[Epidemiology and etiology of posterior fossa tumors with particular emphasis on astrocytomas from the Malopolska and Podkarpacki regions]. / Epidemiologia i etiologia guzów tylnej jamy czaszki ze szczególnym uwzglednieniem gwiazdziaków z terenu województw malopolskiego i podkarpackiego.

Brain tumors in children are rare compared with other diseases childhood. Virtually every pediatrician working at the local hospital has been in contact or brain tumor diagnosis was that more half of them recognized the posterior fossa tumor. Analysis of surveys showed difficulties in the interpretation of basic neurological symptoms. Lessons learned from these studies point to the fact that the success of the surgery affects mainly the histological type of tumor and its location. It is extremely important to analyze complaints and symptoms young patients, we should listen to the parents of children with, because usually just parents are the first to notice that their offspring something was wrong.

Overexpression of 5-lipoxygenase in sporadic colonic adenomas and a possible new aspect of colon carcinogenesis.

PURPOSE: We aimed to study the intracellular expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), the primary competitor with cyclooxygenase-2 in arachidonic acid metabolism, as inflammatory enzymes may be involved in blocking apoptosis and promoting cancer growth by changing arachidonic acid metabolism within cells. Our purpose was to investigate the possible connection between 5-LOX expression and colon carcinogenesis by characterizing 5-LOX expression in histologically different colonic adenomas, determining the relationship between high expression of 5-LOX and various conventional clinicopathological features of adenomas, and finally characterizing the histological localization of cells with 5-LOX overexpression. METHODS: A total of 111 patients were examined and 120 histologically different colonic adenomas analyzed (including four cases of intramucosal adenocarcinoma in a polyp). Immunohistochemical staining with polyclonal anti-5-LOX antibodies was performed. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between high 5-LOX expression and patient age, increased polyp size, high grade of intraepithelial neoplasia, villous and tubulovillous adenoma, and histological epithelial localization. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a strong positive correlation between 5-LOX overexpression and the appearance of typical high-risk factors for malignant transformation in adenomatous polyps. The results support the role of 5-LOX in early stages of colon carcinogenesis.