RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Modular fluted, tapered stems provide a reliable treatment for Vancouver B2/B3 fractures. Historically, these patients had weightbearing restrictions postoperatively. Although full immediate postoperative weightbearing may provide benefits in this patient population, stem subsidence is a concern. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of post-operative weight-bearing status on stem subsidence in patients treated with modular tapered stems for Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic fractures. We sought to answer two questions: (1) Does full immediate postoperative weightbearing after revision total hip arthroplasty for periprosthetic femur fracture lead to increased stem subsidence compared to protected weightbearing? (2) Is there a mortality difference between these two groups of patients with different weightbearing restrictions? METHODS: From 2009 to 2015 all patients who underwent revision for Vancouver B2/B3 fractures were made non-weightbearing (NWB) for six weeks postoperatively. After 2015, immediate weightbearing as tolerated (WBAT) was allowed postoperatively. We compared stem subsidence between immediate postoperative and final radiographs. Additionally, we performed a Kaplan-Meijer analysis with one-year mortality as an endpoint. RESULTS: The final cohort included forty-seven patients with an average follow-up of 254 days. The average stem subsidence was 1.0 mm (95 % CI, 0.5-1.5 mm) in the NWB cohort and 0.3 mm (95 % CI, 0-0.7 mm) in the WBAT cohort (P = 0.10). In our survivorship analysis, we noted no deaths in the WBAT cohort compared to 17 % mortality in the NWB cohort at the one-year timepoint. CONCLUSION: Allowing patients to weight bear immediately after revision does not increase stem subsidence. Further studies are needed to determine whether early weightbearing provides a mortality benefit.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Fraturas do Fêmur , Prótese de Quadril , Fraturas Periprotéticas , Humanos , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Fraturas Periprotéticas/cirurgia , Fraturas Periprotéticas/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas do Fêmur/etiologia , Reoperação , Prótese de Quadril/efeitos adversosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Radiolucent lines (RLLs) following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be concerning as aseptic loosening remains a cause of failure in UKA. The aim of our study was to report on the history of RLLs surrounding the components in a cemented medial compartment fixed-bearing UKA as well as the long-term functional outcomes in this group of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective consecutive case-series, twenty-eight patients (37 knees) were treated with medial, fixed-bearing cemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. At average final follow-up of 7.1 years, 36 knees were available for review. Radiographs were taken at six weeks, one year, and final follow up. RLLs were measured using a novel modification to the Knee Society scoring (KSS) system. RESULTS: At six-weeks, we identified RLLs in 26 tibias and two femurs out of 37 total knees. At one-year, four additional tibias and both femurs showed some progression of their radiolucencies but were < 2 mm total. At final follow-up, 31 of the 36 tibias (86.1%) and five of the 36 femurs (13.9%) had any RLLs. On the tibial side, RLLs were most common in medial/lateral and anterior/posterior aspects of the tibial tray with few found centrally. On the femoral side, the posterior femoral cut accounted for the most RLLs of any zone at all time points. KSS averaged 93.8 at final follow-up and none of the patients required revision surgery. CONCLUSION: RLLs are common following cemented, fixed-bearing UKA. Many seem to progress slowly up to one year but not thereafter. There does not appear to be any association between the presence of these radiolucencies and long-term follow-up function in this group of patients.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Humanos , Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Tíbia/cirurgia , Reoperação , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/etiologia , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , SeguimentosRESUMO
Routine follow-up approximately every 2 to 5 years after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common practice. However, although patients are informed of the importance of follow-up, our mean follow-up rate for patients after standard non-metal-on-metal (MOM) THA is only 19%. The US Food and Drug Administration has released several statements on the importance of follow-up every 2 years after MOM THA. With the potential risks of MOM THA apparently widely known, we report on our ability to obtain timely follow-up at 2 separate centers. Two separate centers performed 570 MOM THA procedures between 2002 and 2010. An attempt was made to reach every patient by either telephone or letter to obtain ion levels, radiographs, and examinations. Repeat telephone calls and/or letters to those not reached were made annually. Patients were told of the unique importance of follow-up at each contact. Of the patients, 43% had not been seen within the past 5 years, and only 26% had been seen within the past 2 years. Only 61% had their first measurement of ion levels, and only 30% of patients had a second set of measurement of ion levels. A total of 48 revisions occurred in this group, and 36 patients died. Despite the apparent widespread dissemination of information regarding the potential risks of MOM THA and concerted efforts to contact patients for follow-up, we have been able to achieve a follow-up rate of only 26%. This rate is only marginally better than the mean follow-up for non-MOM THA in our practices. The implications of this poor follow-up are unknown. [Orthopedics. 2022;45(4):e196-e200.].
