An unusual osteoma in the mandibular condyle and the successful replacement of the temporomandibular joint with a custom-made prosthesis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: An osteoma is a benign tumor of bone with unknown etiology and is considered rare, mostly restricted to the craniofacial skeleton. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report describes an uncommon condylar osteoma in a 67 years old white female patient with laterognathism to the left side, limited mouth opening, aesthetic change and pain associated with the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The histopathological examination confirmed osteoma. The lesion was surgically excised and immediate reconstruction was carried out using a custom-made total TMJ prosthesis. The patient has been in follow-up for 2 years, with no symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral total TMJ prosthesis can be considered to replacement of TMJ after osteoma excision with resection of the condyle.

Infecção secundária e persistente e sua relação com o fracasso do tratamento endodôntico / The relationship between secondary and persistent infections and failure of endodontic treatments

Objetivo: O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura foi discutir a relação entre a infecção secundária e a infecção persistente e o insucesso endodôntico. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica abrangendo artigos de revisão e de pesquisa, a partir de buscas em bases de dados SciELO, Periodicos CAPES, PubMed e MedLine utilizando os seguintes descritores: endodontia, periodontite periapical, infecção. Foram incluídos artigos publicados no período de 1990 a 2016 e escritos nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Além disso, os artigos foram selecionados após a leitura do seu resumo e a verificação da adequação do mesmo ao conteúdoa dessa revisão. Resultados: A literatura atual parece concordar que a desinfecção inadequada do sistema de canais radiculares e mecanismos de adaptação e resistência microbiana desempenham papel importante no insucesso endodôntico. Porém, a mesma ainda é controversa com relação ao papel do E. faecalis nesses casos de insucesso. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, dentro das limitações do presente estudo, que o respeito às técnicas endodônticas é fundamental para obter sucesso e que novos estudos, utilizando proteômica, podem contribuir para esclarecer quais os principais micro-organismos envolvidos, bem como seu mecanismo de ação.

Objective: The aim of the present literature review was to discuss the relationship between secondary infections and persistent infections and endodontic treatment failure. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search including review articles and original research by searching the SciELO, Periódicos CAPES, PubMed and Medline databases using the following descriptors: endodontics, apical periodontitis, and infection. We included articles that were published between 1990 and 2016, and written in either English or Portuguese. Articles were selected after reading their abstracts and verifying their relevance to the review content. Results: The current literature seems to agree that inadequate disinfection of the root canal system, along with mechanisms of bacterial adaptation and resistance play an important role in endodontic treatment failure. However, there is still controversy regarding the role of Enterococcus faecalis in these failures. Conclusion: From the present study's findings, we can conclude that strict compliance to the proper endodontic techniques is fundamental for treatment success. Additionally, we believe that further studies using proteomic techniques may help fill the gaps regarding the main microorganisms associated with endodontic treatment failure as well as their mechanisms of action.