Causal relationship between the gut microbiome and basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning: evidence from three two-sample mendelian randomisation studies.

Objectives: The present study used publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data to perform three two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, aiming to examine the causal links between gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Methods: SNPs associated with exposures to basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning from the genome-wide association study data of UK Biobank and MRC-IEU (MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit), and the meta-analysis data from Biobank and MRC-IEU were used as instrumental variables (IVs). The casual estimates were assessed with a two-sample Mendelian randomisation test using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, Wald ratio, MR-Egger method, maximum likelihood, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Results: After the application of MR analysis, diffirent effects of multiple groups of gut microbiota was observed for BCC, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning. The relationships between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning were supported by a suite of sensitivity analyses, with no statistical evidence of instrument heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Further investigation is required to explore the relationship between between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Conclusion: Our study initially identified potential causal roles between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning, and highlighted the role of gut microbiome in the progression of basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning.

Use of Composite Acellular Dermal Matrix-Ultrathin Split-Thickness Skin in Hand Hot-Crush Injuries: A One-Step Grafting Procedure.

Background: Hot-crush injuries to the hands can be devastating, and early debridement and coverage with skin autograft remains the golden standard of wound treatment. However, this type of treatment is not feasible or unlikely to succeed due to limited donor sites and wound characteristics of hot-crush injuries on hands. Thus, the composite grafting of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and split-thickness skin graft (STSG) as a novel alternative method has been attempted. In this series, the results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of one-stage procedure for early reconstruction in hand hot-crush injuries. Methods: All consecutive patients with hand hot-crush injuries, who underwent one-stage procedure of ADM and ultrathin STSG for soft tissue coverage at our institution from December 2018 to November 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. Wound dressings were opened on 7 days after operation to examine graft survival and complications. Patients were followed up for at least 9 months to evaluate their hand profiles. Results: Samples of 14 patients with a total of 23 wounds were involved in the study. Thirteen of the 23 third-fourth-degree wounds had varying degrees of tendon exposure. On 7 days postoperation, the composite grafts survived in 12 patients with minimal focal graft losses and liquefaction and necrosis in 2 patients, which achieved successful healing following new coverage of ultrathin STSG. All the wounds healed with hospital stays ranging from 9 days to 32 days (median: 24.5 days). At the final follow-up (from 9 months to 20 months), all patients achieved excellent or good total active motion grade and good scar quality (Vancouver scar scale scored 1-3) with no revision surgery. Conclusions: One-stage composite grafting of ADM and ultrathin STSG is a reliable alternative for early reconstruction in hand hot-crush injuries, which delivers good functional outcomes and a good cosmetic appearance.

[Role of dysfunction of macrophage in intractable diabetic wound].

As a result of the stimulation of proinflammatory mediators, circulating peripheral-blood mononuclear cells migrate into the wound area, and they differentiate into different phenotypes of macrophage to take different roles in healing process. Their phenotypes interchange under different microenvironments. The disturbance of cutaneous environment in diabetic patients has been shown to alter the quantity, morphology, and functions of the macrophages resulting in retardation of wound healing. Healing of intractable diabetic wound can be improved by the supplement of exogenous growth factors, which might improve healing process by regulating the phenotype of macrophage in intractable diabetic wound. This article reviews the relationship between intractable diabetic wound and macrophage to explore new methods of treating intractable diabetic wound.