RESUMO
Infection of sheep with Teladorsagia circumcincta triggers an immune response with predominantly type-2 (Th2) characteristics, including local eosinophila, mastocytosis and increased mucus production. In order to better understand the protective immune responses elicited, we used RT-PCR assays to define the changes in expression levels of a range of cytokine transcripts in lymph nodes draining the ovine abomasum following a challenge infection with T. circumcincta. This study compared the changes in cytokine expression in the abomasal lymph node following challenge with T. circumcincta in naïve sheep (Group 2) and sheep immunised by a previous trickle infection (Group 3), in comparison to unchallenged naive sheep (Group 1). There was a significant up-regulation of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and IL-13 in both the challenged groups compared to naïve individuals. There was also an up-regulation of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) by day 5 after infection. IL-12p40 was found to be increased in the previously infected Group 3 animals by day 5 following challenge. By contrast, transcription of this cytokine was found to be reduced by day 10 following infection of Group 2 animals. Expression of IL-2 and Interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) did not significantly differ between the three groups.
Assuntos
Citocinas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia , Trichostrongyloidea/fisiologia , Tricostrongiloidíase/veterinária , Animais , Citocinas/genética , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/metabolismo , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Tricostrongiloidíase/imunologia , Tricostrongiloidíase/metabolismoRESUMO
Myxomas are rare cutaneous tumors that have been associated with a variety of other abnormalities including atrial myxomas, endocrine abnormalities, and bone malformations. We describe a 38-year-old white man with multiple periorbital myxomas in whom myalgias, fatigue, and more diffuse cutaneous involvement developed. These findings were consistent with scleromyxedema. He also had an associated left subclavian deep venous thrombosis. The patient responded well to therapy with cyclophosphamide.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Faciais/complicações , Mixedema/etiologia , Mixoma/complicações , Neoplasias Cutâneas/complicações , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Faciais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Faciais/patologia , Fadiga/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Mixoma/tratamento farmacológico , Mixoma/patologia , Órbita , Esclerodermia Localizada/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Tromboflebite/etiologiaRESUMO
A 16-day-old premature male infant developed rapidly expanding necrotic facial plaques. Histology and cultures of tissue biopsy specimens revealed infection with Rhizopus arrhizius. The patient was treated aggressively with surgical debridement, amphotericin B, and rifampin, but had a progressive spread of the cutaneous infection and a fatal clinical course. He had gastrointestinal and pulmonary involvement on autopsy. Zygomycoses are rapidly progressive infections which generally affect immunocompromised hosts. Premature infants should be included as individuals at risk for disseminated zygomycotic disease.