Association Between Physical Activity Levels in Different Domains and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer survivors frequently present cardiac autonomic dysfunction. Physical activity (PA) has been associated with better cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) in breast cancer survivors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the association between CAM and PA levels performed in different domains (work and occupation, sport and exercise, and leisure time and commuting) in breast cancer survivors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with 99 breast cancer survivors (age, 55.3 ± 10.4 years). Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed by heart rate variability, and PA levels at work and occupation, sport and exercise, and leisure time and commuting were assessed using the Baecke PA questionnaire. The sum of these 3 domains provided the total PA. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare CAM between active and inactive women in different domains of PA. RESULTS: Cardiac autonomic modulation was similar between active and inactive women in the different domains ( P > .05). However, when considering the total PA, active breast cancer survivors presented higher SDNN (average standard deviation of all normal RR intervals) (20.0 ± 13.4 vs 28.8 ± 14.0; P = .008) and SD2 (standard deviation of the long-term intervals between consecutive heartbeats) indices (29.2 ± 17.3 vs 38.7 ± 19.9; P = .005) compared with their inactive counterparts. CONCLUSION: Breast cancer survivors with higher total PA presented better CAM compared with their less active peers. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The results of this study are promising and show the importance of increasing PA levels in different domains for the maintenance of cardiovascular health among breast cancer survivors.

Comparison of Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors with and without Persistent Depressive Symptoms: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study.

Although breast cancer treatments reduce mortality, their adverse effects can increase depression which impacts one's quality of life (QoL). Physical activity (PA) seems to improve the QoL of breast cancer survivors (BCS). However, an unanswered question is the influence of PA on the QoL in BCS with depressive symptoms. Thus, we analyzed the influence of PA on the QoL in BCS with persistent depressive symptoms during 12 months of follow-up. The sample included 70 female BCS. Depression and QoL domains (i.e., functional capacity, physical limitations, body pain, general health status, vitality, social and emotional aspects, and mental health) were assessed at baseline and follow-up periods by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and SF-36, respectively. Habitual PA was assessed by Baecke's questionnaire. Our results indicate a prevalence of 17.1% of depressive symptoms. Non-depressives BCS improved their physical limitations and general health status domains over time, but there were no observed differences in depressive BCS. BCS with persistent depressive symptoms (baseline and follow-up) showed worse QoL scores than non-depressives in all domains, regardless of confounding factors. When adjusted for PA, the difference between BCS depressives and non-depressives lost its significance in the functional capacity domain. In conclusion, habitual PA practice positively influenced the functional capacity domain of the QoL in BCS.

Screen time and low back pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review of Brazilian studies / Tempo de tela e dor lombar em crianças e adolescentes: revisão sistemática de estudos brasileiros

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and summarize the possible associations between screen time and low back pain in children and adolescents. Data source: Systematic searches were performed in five electronic databases (Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science) on 01/25/2021, complemented by manual searches in reference lists and on Google Scholar, looking for original scientific articles that included Brazilian observational studies; whose samples had children and/or adolescents aged between 6 and 19 years, without specific clinical conditions, and that presented analyses of associations between indicators of screen time and nonspecific low back pain, based on regression models. Data synthesis: Nine cross-sectional studies whose samples had adolescents were included. Of the 18 analyses identified, nine reported risk relationships between the variables of interest. More specifically, risk associations were found in two studies that evaluated adolescents exposed to at least three hours using cell phone or tablet, and watching television per day. Also, instruments, cut-off points adopted, and screen equipment evaluated were diverse. Conclusions: Even though most of the risk associations were borderline from the statistical point of view, we found a higher frequency of risk associations between screen time and non-specific low back pain in adolescents exposed to screen time for at least three hours a day. In addition, further longitudinal studies with samples composed of children should be conducted across the country.

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar e sumarizar os dados sobre as possíveis associações entre o tempo de tela e a dor lombar em crianças e adolescentes. Fontes de dados: Buscas sistemáticas em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas (Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus, Pubmed e Web of Science), no dia 25/01/2021, complementadas por buscas manuais em listas de referências e no site Google Acadêmico, procurando por artigos científicos originais que comunicaram estudos observacionais brasileiros que envolveram amostras de crianças e/ou adolescentes entre 6 e 19 anos de idade, sem condições clínicas específicas e que apresentassem análises de associações entre indicadores do tempo de tela e dor lombar não específica, baseadas em modelos de regressão. Síntese dos dados: Nove estudos transversais foram incluídos, envolvendo amostras de adolescentes. Das 18 análises identificadas, 9 mostraram relações de risco entre as variáveis de interesse. Mais especificamente, verificaram-se associações de risco em dois estudos que avaliaram adolescentes expostos a, pelo menos, três horas diárias de celular, tablete e televisão. Também se observou diversidade entre instrumentos, pontos de corte adotados e equipamentos de tela avaliados. Conclusões: Mesmo que a maior parte das associações de risco tenha sido limítrofe, do ponto de vista estatístico, a presente síntese apresentou maior frequência de associações de risco entre o tempo de tela e a dor lombar não específica em adolescentes expostos ao tempo de tela por, pelo menos, três horas diárias. Complementarmente, recomenda-se que sejam conduzidos no país estudos longitudinais, com o envolvimento de crianças nas amostras.

