectively alleviate dry eye symptoms in rabbits, effectively repair corneal damage, and improve the stability of tear film. All these experimental results suggest that Dex-CS-Cys-cNLC is a promising drug delivery carrier for the treatment of anterior segment of the eye disease.

C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Biomarker for Gynecologic Cancers: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The prognostic role of CRP (C-reactive protein) in gynecological tumors has been previously reported in individual studies, but whether CRP can be used as a separate potential prognostic factor has not been systematically reviewed. The purpose of this research is to determine if there is a link between CRP levels and the prognosis of gynecological cancer patients. Methods: A systematic search was carried out to find the literature evaluating the predictive role of CRP in the prognosis of gynecological cancer patients. For the purpose of determining the relationship between CRP and clinicopathological characteristics, the pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated. A hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine differences in overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), or progression-free survival (PFS) between patients with low and high CRP levels. Results: A total of 19 studies, including 4062 patients, were analyzed retrospectively. The FIGO stage was related to the CRP level (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19-1.00). Age, lymph node metastasis, and histological grade were not associated with CRP level (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.69-1.25; OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.65-1.28; OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.52-1.05). Worse OS (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23-1.57), DFS (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.12-1.28), and PFS (HR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.23-1.91) were associated with elevated CRP levels, as shown by the pooled results. Subgroup analysis was performed according to cancer type (endometrial cancer: HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.28; ovarian cancer: HR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.31; cervical cancer: HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.19-1.64), multivariate value (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10-1.33), and age (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.28-1.72). Significant correlations were observed between CRP and OS. Conclusions: CRP may be utilized as a prognostic indicator for a variety of gynecologic malignancies, including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and vulvar cancer.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Application of IS in Perioperative Pulmonary Function Training in Spine and Orthopedics.

Background: The incentive spirometer (IS) is a mechanical device that promotes lung expansion and can be used to prevent and treat postoperative pulmonary complications. In this study, the preventive effect of pulmonary function training with IS on the improvement of pulmonary function and pulmonary complications was observed. Methods: From May 2019 to April 2021, 69 scoliosis patients with impaired moderate and severe lung function were divided into the traditional pulmonary training group (n = 32) and IS-enhanced pulmonary training group (n = 35). The patient underwent lung function testing after admission and one week after the start of training and chest CT on the third day after surgery. Results: The average age was 13.47 and 15.66, respectively (p = 0.223). The Cobb angles were 83.84 and 83.97 (p = 0.756), respectively, and no statistical difference between the parameters of lung function was detected. After 1 week of respiratory function training, significant improvement in lung function testing parameters including VC%, FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, FEV1/VC, and MVV% was found in both groups. Analysis of covariance showed more significant improvement in IS-enhanced group compared to the conventional training group (p < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis was lower in IS-enhanced group than in traditional groups (2.9% vs. 21.9%, p = 0.043) with no difference in the overall incidence of pulmonary complications (p = 0.164) and shorter preoperative and total hospitalization in the IS-enhanced group. Conclusion: Compared to traditional pulmonary function training, IS-enhanced training can significantly accelerate the improvement of pulmonary function testing parameters, shorten the preoperative pulmonary function training time, reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary tension complications, and accelerate postoperative rehabilitation.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Prognosis-Related Genes and Expression of CXCL8 in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the main causes of death, remains a leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal cancer and tends to affect the younger generation. However, the pathological process of colorectal cancer is unclear. Exploring potential pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of CRC is significant as its high prevalence and high mortality. Nowadays, the rapid development of bioinformatics provides us an opportunity to explore potential molecular markers of CRC. Materials and Methods: First, three CRC gene chips with paracancerous controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Second, after combining and batch correcting the three chips using the R language and Perl language, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected to investigate how they affect the CRC occurrence and development by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Third, based on the STRING website and the Cytoscape software, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and the core genes were screened out. Finally, through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), the expression and function of the core gene CXCL8 in CRC were explored. Results: GSE10950, GSE44076, and GSE75970, including 126 intestinal cancer samples and 126 paracancer samples, were screened as the datasets. 192 DEGs were screened, including 43 upregulated genes and 149 downregulated genes. Through the DEGs screened out, GO enrichment analysis, KEGG enrichment analysis, and the construction of PPI interaction network were carried out. Finally, according to the nodes and edges in the PPI network, the DEGs were sorted and the core genes were selected. Through basic experiments, the first ranked CXCL8 was further studied, and the results suggest that the expression of CXCL8 is related to the proliferation, migration, invasion, and even distant metastasis of CRC. Conclusion: The present study showed that DEGs of CRC are associated with multiple tumor-related biological processes and signaling pathways. The core gene CXCL8 has the potential to be a new therapeutic target for CRC.

Expressivity of Interleukin-8 and Gastric Cancer Prognosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients has been reported, but the results are contradictory. AIM: To investigate the effect of IL-8 expression on the prognosis of patients with GC. METHOD: A comprehensive search strategy was used to search the PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. The total survival time was analysed using the RevMan 5.4 software. Through extensive search and meta-analysis of relevant studies, studies examining the relationship between IL-8 expression and prognosis in patients with GC were conducted to obtain more accurate estimates. FINDINGS: Eight studies (1843 patients) were included. The combined results of all the studies showed that high expression of IL-8 was a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with GC (hazard ratio (HR): 2.08; 95% CI: 1.81-2.39). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the pooled HR was stable, and omitting a single study did not change the significance of the pooled HR. Funnel plots revealed no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: High IL-8 expression could be a negative prognostic biomarker for patients with GC.

The Prognostic Significance of Hsp70 in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Patients: A PRISMA-Compliant Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Hsp70 (heat shock protein 70) plays a key role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, the relationship between the Hsp70 expression level and the colorectal cancer patient survival is unknown. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between Hsp70 and the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were used for systematic computer literature retrieval. Stata SE14.0 software was used for quantitative meta-analysis. Besides, data was extracted from selected articles. Relationships between Hsp70 expression level and prognosis were further studied. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were also computed. RESULTS: A total of 11 potentially eligible studies with 2269 patients were identified in 10 tumors from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Hsp70 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in colorectal carcinoma patients (HRs, 0.65 (95% CI: 0.52-0.78) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.23-1.32), respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Hsp70 overexpression can predict poor survival in colorectal cancer patients.

Comparative proteomic analysis reveals alterations in development and photosynthesis-related proteins in diploid and triploid rice.

BACKGROUND: Polyploidy has pivotal influences on rice (Oryza sativa L.) morphology and physiology, and is very important for understanding rice domestication and improving agricultural traits. Diploid (DP) and triploid (TP) rice shows differences in morphological parameters, such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width and the physiological index of chlorophyll content. However, the underlying mechanisms determining these morphological differences are remain to be defined. To better understand the proteomic changes between DP and TP, tandem mass tags (TMT) mass spectrometry (MS)/MS was used to detect the significant changes to protein expression between DP and TP. RESULTS: Results indicated that both photosynthesis and metabolic pathways were highly significantly associated with proteomic alteration between DP and TP based on biological process and pathway enrichment analysis, and 13 higher abundance chloroplast proteins involving in these two pathways were identified in TP. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that 5 of the 13 chloroplast proteins ATPF, PSAA, PSAB, PSBB and RBL in TP were higher abundance compared with those in DP. CONCLUSIONS: This study integrates morphology, physiology and proteomic profiling alteration of DP and TP to address their underlying different molecular mechanisms. Our finding revealed that ATPF, PSAA, PSAB, PSBB and RBL can induce considerable expression changes in TP and may affect the development and growth of rice through photosynthesis and metabolic pathways.