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Prótese de Quadril , Próteses Articulares Metal-Metal , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Seguimentos , Prótese de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Próteses Articulares Metal-Metal/efeitos adversos , Metais , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de Prótese , ReoperaçãoRESUMO
CASE: A 66-year-old man presented with chronic bilateral extensor mechanism dysfunction and profound patella baja after failed revision surgery for bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures. Staged bilateral reconstruction with complete extensor mechanism allograft resulted in excellent two-year satisfaction and clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Complete extensor mechanism reconstruction can be a successful treatment for chronic quadriceps tendon rupture with profound patella baja.
Assuntos
Ligamento Patelar , Traumatismos dos Tendões , Idoso , Aloenxertos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Masculino , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/efeitos adversos , Ligamento Patelar/cirurgia , Reoperação/efeitos adversos , Traumatismos dos Tendões/cirurgia , Transplante Homólogo/efeitos adversosRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and validate machine-learning models for the prediction of recurrent infection in patients following revision total knee arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection. METHODS: A total of 618 consecutive patients underwent revision total knee arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection. The patient cohort included 165 patients with confirmed recurrent periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Potential risk factors including patient demographics and surgical characteristics served as input to three machine-learning models which were developed to predict recurrent periprosthetic joint. The machine-learning models were assessed by discrimination, calibration and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: The factors most significantly associated with recurrent PJI in patients following revision total knee arthroplasty for PJI included irrigation and debridement with/without modular component exchange (p < 0.001), > 4 prior open surgeries (p < 0.001), metastatic disease (p < 0.001), drug abuse (p < 0.001), HIV/AIDS (p < 0.01), presence of Enterococcus species (p < 0.01) and obesity (p < 0.01). The machine-learning models all achieved excellent performance across discrimination (AUC range 0.81-0.84). CONCLUSION: This study developed three machine-learning models for the prediction of recurrent infections in patients following revision total knee arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection. The strongest predictors were previous irrigation and debridement with or without modular component exchange and prior open surgeries. The study findings show excellent model performance, highlighting the potential of these computational tools in quantifying increased risks of recurrent PJI to optimize patient outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
Assuntos
Artrite Infecciosa , Artroplastia do Joelho , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese , Artrite Infecciosa/etiologia , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Aprendizado de Máquina , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/diagnóstico , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/etiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/cirurgia , Reinfecção , Reoperação/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the patient, injury, and treatment factors associated with an acute infection during the treatment of open ankle fractures in a large multicenter retrospective review. To evaluate the effect of infectious complications on the rates of nonunion, malunion, and loss of reduction. DESIGN: Multicenter retrospective review. SETTING: Sixteen trauma centers. PATIENTS: One thousand and 3 consecutive skeletally mature patients (514 men and 489 women) with open ankle fractures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fracture-related infection (FRI) in open ankle fractures. RESULTS: The charts of 1003 consecutive patients were reviewed, and 712 patients (357 women and 355 men) had at least 12 weeks of clinical follow-up. Their average age was 50 years (range 16-96), and average BMI was 31; they sustained OTA/AO types 44A (12%), 44B (58%), and 44C (30%) open ankle fractures. The rate FRI rate was 15%. A multivariable regression analysis identified male sex, diabetes, smoking, immunosuppressant use, time to wound closure, and wound location as independent risk factors for infection. There were 77 cases of malunion, nonunion, loss of reduction, and/or implant failure; FRI was associated with higher rates of these complications (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Several patient, injury, and surgical factors were associated with FRI in the treatment of open ankle fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assuntos