Association between demographic factors, anxiety and depression in smokers / Associação entre fatores demográficos, ansiedade e depressão entre tabagistas

Resumo Introdução O tabagismo é uma das principais causas de morte, e embora existam várias estratégias para parar de fumar, a ansiedade e a depressão podem prejudicar este processo. Objetivo Avaliar os níveis de ansiedade e depressão em tabagistas, ajustando os valores para possíveis variáveis de confusão, como sexo, idade, escolaridade e nível socioeconômico. Método Estudo transversal, amostra de 444 indivíduos avaliados em relação ao histórico de tabagismo, níveis de ansiedade e depressão pela Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão e caracterizados conforme o perfil socioeconômico. Resultados Encontrou-se uma associação entre tabagismo e ansiedade (p = 0,003) e entre tabagismo e depressão (p <0,001) mesmo após ajustes para fatores de confusão (tabagismo e ansiedade: OR sexo: 2,01; OR idade: 2,56; OR escolaridade: 2,25; OR nível socioeconômico: 2,26; tabagismo e depressão: OR sexo: 4,80; OR idade: 3,13; OR escolaridade: 1,82; OR nível socioeconômico: 1,81). Conclusão O estudo mostrou que tabagistas apresentam altos níveis de ansiedade e depressão.

Abstract Background Smoking is one of the leading causes of death, although there are several strategies for quitting smoking. Anxiety and depression can hinder this process. Objective To assess levels of anxiety and depression in smokers, adjusting the values for possible confounding variables such as sex, age, schooling, and socioeconomic status. Method Cross-sectional study, the sample included 444 subjects were assessed for smoking history, anxiety levels and depression by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and characterized according to the socioeconomic profile. Results An association was found between smoking and anxiety (p=0.003) and between smoking and depression (p≤ 0.001) even after adjustments for confounding factors (Smoking and anxiety: OR Sex: 2.01; OR Age: 2.56; OR Schooling: 2.25; OR Socioeconomic level: 2.26; Smoking and Depression: OR Sex: 4.80; OR Age: 3.13; OR Schooling: 1.82; OR Socioeconomic level: 1.81). Conclusion The study showed that smokers present high anxiety and depression.

Analysis of different domains of physical activity with health-related quality of life in adults: 2-year cohort.

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious effects of different types of diseases and can improve general health aspects related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL). PURPOSE: To analyze the relationship of different PA domains with different HRQoL domains over a two-year period. METHODS: This is an observational study with a two-year longitudinal design. The sample, composed of adults, was selected from a randomization of the streets of the different regions (north, south, east, west and center) covering individuals from all areas of the city. To assess the practice of PA, the Baecke questionnaire was used. The instrument Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to assess the HRQoL domains. Linear regression models were used to analyzed the association of different PA domains with changes in HRQoL. Multivariate statistical models were adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, marital status, the respective PA score at baseline, smoking, body mass index, and morbidity. RESULTS: 331 adults were evaluated. There was a decrease in the practice of PA in the occupational domain and an increase in the leisure/locomotion domain. Regarding HRQoL, there was an increase in the scores of body pain and mental health, and a decrease in scores of general health, vitality, social aspects and emotional aspects. The PA practice in the occupational domain was inversely related to functional capacity (ß = - 7.2 [CI 95% - 13.0; - 1.4]). The practice of PA through sports in leisure time was positively associated with vitality (ß = 5.5 [CI 95% 0.2; 10.7]) and mental health (ß = 15.2 [CI 95% 6.8; 23.7]). PA practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (ß = - 5.68 [CI 95% - 10.7; - 0.6]) and positively associated with vitality ß = 4.8 [CI 95% 0.8; 8.7]) and mental health (ß = 8.4 [CI 95% 2.0; 14.9]). The total PA practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (ß = - 3.8 [CI 95% - 6.5; - 1.2]) and positively associated with pain in the body (ß = 4.9 [CI 95% 0.3; 9.4]), vitality (ß = 2.9 [CI 95% 0.7; 5.0]) and mental health (ß = 5.7 [CI 95% 2.2; 9.2]). CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that practicing PA continuously within a period of two years can positively affect some physical aspects and some mental aspects related to HRQoL, but not all of them. A strategy for public policy actions is to explore these variables by domain and thus detect the real needs and improvements that can be made for the population.

