RESUMO
MOTIVATION: The investigation of sets of genes using biological pathways is a common task for researchers and is supported by a wide variety of software tools. This type of analysis generates hypotheses about the biological processes that are active or modulated in a specific experimental context. RESULTS: The Network Data Exchange Integrated Query (NDEx IQuery) is a new tool for network and pathway-based gene set interpretation that complements or extends existing resources. It combines novel sources of pathways, integration with Cytoscape, and the ability to store and share analysis results. The NDEx IQuery web application performs multiple gene set analyses based on diverse pathways and networks stored in NDEx. These include curated pathways from WikiPathways and SIGNOR, published pathway figures from the last 27 years, machine-assembled networks using the INDRA system, and the new NCI-PID v2.0, an updated version of the popular NCI Pathway Interaction Database. NDEx IQuery's integration with MSigDB and cBioPortal now provides pathway analysis in the context of these two resources. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: NDEx IQuery is available at https://www.ndexbio.org/iquery and is implemented in Javascript and Java.
Assuntos
Biologia Computacional , Software , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Publicações , Bases de Dados Factuais , InternetRESUMO
A major goal of cancer research is to understand how mutations distributed across diverse genes affect common cellular systems, including multiprotein complexes and assemblies. Two challengeshow to comprehensively map such systems and how to identify which are under mutational selectionhave hindered this understanding. Accordingly, we created a comprehensive map of cancer protein systems integrating both new and published multi-omic interaction data at multiple scales of analysis. We then developed a unified statistical model that pinpoints 395 specific systems under mutational selection across 13 cancer types. This map, called NeST (Nested Systems in Tumors), incorporates canonical processes and notable discoveries, including a PIK3CA-actomyosin complex that inhibits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and recurrent mutations in collagen complexes that promote tumor proliferation. These systems can be used as clinical biomarkers and implicate a total of 548 genes in cancer evolution and progression. This work shows how disparate tumor mutations converge on protein assemblies at different scales.
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Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas/genética , Genes Neoplásicos , Humanos , Mutação , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas/métodosRESUMO
A deficient interferon (IFN) response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been implicated as a determinant of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To identify the molecular effectors that govern IFN control of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted a large-scale gain-of-function analysis that evaluated the impact of human IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) on viral replication. A limited subset of ISGs were found to control viral infection, including endosomal factors inhibiting viral entry, RNA binding proteins suppressing viral RNA synthesis, and a highly enriched cluster of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi-resident ISGs inhibiting viral assembly/egress. These included broad-acting antiviral ISGs and eight ISGs that specifically inhibited SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 replication. Among the broad-acting ISGs was BST2/tetherin, which impeded viral release and is antagonized by SARS-CoV-2 Orf7a protein. Overall, these data illuminate a set of ISGs that underlie innate immune control of SARS-CoV-2/SARS-CoV-1 infection, which will facilitate the understanding of host determinants that impact disease severity and offer potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
Assuntos
Antígenos CD/genética , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/genética , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon/genética , Interferon Tipo I/genética , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Proteínas Virais/genética , Animais , Antígenos CD/química , Antígenos CD/imunologia , Sítios de Ligação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Chlorocebus aethiops , Retículo Endoplasmático/genética , Retículo Endoplasmático/imunologia , Retículo Endoplasmático/virologia , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/química , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/genética , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Complexo de Golgi/genética , Complexo de Golgi/imunologia , Complexo de Golgi/virologia , Células HEK293 , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon/classificação , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon/imunologia , Interferon Tipo I/imunologia , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Ligação Proteica , Conformação Proteica em alfa-Hélice , Conformação Proteica em Folha beta , Domínios e Motivos de Interação entre Proteínas , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Transdução de Sinais , Células Vero , Proteínas Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/imunologia , Internalização do Vírus , Liberação de Vírus/genética , Liberação de Vírus/imunologia , Replicação Viral/genética , Replicação Viral/imunologiaRESUMO
Variation in genome structure is an important source of human genetic polymorphism: It affects a large proportion of the genome and has a variety of phenotypic consequences relevant to health and disease. In spite of this, human genome structure variation is incompletely characterized due to a lack of approaches for discovering a broad range of structural variants in a global, comprehensive fashion. We addressed this gap with Optical Mapping, a high-throughput, high-resolution single-molecule system for studying genome structure. We used Optical Mapping to create genome-wide restriction maps of a complete hydatidiform mole and three lymphoblast-derived cell lines, and we validated the approach by demonstrating a strong concordance with existing methods. We also describe thousands of new variants with sizes ranging from kb to Mb.