Fraturas do Tornozelo , Fraturas Expostas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fraturas do Tornozelo/epidemiologia , Fraturas do Tornozelo/cirurgia , Feminino , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Fraturas Expostas/epidemiologia , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The optimal dosing of post-operative total knee arthroplasty (TKA) narcotics is unclear. We report on the average narcotic usage in a group of patients treated with an identical multimodal pain protocol following TKA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 49 patients undergoing TKA participated in the survey. Patients with pre-op narcotic use, recent prior total joint arthroplasty or study refusal were excluded. All patients received a spinal anesthetic. No pre-surgery narcotics were given. All received an identical local infiltrative anesthetic combination along with a multimodal pain protocol. Patients were placed into an identical rapid rehab program. Narcotic usage during hospitalization was recorded in morphine equivalent doses (MED). Patients were given a journal to record their daily narcotic utilization. RESULTS: Pre-operative pain scores of the excluded groups had slightly higher but clinically insignificant differences compared to the study group. In the hospital, POD1 study group daily MED averaged 28 (range 0-110). POD2 had an average of 33.6 and POD 3 daily usages averaged 28.6 (range 0-100). By the end of week two, the average daily use was 19.2 and 24% patients were off all narcotics. By the end of week four, the average daily usage was 7.5 and 63% of patients were off all narcotics. By 8â¯weeks, there were no patients still taking narcotics. KSS averaged 76.9 (range 51-97) at the 6â¯week visit, and 94.2 at the 3-month visit (range 72-100). SUMMARY: This study documents the average needs of an average TKA patient treated with modern pain protocols. The majority of these patients were off narcotics by week four.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Entorpecentes/uso terapêutico , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Raquianestesia/métodos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos , Feminino , Gabapentina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Hidromorfona/uso terapêutico , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Entorpecentes/administração & dosagem , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , AutorrelatoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether patients with operatively treated fractures and surgical site infection after use of topical vancomycin powder have a lower proportion of Staphylococcus aureus infections than patients who did not receive topical vancomycin powder. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Level I trauma center. PATIENTS: Treatment group: 10 of 133 patients (145 fractures) with surgical site infections who received intrawound vancomycin powder at the time of wound closure for fracture fixation. Control group: 175 patients who sustained deep surgical site infections during the same period but did not receive vancomycin powder. INTERVENTION: Vancomycin powder or no vancomycin powder. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Proportion of patients' cultures positive for S. aureus. RESULTS: The proportion of cultures positive for S. aureus was significantly lower in patients with surgical site infection who received vancomycin powder than in those who did not receive vancomycin powder (10% [1 of 10 patients in the treatment group] vs. 50% [87 of 175 patients in the control group]; P = 0.02). A trend was observed for a lower proportion of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (0% vs. 23%; P = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin powder might alter the bacteriology of surgical site infections and decrease the proportion in culture of the most common organism typically present after fracture surgery infection. These findings suggest that the application of vancomycin powder might change the bacteriology of surgical site infections when they occur, regardless of the effect on overall infection rates. Although our bacteriology results are clinically and statistically significant, these findings must be confirmed in larger randomized controlled trials. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assuntos
Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Humanos , Pós , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , VancomicinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic fracture is a leading reason for readmission following total hip arthroplasty. Most of these fractures occur during the early postoperative period before bone ingrowth. Before ingrowth occurs, the femoral component can rotate relative to the femoral canal, causing a spiral fracture pattern. We sought to evaluate, in a paired cadaver model, whether the torsional load to fracture was higher in collared stems. The hypothesis was that collared stems have greater load to fracture under axial and torsional loads compared with collarless stems. METHODS: Twenty-two cadaveric femora (11 matched pairs) with a mean age of 77 ± 10.2 years (range, 54 to 90 years) were harvested. Following dissection, the femora were evaluated with use of a dual x-ray absorptiometry scanner and T scores were recorded. We utilized a common stem that is available with the same intraosseous geometry with and without a collar. For each pair, 1 femur was implanted with a collared stem and the contralateral femur was implanted with a collarless stem with use of a standard broaching technique. A compressive 68-kg load was applied to simulate body weight during ambulation. A rotational displacement was then applied until fracture occurred. Peak torque prior to fracture was measured with use of a torque meter load cell and data acquisition software. RESULTS: The median torque to fracture was 65.4 Nm for collared stems and 43.1 Nm for uncollared stems (p = 0.0014, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). The median T score was -1.95 (range, -4.1 to -0.15). The median difference in torque to fracture was 29.18 Nm. As expected in each case, the mode of failure was a spiral fracture around the implant. CONCLUSIONS: Collared stems seemed to offer a protective effect in torsional loading in this biomechanical model comparing matched femora. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results may translate into a protective effect against early periprosthetic Vancouver B2 femoral fractures that occur before osseous integration has occurred.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril/instrumentação , Fraturas do Fêmur/prevenção & controle , Prótese de Quadril , Fraturas Periprotéticas/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Fraturas do Fêmur/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fraturas Periprotéticas/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , TorqueRESUMO