Tracking of physical activity and sedentary behavior of adolescents in different domains

This study aimed to verify the tracking of physical activity and sedentary behavior in different domains during adolescence. This longitudinal study involved 265 subjects (boys: 52.8%) with an initial mean age of 13.9 (± 1.2) years. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were verified using a questionnaire. The achievement of ≥ 150 min. week-1of moderate-to-vigorous intensity sport and/or physical exercise for ≥ 1 month was adoptedas sufficiently active. The data were collected on 2 occasions, with an average interval of 3 years. The description of the results used the relative frequency and Binary Logistic Regression was used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Current physical activity (adjusted odds ratios = 3.05; 95% confidence intervals: 1.77 -5.26) and sedentary behavior (adjusted odds ratios = 1.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.03 -3.19) appear to be significantly influenced by previousbehavior, except for light-intensity physical activity. Only 12.8% of the participants remained sufficiently active for sport and/or physical exercise. Practice for at least one month of sport and/or physical exercise at baseline was a predictor of practice in the follow-up, both considering participation for at least one month (adjusted odds ratios = 2.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.37 -5.79) and for four months (adjusted odds ratios = 2.47; 95% confidence intervals: 1.17 -5.24) in the follow-up. Beingsufficiently active at baseline increased the chance of being sufficiently active in the follow-up during adolescence. Interventions providing sufficient sport and/or physical exercise could positively influence the chances of practice in the future. For light-intensity physical activity interventions, strategies targeting adherence seem especially relevant.

Association Between Different Domains of Physical Activity and Body Adiposity Indicators in Breast Cancer Survivors.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the relationship between different physical activity (PA) domains and adiposity indicators in breast cancer survivors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, composed of 115 breast cancer (BC) survivors. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference were objectively collected, as well as the analysis of body fat percentage through bioelectrical impedance analysis. The PA level was assessed by the Baecke questionnaire including domains related to occupational activity, leisure-time activity, and transportation, while the time spent in sedentary behavior was assessed through self-reported screen-time. Socioeconomic status was assessed through the Brazilian criteria for economic classification and considered as a covariate. RESULTS: BC survivors with higher PA levels in leisure-time activity/sport presented reductions in body fat percentage (ß = 1.13%; CI = -2.06; -0.21), BMI (ß = 0.80 kg/m²; CI = -1.50; -0.11), WC (ß = 1.89 cm; CI = -3.54; -0.23), and waist-to-height ratio (ß = 0.13 cm; CI = -0.23; -0.02). Similar values were observed in PA during transportation and in total. There was no correlation between PA at work and adiposity indicators. CONCLUSION: Different PA domains were inversely related to body adiposity in BC survivors.

The effects of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on physical activity of people with obesity

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the association of changes on physical activity levels during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak of individuals with normal weight and overweight/obesity, and the influence of sex in this relationship. Methods This cross-sectional study (survey research) was conducted in Brazil between May 5 and May 17, 2020. Participants (n=1,828 / 1,062 women >18 years) were invited through social media to answer a structured questionnaire via Google Forms. The online assessment included self-reported responses to questions on physical activity, overall health, weight, and height. Binary logistic regression analyzed the relationship between overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥25kg/m2), the impact of COVID-19 on physical activity level, and the influence of sex. Results Compared to normal weight people, those with overweight/obesity practice less moderate to vigorous physical activity (p<0.001). There were associations between women and men with overweight/obesity and the impact of COVID-19 on the physical activity practice compared to normal weight people, adjusted by age, education level, social isolation, and previous physical activity level (p<0.017). Conclusion The study found an association of weight and changes in physical activity levels. Individuals with overweight/obesity were more likely to have a lower physical activity level during COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of sex.

Sensibilidade e especificidade de pontos de corte para frequência cardíaca em repouso de 6. 794 adolescentes Brasileiros: Um estudo transversal / Sensitivity and specificity of cutoff points of resting heart rate from 6, 794 brazilian adolescents: A cross-sectional study

Resumo Fundamento A frequência cardíaca em repouso (FCR) pode ser uma ferramenta útil de triagem para o risco cardiovascular. Porém, os pontos de corte para FCR nunca foram descritos em populações jovens. Objetivo Estabelecer os pontos de corte para FCR em adolescentes brasileiros e analisar se há associação entre pontos de corte e fatores de risco cardiovascular. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 6.794 adolescentes (de 10 a 19 anos). A pressão arterial e a FCR foram avaliadas por dispositivo oscilométrico. Também foram avaliados o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura. Foi adotada a curva ROC para analisar a sensibilidade e especificidade, e as associações de FCR elevada com os fatores de risco cardiovascular foram analisadas por regressão logística binária. Foi considerado estatisticamente significante um valor de p < 0,05 para todas as análises. Resultados Os valores médios da FCR eram mais altos entre os participantes de 10 a 14 anos do naqueles de 15 a 19 anos, em meninos (p < 0,001) e meninas (< 0,001). Os pontos de corte de FCR propostos para detecção de fatores de risco cardiovascular foram significativos para meninos de 10 a 14 (> 92 bpm) e de 15 a 19 anos (> 82 bpm) e para meninas de 15 a 19 anos (> 82 bpm) (p < 0,05 para todos), enquanto nenhum ponto de corte foi identificado para as meninas de 10 a 14 anos (p > 0,05). Os pontos de corte propostos para a FCR foram associados com obesidade abdominal, sobrepeso e pressão arterial elevada em meninos e meninas. Os pontos de corte da FCR foram associados ao conjunto de fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos. Conclusões Os pontes de corte propostos para a FCR foram associados com os fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes.

