RESUMO
A series of resveratrol/hydrazone hybrids were obtained and elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. All compounds were evaluated against colorectal cancer cells (SW480 and Sw620) and nonmalignant cell lines (HaCaT and CHO-K1) to establish the selectivity index. Among the hybrids evaluated, compounds 6e and 7 displayed the highest cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of = 6.5 ± 1.9 µM and 19.0 ± 1.4 µM, respectively, on SW480 cells. In addition, hybrid 7 also exhibited activity on SW620 cells with an IC50 value of 38.41 ± 3.3 µM. Both compounds were even more toxic against these malignant cells in comparison to the nonmalignant ones, as evidenced by higher selectivity indices 48 h after treatment. These compounds displayed better activity and selectivity than parental compounds (PIH and Resveratrol) and the reference drug (5-FU). In addition, it was observed that both compounds caused antiproliferative activity probably exerted by cell cycle arrest at the G2/M or G0/G1 phases, with the formation of cells in the subG0/G1 phase. Furthermore, it was noticed that compound 7 induced mitochondrial depolarization in SW480 cells and positive staining for propidium iodide in both cancer cell lines, suggesting cell membrane damage involving either apoptosis or other processes of death.
RESUMO
Cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are vector-borne parasitic disease causing serious risks to million people living in poverty-stricken areas. Both diseases are a major health problem in Latin America, and currently drugs for the effective treatment of these diseases have important concerns related with efficacy or toxicity than need to be addressed. We report herein the synthesis and biological activities (cytotoxicity, leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities) of ten quinolone-hydrazone hybrids. The structure of the products was elucidated by spectrometric analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against amastigotes forms of L. (V) panamensis which is the most prevalent Leishmania species in Colombia and Trypanosoma cruzi that is the major pathogenic species to humans; in turn, cytotoxicity was evaluated against human U-937 macrophages. Compounds 6b, 6c and 8 showed activity against L. (V) panamensis with EC50 of 6.5 ± 0.8 µg/mL (21.2 µM), 0.8 ± 0.0 µg/mL (2.6 µM) and 3.4 ± 0.6 µg/mL (11.1 µM), respectively, while compounds 6a and 6c had activity against T. cruzi. with EC50 values of 1.4 ± 0.3 µg/mL (4.8 µM) and 6.6 ± 0.3 µg/mL (4.6 µM), respectively. Even compound 6a showed better activity against T. cruzi than the standard drug benznidazole with EC50 = 10.5 ± 1.8 µg/mL (40.3 µM). Analysis of the results obtained against leishmaniasis indicates that antiparasite activity is related to the presence of 2-substituted quinoline (isoquinolinic core) and the hydroxyl group in positions 3 and 4 of the aromatic ring. Although the majority of these compounds were highly cytotoxic, the antiparasite activity was higher than cytotoxicity and therefore, they still have potential to be considered as hit molecules for leishmanicidal and trypanocidal drug development.