AIMS: Enhanced perioperative protocols have significantly improved patient recovery following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Little has been investigated the effectiveness of these protocols for revision TKA (RTKA). We report on a matched group of aseptic revision and primary TKA patients treated with an identical pain and rehabilitation programmes. METHODS: Overall, 40 aseptic full-component RTKA patients were matched (surgical date, age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)) to a group of primary cemented TKA patients. All RTKAs had new uncemented stemmed femoral and tibial components with metaphyseal sleeves. Both groups were treated with an identical postoperative pain protocol. Patients were followed for at least two years. Knee Society Scores (KSS) at six weeks and at final follow-up were recorded for both groups. RESULTS: There was no difference in mean length of stay between the primary TKA (1.2 days (0.83 to 2.08)) and RTKA patients (1.4 days (0.91 to 2.08). Mean oral morphine milligram (mg) equivalent dosing (MED) during the hospitalization was 42 mg/day for the primary TKA and 38 mg/day for the RTKA groups. There were two readmissions: gastrointestinal disturbance (RTKA) and urinary retention (primary TKA). There no were reoperations, wound problems, thromboembolic events or manipulations in either group. Mean overall KSS for the RTKA group was 87.3 (45 to 99) at six-week follow-up and 89.1 (52 to 100) at final follow-up (mean 3.9 years, (3.9 to 9.0)). Mean overall KSS for the primary group was 89.9 (71 to 100) at six-week follow-up and 93.42 (73 to 100) at final follow-up (mean 3.5 years (2.5 to 9.2)). CONCLUSION: An identical pain and rehabilitation protocol used for primary TKA patients can enable certain full-component aseptic RTKA patients to have a similar early functional outcome. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(6 Supple A):96-100.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anestésicos/uso terapêutico , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Protocolos Clínicos , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Reoperação , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Prótese do Joelho , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Aseptic loosening remains a common cause of failure in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There is an increased interest in using uncemented TKA to reduce this complication. Radiolucencies (RLs) following uncemented TKA can be concerning. We report on the 9-year history of RLs in patients with uncemented TKA. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (26 knees) were treated with a cruciate-retaining fully porous coated femur/tibia and cemented patella. At final follow-up, 17 patients (22 knees) were available for review. Average follow-up was 9.6 years, average age was 59.1, and average body mass index was 34.1. X-rays were taken at 6 weeks, 1 year, and at final follow-up. RLs were measured using the Knee Society scoring system and read by two separate surgeons. RESULTS: At 6 weeks, we identified RL in all patients on both the tibia and femur. The majority were beneath the tibial tray and femoral chamfer. At 1 year, 4 femurs and 4 tibias showed new RLs (<2 mm) in similar zones. Eighteen femurs and 18 tibias showed fewer or no change in RLs. At final follow-up, no new tibia or femur developed a new RL. In total, 9 of the 22 tibias and 17 of the 22 femurs had remaining RLs, all less than 2 mm and none were progressive or new. Knee Society Score averaged 92.5 (6 weeks), 95.1 (1 year), and 97.3 (final). CONCLUSION: RLs are common following uncemented TKA. Many resolve by 1 year. There does not appear to be any association between the presence of RLs and long-term follow-up function in this group of patients.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Cimentos Ósseos , Seguimentos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Falha de Prótese , Reoperação , Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tíbia/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether an in-office exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) monitor can increase interest in smoking cessation among the orthopaedic trauma population. DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: Level I trauma center. PATIENTS: One hundred twenty-four orthopaedic trauma patients. INTERVENTION: In-office measurement of exhaled CO. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Stage of change, Likert scale score on willingness to quit today, patient's request for referral to a quitline, and increase in readiness to quit. RESULTS: The use of an exhaled CO monitor increased willingness to quit in 71% of participants still smoking and increased willingness to quit on average by 0.8 points on a 10-point Likert scale (P < 0.001). Fifteen percent of patients modified their stage of change toward quitting. Forty percent of patients after exhaled CO monitor requested referral to a quitline, compared with 4% presurvey (P < 0.001). Anecdotally, most participants were very interested in the monitoring device and its reading, expressing concern with the result. The value of exhaled CO was not associated with any measured outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The use of an exhaled CO monitor increased willingness to quit smoking in 71% of patients, but the effect size was relatively small (0.8 points on a 10-point Likert scale). However, use of the CO monitor resulted in a large increase (40% vs. 4%) in referral to the national Quitline. Use of the Quitline typically increases the chance of smoking cessation by 10 times the baseline rate, suggesting that this finding might be clinically important. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assuntos