Abstract Background Resting heart rate (RHR) may be a useful screening tool for cardiovascular risk. However, RHR cutoff points, an interesting clinical approach, have never been described in young populations. Objective To establish RHR cutoff points in Brazilian adolescents and to analyze whether cutoff points are associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods The sample was composed of 6,794 adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Blood pressure and RHR were assessed by oscillometric device. Body mass index and waist circumference were also assessed. Receiver operating characteristic curve was adopted to analyze the sensitivity and specificity, and associations of high RHR with cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all the analyses. Results Mean RHR values were higher among participants ages 10 to 14 years than 15 to 19 years, for boys (p < 0.001) and girls (< 0.001). The proposed RHR cutoff points for cardiovascular risk factors detection were significant for boys ages 10 to 14 (> 92 bpm) and 15 to 19 years (> 82 bpm), as well as for girls ages 15 to 19 years (> 82 bpm) (p < 0.05 for all), whereas no cutoff point was identified for girls ages 10 to 14 years (p > 0.05). Proposed RHR cutoff points were associated with abdominal obesity, overweight, and high blood pressure in boys in girls. RHR cutoff points were associated with the cluster of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents ages 15 to 19 years. Conclusion The proposed RHR cutoff points were associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents.

Atividade física para pessoas com deficiência: Guia de Atividade Física para a População Brasileira / Physical activity for people with disabilities: Physical Activity Guidelines for the Brazilian Population

Visando orientar a população dos benefícios da prática de atividade física à saúde, pesquisadores nacionais, em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde, elaboraram o Guia de Atividade Física para a População Brasileira (Guia). O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar o processo de elaboração das recomendações brasileiras de atividade física para pessoas com deficiência (PCD). O processo de elaboração das recomendações específicas para PCD foi liderado por um grupo de trabalho com nove pesquisadores/profissionais que realizaram reuniões semanais, e que conduziram revisões sistemáti-cas e escutas com PCD, familiares, gestores, profissionais da saúde, professores e pesquisadores. Na revisão sistemática, um total de 83 estudos foram revisados e incluídos. As escutas foram realizadas por meio de formulários eletrônicos enviados por e-mail para profissionais, gestores, professores e pesquisadores que trabalhavam com PCD e de escutas virtuais, as quais foram conduzidas em dois momentos: (a) com PCD, familiares e profissionais; (b) com professores, gestores; e pesquisadores da temática. Baseado nos resultados das revisões sistemáticas e das escutas, as recomendações de atividade física para PCD foram elaboradas considerando o tempo mínimo de atividade física de acordo com faixas etárias, domínios da atividade física e recomendações para redução do comporta-mento sedentário. Portanto, o presente trabalho apresentou as estratégias e as etapas utilizadas para a elaboração do Guia, com recomendações de atividade física para PCD, as quais podem ser aliadas a políticas públicas, ambientes e oportunidades de atividade física, tornando-se estratégia essencial para o engajamento de PCD em atividades físicas

Aiming to guide the population of the physical activity benefits to health, national researchers, in partnership with the Health Ministry, have elaborated the Physical Activity Guide for the Brazilian population. The aim of this study is to present the process of elaborating Brazilian physical activity recommendations for people with disabilities (PWD). The process of elaborating specific recommendations for PWD has included the participation of nine researchers/professionals who held weekly meetings, systematic reviews, and focus groups with PWD, caregivers, healthcare managers, professionals, and researchers. In the systematic review, a total of 83 studies were included and reviewed. The focus groups were performed using an electronic form sent by e-mail to health professionals, managers, and researchers who worked with PWD and virtual focus groups, which were conducted in two moments: (a) with PWD, caregivers, and professionals; (b) with pro-fessors and researchers on the theme. Based on the results of systematic reviews and focus groups, the physical activity recommendations for PWD were developed considering the minimum physical activity time accord-ing to age group, types of physical activity, and recommendations for reducing sedentary behavior. Therefore, the present work presented recommendations for physical activity for PWD, which can be combined with public policies, environments, and opportunities for physical activity, becoming an essential strategy for the engagement of PWD in physical activities

Relationship of anxiety and depression symptoms with the different domains of physical activity in breast cancer survivors.

