Multifunctional cellulosic nanofiber film with enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer properties by incorporation of ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana peel.

Natural polymeric nanofibers-based materials for medical application is an intensive research area due to the unique features of natural polymeric nanofibers. Bacterial nanocellulose (BC) films containing various concentrations of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel extract were prepared and evaluated as a multifunctional nanofiber film. The extract was absorbed into BC hydrogel and air dried to entrap the extract into nanofiber network. The resulting films contained about 3, 35, and 294 mg of total phenolic compounds and 2, 24, and 250 mg of α-mangostin per cm3 of the dried films. The film containing the highest phenolic compounds and α-mangostin performed the inhibitory effect to Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus aureus. High anticancer activity against B16F10 melanoma and MCF-7 breast cancer cells having viabilities of 10 and 5%, respectively after 48 h were detected after the treatments with the film. However, the film had a low toxicity against normal fibroblast and keratinocyte cells with 41 and 99% viability, respectively. The research suggested that the prepared films were a multifunctional nanofiber films with antimicrobial and anticancer properties.

Curcumin-Loaded Bacterial Cellulose/Alginate/Gelatin as A Multifunctional Biopolymer Composite Film.

Multifunctional biopolymer composites comprising mechanically-disintegrated bacterial cellulose, alginate, gelatin and curcumin plasticized with glycerol were successfully fabricated through a simple, facile, cost-effective mechanical blending and casting method. SEM images indicate a well-distributed structure of the composites. The water contact angles existed in the range of 50-70°. Measured water vapor permeability values were 300-800 g/m2/24 h, which were comparable with those of commercial dressing products. No release of curcumin from the films was observed during the immersion in PBS and artificial saliva, and the fluid uptakes were in the range of 100-700%. Films were stretchable and provided appropriate stiffness and enduring deformation. Hydrated films adhered firmly onto the skin. In vitro mucoadhesion time was found in the range of 0.5-6 h with porcine mucosa as model membrane under artificial saliva medium. The curcumin-loaded films had substantial antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The films showed non-cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes and human gingival fibroblasts but exhibited potent anticancer activity in oral cancer cells. Therefore, these curcumin-loaded films showed their potential for use as leave-on skin applications. These versatile films can be further developed to achieve desirable characteristics for local topical patches for wound care, periodontitis and oral cancer treatment.