Monóxido de Carbono/análise , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Expiração/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Ortopedia/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/estatística & dados numéricos , Centros de Traumatologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review (2001-2014) was conducted using prospectively collected data at a level I trauma center. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the incidence and characteristics of complications occurring secondary to therapeutic anticoagulation in adult spine trauma patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Numerous studies have assessed prophylactic anticoagulation after spine surgery, but none has investigated the risks of therapeutic doses of anticoagulation for treatment of postoperative thromboembolic events. METHODS: Patients were included if they sustained a postoperative thromboembolic event (deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or myocardial infarction). Patients were excluded if anticoagulation was subtherapeutic. Of 1712 patients, 62 who received therapeutic anticoagulation and 174 propensity-matched control patients who did not receive therapeutic anticoagulation were included in the study. RESULTS: Initial anticoagulation was obtained by heparin infusion (51%), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH, 46%), and warfarin (3%). Complications requiring unplanned reoperation occurred in 18% of anticoagulated patients and 10% of nonanticoagulated patients (Pâ=â0.17). The reoperation rate after heparin infusion was 31% and after LMWH was 6.5% (Pâ=â0.02). Epidural hematoma occurred in 3% and 1% of anticoagulated and nonanticoagulated patients, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the two groups showed a trend toward increased risk of reoperation in the anticoagulation group. Analysis of the heparin infusion subgroup separate from the LMWH subgroup compared with the control group showed an increased risk of reoperation for any complication (odds ratio, 3.57; Pâ=â0.01) and for bleeding complications (odds ratio, 43.1; Pâ=â0.01). CONCLUSION: This is the first study to quantify complications secondary to postoperative therapeutic anticoagulation in spine patients. Postoperative spine trauma patients who underwent therapeutic anticoagulation experienced an unplanned reoperation rate of 18%, including a 3% incidence of spinal epidural hematoma. Therapeutic anticoagulation using heparin infusion seems to drive the overall rate of reoperation (31%) compared with LMWH. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Embolia Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/epidemiologia , Trombose Venosa/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Heparina/administração & dosagem , Heparina/efeitos adversos , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/administração & dosagem , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Trombose Venosa/diagnóstico , Trombose Venosa/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Complex sacral fractures with vertical and anterior pelvic ring instability treated with traditional fixation methods are associated with high rates of failure and poor clinical outcomes. Supplemental lumbopelvic fixation (LPF) has been applied for additional stability to help with fracture union. PURPOSE: The study aimed to determine whether minimally invasive LPF provides reliable fracture stability and acceptable complication rates in cases of complex sacral fractures. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This is a retrospective cohort study at a single level I trauma center. PATIENT SAMPLE: The sample includes 24 patients who underwent minimally invasive LPF for complex sacral fracture with or without associated pelvic ring injury. OUTCOME MEASURES: Reoperation for all causes, loss of fixation, surgical time, transfusion requirements, length of hospital stay, postoperative day at mobilization, and mortality were evaluated. METHODS: Patient charts from 2008 to 2014 were reviewed. Of the 32 patients who underwent minimally invasive LPF for complex sacral fractures, 24 (12 male, 12 female) met all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcome measures were assessed with a retrospective chart review and radiographic review. The authors did not receive external funding for this study. RESULTS: Acute reoperation was 12%, and elective reoperation was 29%. Two (8%) patients returned to the operating room for infection, one (4.2%) required revision for instrumentation malposition, and seven (29%) underwent elective removal of instrumentation. No patient experienced failure of instrumentation or loss of correction. Average surgical time was 3.6 hours, blood loss was 180 mL, transfusion requirement was 2.1 units of packed red blood cells, and postoperative mobilization was on postoperative day 5. No mortalities occurred as a result of the minimally invasive LPF procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with historic reports of open LPF, our results demonstrate reliable maintenance of reduction and acceptable complication rates with minimally invasive LPF for complexsacral fractures. The benefits of minimally invasive LPF may be offset with increased elective reoperations for removal of instrumentation.