Background Physical activity (PA) has shown benefits in the mental health of breast cancer (BC) survivors. However, it is unclear if different domains of PA are related to the emotional well-being of this population. The objective of this study was to verify the relationship between different domains of PA [occupational, exercise/sport participation and leisure time/commuting] with symptoms of anxiety and depression in BC survivors. Methods It is a cross-sectional study, composed of 128 women breast cancer survivor, in which the socioeconomic class was evaluated through the questionnaire of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP), PA level was evaluated through the Baecke questionnaire, and, symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results It was verified that occupational PA related to anxiety (B = 1.44 [95% CI: 0.11; 2.76]) and leisure time/commuting PA was negatively related to depression (B=-0.99 [95% CI: -1.64;-0.34]), even after adjustment of analysis by age, marital status, and socioeconomic status. There was no correlation between exercise/sport participation with scores of anxiety and depression in BC survivors. Physical activity at leisure time/commuting was negatively related with depression in BC survivors with mastectomy (B=-1.20 [95% CI:-1.92; -0.47). Limitations The difficulty of recruiting the studied population and the absence of subsidy for participation in the study are factors to be considerate. Conclusions Occupational PA may not to be indicated in the management of emotional disorders in BC survivors; however, leisure time/commuting may be recommended to contribute to the mental well-being of this population.

Is physical activity associated with resting heart rate in boys and girls? A representative study controlled for confounders / A atividade física está associada à frequência cardíaca de repouso em meninos e meninas? Estudo representativo controlado para fatores de confusão

Abstract Objective: Investigate the relationship between different domains of physical activity and resting heart rate (RHR) in boys and girls. Method: The sample included 1011 adolescents, aged between 10 and 17 years. RHR was measured by a heart rate monitor and physical activity was assessed in total and in three different domains (school, occupational, and sports practice) by a questionnaire. Anthropometry was directly obtained for body mass index and central fat. Ethnicity, sedentary behavior, and smoking habits were self-reported and used to adjust the analysis, through hierarchical linear regression. Results: Total physical activity was associated with low RHR in boys (β = −0.52; 95% CI: −0.92, −0.12) and girls (β = −0.67; 95% CI: −1.07, −0.28). Although sporting physical activities were associated with low RHR in both boys (β = −0.58; 95% CI: −1.05, −0.11) and girls (β = −0.87; 95% CI: −1.34, −0.39), occupational physical activity was related to low RHR only in boys (β = −1.56; 95% CI: −2.99, −0.14). Conclusion: The practice of physical activity in the sport practice domain and total physical activity were related to low RHR in both sexes, while occupational physical activities were associated with RHR only in boys.

Resumo Objetivo Investigar a relação entre diferentes domínios de atividade física e frequência cardíaca de repouso (FCRep) em meninos e meninas. Método A amostra incluiu 1.011 adolescentes, entre 10 e 17 anos. A FCRep foi medida por um monitor de frequência cardíaca e a atividade física foi avaliada no total e em três diferentes domínios (escolar, ocupacional e prática esportiva) através de um questionário. A antropometria foi obtida diretamente para o índice de massa corporal e gordura central. Etnia, comportamento sedentário e tabagismo foram autorrelatados e usados para ajustar a análise, através da regressão linear hierárquica. Resultados A atividade física total foi associada à baixa FCRep nos meninos (β = −0,52; IC95% −0,92; −0,12) e meninas (β = −0,67; IC95% −1,07; −0,28). Embora as atividades físicas esportivas estivessem associadas à baixa FCRep em ambos, meninos (β = −0,58; IC95% −1,05, −0,11) e meninas (β = −0,87; IC95% −1,34, −0,39), a atividade física ocupacional estava relacionada à baixa FCRep apenas em meninos (β = −1,56; IC95% −2,99; −0,14). Conclusão A prática de atividade física no domínio da prática esportiva e a atividade física total foram relacionadas à baixa FCRep em ambos os sexos, enquanto as atividades físicas ocupacionais foram associadas à FCRep apenas em meninos.

Association of sedentary behaviour patterns with dietary and lifestyle habits among public school teachers: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the association of sedentary behaviour patterns with dietary and lifestyle habits among public school teachers. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 245 teachers (186 women and 59 men) with mean age of 45.2 (±10.4) were randomly selected from public schools. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Sedentary behaviour was assessed by hours spent watching television, computer and cellphone/tablet use and in sitting position. Sedentary breaks were reported in a Likert scale in domains of work and leisure time. Dietary habits were assessed by weekly consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, fried foods, sweets, grains, cereals, white meat, soft drinks and snacks. Physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status were assessed by using questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of high sedentary behaviour, high sedentary breaks at work and at leisure was 57.9%, 67.7% and 70.2% in the sample, respectively. No relationship was observed of high sedentary behaviour with dietary and lifestyle habits in adjusted analysis. However, high sedentary breaks at work were associated with high consumption of dairy products (OR=1.93 (CI 1.07 to 3.51)) and cereals (OR=2.49 (CI 1.05 to 5.92)) and with being high physically active (OR=2.57 (CI 1.14 to 5.77)). High sedentary breaks at leisure time were associated with high consumption of fruits (OR=2.33 (CI 1.28 to 4.23)) and vegetables (OR=1.91 (CI 1.05 to 3.49)) and with be high physically active (OR=2.34 (CI 1.03 to 5.35)). High sedentary breaks were associated with better dietary habits even among teachers with high sedentary behaviour. CONCLUSION: High sedentary breaks were associated with better dietary habits and with high levels of physical activity among public school teachers, even those with high sedentary behaviour.

Is physical activity associated with resting heart rate in boys and girls? A representative study controlled for confounders.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the relationship between different domains of physical activity and resting heart rate (RHR) in boys and girls. METHOD: The sample included 1011 adolescents, aged between 10 and 17 years. RHR was measured by a heart rate monitor and physical activity was assessed in total and in three different domains (school, occupational, and sports practice) by a questionnaire. Anthropometry was directly obtained for body mass index and central fat. Ethnicity, sedentary behavior, and smoking habits were self-reported and used to adjust the analysis, through hierarchical linear regression. RESULTS: Total physical activity was associated with low RHR in boys (ß=-0.52; 95% CI: -0.92, -0.12) and girls (ß=-0.67; 95% CI: -1.07, -0.28). Although sporting physical activities were associated with low RHR in both boys (ß=-0.58; 95% CI: -1.05, -0.11) and girls (ß=-0.87; 95% CI: -1.34, -0.39), occupational physical activity was related to low RHR only in boys (ß=-1.56; 95% CI: -2.99, -0.14). CONCLUSION: The practice of physical activity in the sport practice domain and total physical activity were related to low RHR in both sexes, while occupational physical activities were associated with RHR only in boys.

Impacto da queima da cana-de-açúcar sobre internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias / The impact of sugarcane burning on hospitalization due to respiratory diseases

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o impacto das emissões da queima da cana-de-açúcar sobre o número de internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias em uma região canavieira. Registros de internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias foram adquiridas a partir da base de dados referentes ao sistema de informações hospitalares do sistema único de saúde (SIH-SUS), no período de 28 de março de 2011 a 28 de dezembro de 2012. Níveis de MP10, NO2, O3, temperatura e umidade relativa foram registradas. Modelos de regressão logística foram construídos para analisar a associação entre o número total de internações, poluentes atmosféricos e variáveis meteorológicas. Foram registradas 1.179 internações, dentre elas a pneumonia mostrou aumento significativo no período de queima (p = 0,005). Neste mesmo período observou-se que o cluster MP10 e NO2 influenciou 67,9% (IC95%: 11,111-2,537), seguido do cluster MP10, NO2, O3 e temperatura que influenciou 91,1% (IC95%: 1,116; 3,271) no número total de internações. Durante o período de queima houve maior número de internações por doenças respiratórias, principalmente de pneumonia, quando foi observada a influência dos poluentes e temperatura no processo de adoecimento da população.

Abstract The scope of this article is to evaluate the impact of emissions from sugarcane burning on hospital admission numbers for respiratory diseases in a sugarcane region. Hospital admission records for respiratory diseases were acquired from the database of the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS) in the period from March 28, 2011 to December 28, 2012. Levels of PM10, NO2, O3, Temperature and Relative Humidity were recorded. Logistic regression models were created to analyze the association between the total number of hospitalizations, atmospheric pollutants and meteorological variables. A total of 1,179 hospitalization admissions were recorded, with a significant increase in cases of pneumonia in the burning period (p = 0.005). Likewise, it was observed that the cluster of PM10 and NO2 was influenced 67.9% (95% CI: 11.111-2.537) followed by cluster PM10, NO2, O3 and Temperature that influenced 91.1% (95% CI: 1.116; 3.271) in the total number of hospitalization admissions. During the sugarcane burning period there were more hospitalization admissions due to respiratory tract diseases, mainly pneumonia, where the influence of air pollutants and temperature in the process of illness in the population was detected.

[The impact of sugarcane burning on hospitalization due to respiratory diseases]. / Impacto da queima da cana-de-açúcar sobre internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias.