Assuntos
Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Região Lombossacral/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Surgical irrigation and debridement is the mainstay of treatment after the diagnosis of a septic knee. Arthroscopic treatment has been validated as a treatment option, but there is limited literature comparing it to an open arthrotomy regarding risk factors for failing single-stage surgical treatment. A retrospective review of surgically treated native adult septic knees at one urban tertiary care center was conducted to evaluate rates of unplanned return to the operating room (OR) following both arthroscopic and open treatment of an adult septic knee. The primary outcome studied was unplanned return to the OR for persistent infection within 4 months of the initial surgery. Demographics, laboratory, and microbiology data were collected to identify factors associated with unplanned return visits to the OR. Fisher's exact tests and two-tailed paired Student's t-tests were used for categorical and continuous data comparisons, respectively. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors of initial washout failure. Thirty-three patients underwent arthroscopy and 47 had open arthrotomy. Eight failed arthroscopy and nine failed open treatment (75.8 and 80.9% success rates, p = 0.59). Unplanned repeat washouts in arthroscopically treated knees was associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (62.5 vs. 12%, p = 0.01) and increased synovial white blood cell (WBC) count (160,000 vs. 52,000, p = 0.004). Unplanned return for repeat washout after open treatment was associated with lower American Society of Anesthesiologists scores (2.3 vs. 2.9, p = 0.019). MRSA was the only independent predictor of failure of single washout in a multivariable logistic regression analysis (p = 0.017). This study did not detect a difference in success of single washout between arthroscopic and open treatment of septic arthritis. However, MRSA was identified as a risk factor for an unplanned return to the OR after arthroscopic treatment. Consideration should be made for open surgical treatment in the setting of MRSA infections of a native knee.
Assuntos
Artrite Infecciosa/microbiologia , Artrite Infecciosa/cirurgia , Artroscopia/efeitos adversos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Artrite Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Desbridamento , Feminino , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/microbiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Some have proposed that a so-called digital divide exists for orthopaedic trauma patients and that the clinical usefulness of the Internet for these patients is limited. No studies to date have confirmed this or whether patients would use a provided web resource. The hypotheses of this study were (1) a larger than expected percentage of trauma patients have access to the Internet and (2) if given access to a custom site, patients will use it. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Level 1 regional trauma center. PATIENTS: Patients who were 18 years or older with acute operative fractures participated in this study. Enrollment was initiated either before discharge or at initial outpatient follow-up. INTERVENTION: We conducted a survey of demographics, Internet usage, device type, eHealth Literacy, and intent to use the web site. Participants received a keychain containing the web address and a unique access code to our custom orthopaedic trauma web site. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Percentage of patients with Internet access and percentage of patients who visited the web site. RESULTS: One hundred twelve patients were enrolled. Ninety-three percent (104/112) reported having Internet access (P < 0.0001). Only increasing age predicted lack of access (P < 0.015; odds ratio, 0.95). Most (95%, 106/112) planned to visit our site; however, only 11% (P < 0.001) accessed it. CONCLUSIONS: The digital divide is a myth in orthopaedic trauma. Despite widespread access and enthusiasm for our web site, few patients visited. This cautions against the allocation of resources for patient-specific web sites for orthopaedic trauma until a rationale for use can be better delineated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assuntos
Exclusão Digital , Internet/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Centros de Traumatologia , Estados Unidos , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of tibial nonunions has eluded researchers. Reliably predicting tibial nonunions at the time of fixation could change management strategies and stimulate further research. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We asked (1) whether data from medical records, fracture characteristics, and radiographs obtained at the time of fixation would identify features predictive of tibial fracture nonunion; and (2) whether this information could be used to create a model to assess the chance of nonunion at the time of intramedullary (IM) nail fixation of the tibia. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all tibial shaft fractures treated at our center from 2007 to 2014. We conducted a literature review and collected data on 35 factors theorized to contribute to delayed bone healing. Patients were followed to fracture healing or surgery for nonunion. Patients with planned prophylactic nonunion surgery were excluded because their nonunions were anticipated and our focus was on unanticipated nonunions. Our cohort consisted of 382 patients treated with IM nails for tibial shaft fractures (nonunion, 56; healed, 326). Bivariate and multivariate regression techniques and stepwise modeling approaches examined the relationship between variables available at definitive fixation. Factors were included in our model if they were identified as having a modest to large effect size (odds ratio > 2) at the p < 0.05 level. RESULTS: A multiple variable logistic regression model was developed, including seven factors (p < 0.05; odds ratio > 2.0). With these factors, we created the Nonunion Risk Determination (NURD) score. The NURD score assigns 5 points for flaps, 4 points for compartment syndrome, 3 points for chronic condition(s), 2 points for open fractures, 1 point for male gender, and 1 point per grade of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status and percent cortical contact. One point each is subtracted for spiral fractures and for low-energy injuries, which were found to be predictive of union. A NURD score of 0 to 5 had a 2% chance of nonunion; 6 to 8, 22%; 9 to 11, 42%; and > 12, 61%. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed nonunion prediction model (NURDS) seems to have potential to allow clinicians to better determine which patients have a higher risk of nonunion. Future work should be directed at prospectively validating and enhancing this model. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, diagnostic study.