The scope of this article is to evaluate the impact of emissions from sugarcane burning on hospital admission numbers for respiratory diseases in a sugarcane region. Hospital admission records for respiratory diseases were acquired from the database of the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS) in the period from March 28, 2011 to December 28, 2012. Levels of PM10, NO2, O3, Temperature and Relative Humidity were recorded. Logistic regression models were created to analyze the association between the total number of hospitalizations, atmospheric pollutants and meteorological variables. A total of 1,179 hospitalization admissions were recorded, with a significant increase in cases of pneumonia in the burning period (p = 0.005). Likewise, it was observed that the cluster of PM10 and NO2 was influenced 67.9% (95% CI: 11.111-2.537) followed by cluster PM10, NO2, O3 and Temperature that influenced 91.1% (95% CI: 1.116; 3.271) in the total number of hospitalization admissions. During the sugarcane burning period there were more hospitalization admissions due to respiratory tract diseases, mainly pneumonia, where the influence of air pollutants and temperature in the process of illness in the population was detected.

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o impacto das emissões da queima da cana-de-açúcar sobre o número de internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias em uma região canavieira. Registros de internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias foram adquiridas a partir da base de dados referentes ao sistema de informações hospitalares do sistema único de saúde (SIH-SUS), no período de 28 de março de 2011 a 28 de dezembro de 2012. Níveis de MP10, NO2, O3, temperatura e umidade relativa foram registradas. Modelos de regressão logística foram construídos para analisar a associação entre o número total de internações, poluentes atmosféricos e variáveis meteorológicas. Foram registradas 1.179 internações, dentre elas a pneumonia mostrou aumento significativo no período de queima (p = 0,005). Neste mesmo período observou-se que o cluster MP10 e NO2 influenciou 67,9% (IC95%: 11,111-2,537), seguido do cluster MP10, NO2, O3 e temperatura que influenciou 91,1% (IC95%: 1,116; 3,271) no número total de internações. Durante o período de queima houve maior número de internações por doenças respiratórias, principalmente de pneumonia, quando foi observada a influência dos poluentes e temperatura no processo de adoecimento da população.

Efficacy of risk stratification protocols and clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters to previse signals and symptoms during cardiovascular rehabilitation programs: Protocol for an observational trial.

INTRODUCTION: Despite the benefits, cardiovascular rehabilitation programs (CRPs) have been related to the appearance of signals and symptoms. Risk stratification protocols are commonly used to identify risks during the physical exercise; however, studies that investigate their efficacy to previse signals and symptoms are inconclusive. Furthermore, clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters have been used as risk markers for the appearance of adverse events, and to investigate their efficacy to previse signals and symptoms during the CRP sessions that could better guide the strategies adopted on these programs. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between risk stratification protocols and clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters with the appearance of signals/symptoms during CRP, as well as to evaluate if modifications on clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters could influence in the appearance of signals/symptoms during CRP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03446742). Forty-four patient participants of a CRP will be evaluated. First, their risk stratification is going to be performed by 2 evaluators and their clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters are going to be measured. Then, the patients are going to be followed during 24 sessions during their CRP routines in order to identify appearance of their signals/symptoms. So, the patients are going to perform their cardiovascular rehabilitation routines for 6 months and then, their clinical, physical, and biochemical parameters are going to be measured again and they are going to be followed during 24 sessions during their CRP routines in order to identify the appearance of their signals/symptoms.

Relationship between the school backpack load and university students' posture / Relação entre a carga da mochila escolar e postura de estudantes universitários

AIMS: To relate the effect of progressive increases in the load of the school backpack with the posture of university students. METHOD: Twenty-six female university students from the physiotherapy course, aged between 18 and 25 years, were evaluated. Loads of 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% of the volunteers' body weight were placed in a backpack on the shoulders of the volunteers. Next, images were captured in the right sagittal plane, processed through Postural Assessment Software (SAPO). The statistical analyzes were performed using Analysis of Variance test. RESULTS: The results obtained demonstrated significant differences in the angles between the elbow and the anterior superior iliac spine when carrying 7% compared to 0% (p=0.001); and the acromion and anterior superior iliac spine comparing 7% with 0%, (p=0.032). In the other measurements, there were no significant differences. CONCLUSION: Loads from 7% of body weight are sufficient to promote postural changes.

OBJETIVOS: Relacionar o efeito do aumento progressivo da carga da mochila escolar com a postura de universitários. MÉTODO: Vinte e seis universitárias do curso de fisioterapia, com idade entre 18 e 25 anos, foram avaliadas. Cargas de 0%, 3%, 5%, 7% e 10% do peso corporal foram colocadas em uma mochila nos ombros dos voluntários. Em seguida, foram capturadas imagens no plano sagital direito, processadas através do software para avaliação postural (SAPO). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando Análise de Variância. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram diferenças significativas nos ângulos entre o cotovelo e a espinha ilíaca ântero-superior ao carregar 7% em comparação com 0%, p=0,001; e o acrômio e espinha ilíaca ântero-superior comparando 7% com 0%, p=0,032. Nas outras medições, não houve diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÃO: Cargas a partir de 7% do peso corporal são suficientes para promover alterações posturais.

Descriptive epidemiology of high TV-viewing time in Brazilian adults / Epidemiologia do excesso de tempo assistindo televisão em adultos brasileiros

High volumes of daily television viewing time increase risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems. We report the descriptive epidemiology of high (3+ hrs/day) and very high (5+ hrs/day) television (TV ) viewing time and their correlates among Brazilian adults.Data from 60,202 participants (18 more years of age) in the National Health Survey carried in 2013 were analysed. The proportions of adults spending more than 3 hours per day and more than 5 hours/day watching TV were calculated. Descriptive and adjusted analyses examined variations in the prevalence of high and very high (of TV viewing time by age, educational attainment and physical activity level, separately for men and women. Prevalence in a normal day of high TV viewing time was 28.9% and was 8.9% for very high TV time. Overall, women and those who were less educated reported more TV time than did men and the more educated. There was a slightly inverse association between physical activity practice and TV time for men but there was not a clear association between physical activity and time spent watching TV among women. Prevalence of very high TV time was 46% lower among high-educated women than their counterparts.The prevalence of high and very high TV time suggests the need to implement actions to address high levels of TV time as a prevalent leisure-time sedentary behaviour and to promote attractive active recreational options at the population level in Brazil

O excesso de tempo assistindo televisão (TV ) podem aumentar o risco de doenças cardiovasculares e outros problemas de saúde. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o excesso de tempo de televisão e seus correlatos entre adultos brasileiros. Foram analisados dados de 60.202 participantes (18 anos ou mais) na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, realizada em 2013. A prevalência de adultos que passaram mais de 3 horas por dia e mais de 5 horas/dia assistindo TV foram calculados para homens e mulheres de acordo com idade, nível de escolaridade e nível de atividade física. A prevalência participantes que relataram mais de 3 horas por dia de TV foi de 28,9%, enquanto 8,9% relataram mais de 5 horas por dia. Mulheres e participantes com menor escolaridade relataram mais tempo de TV quando comparados aos seus pares. Homens que praticaram mais atividade física relataram menos tempo de TV, entretanto o mesmo não foi observado em mulheres. A prevalência de mais de 5 horas por dia em TV foi 46% menor entre as mulheres com alto nível de escolaridade. Estes resul-tados sugerem a necessidade de implementar ações em nível populacional que considerem o comportamento sedentário, ratificando a importância em promover opções atrativas de lazer ativo para população

Atividade física e dor lombar em brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática / Physical activity and low back pain in Brazilians: a systematic review

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e sumarizar os estudos observacionais conduzidos em território brasileiro que avaliaram as possíveis associações entre a prática de atividade física (AF) e a dor lombar (DL), bem como analisar seus métodos. Para isto, foram realizadas buscas em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas (Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Sportdiscus e Web of Science), além de buscas manuais nas listas de referências. Foram incluídos estudos observacionais desenvolvidos em território brasileiro, sem restrições quanto à idade, que apresentaram análises de associações entre AF e DL, disponíveis até 10 de outubro de 2017. Dos 153 estudos inicialmente recuperados, 11 compuseram a síntese descritiva (sete deles envolvendo adultos). Das 14 análises de associação recuperadas, apenas uma apresentou associação de risco entre a prática excessiva de AF e DL, em adolescentes. A presente síntese aponta para a necessidade de importantes avanços metodológicos nos futuros estudos, tais como: a necessi-dade da realização de estudos longitudinais; a investigação de possíveis relações entre distintos domí-nios da AF e diferentes tipos de DL; a necessidade de padronização nos pontos de corte utilizados pelos instrumentos para determinar AF suficiente e a prevalência da DL; e a utilização de medidas objetivas, em paralelo ao questionário, para avaliação da AF

The objective of this study was to identify and summarize the available studies conduced in Brazil, which evaluated possible associations between physical activity (PA) and low back pain (LBP), as well as to an-alyse their methods. Search was performed in five electronic databases (Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Sportdiscus and Web of Science) and by manual searches in reference lists. Inclusion criteria were: observational studies available until October 10, 2017; which presented association analyses between PA and LBP; sample of Brazilian individuals, with no restrictions about age Of the 153 initially studies recovered, 11 were includ-ed (seven of them involving adults). Of the 14 analyses recovered, only one association was observed between excess of PA and LBP in adolescents. Most of the included articles did not show significant associations between PA and LBP. Important methodological advances are needed in future studies on this thematic, such as: longitudinal studies; the investigation of possible relationships between LBP and the distinct domains of PA; standardization in the cut-off points used to determine the prevalence of LBP and sufficient PA; the use of objective measures, in parallel to the questionnaire, for the PA assessment