Rare adrenal incidentaloma: ganglioneuroma.

Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare, benign neurogenic tumor that develops from sympathetic ganglion cells. It occurs mainly in the retroperitoneal region. Adrenal localization is rare. We report a case of adrenal ganglioneuroma in a 22-year-old woman with no previous history of the disease. The tumor was discovered incidentally on an entero scan ordered as part of the etiological assessment for chronic diarrhea. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.

What may an adrenal mass conceal? Adrenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report.

Extraintestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are extremely rare, and adrenal GISTs are even exceptional. Only three cases have been reported in the literature thus far, the current case being the fourth. This case demonstrates the need of including extraintestinal GIST in the differential diagnosis when investigating adrenal tumors. Herein, we present a case of adrenal GIST diagnosed in a 60-year-old female patient who had a left adrenal GIST surgically removed as an adrenal tumor.

A case of extremely rare pathology: Renal malakoplakia.

Malakoplakia is a granulomatous tissue inflammation with a characteristic histological appearance, mainly affecting the urogenital system and morphologically reflecting a macrophage disease. If bladder involvement is the most common, renal involvement is very rare and may be responsible for a differential diagnosis problem with renal cell carcinoma. We present a clinical case of renal malacoplakia mimicking malignant renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after partial nephrectomy in a 58-year-old woman with no history of recurrent urinary infections.

Hematuria complicated by urinary retention revealing post-radiotherapy gangrenous cystitis with peritoneal involvement: an exceptional case in current urological practice.

Gangrenous cystitis is a pathology that is rarely encountered in current urological practice. It is due to necrosis of the bladder wall, which may be superficial or involve the entire wall. Its exact pathogenesis is unknown, but several factors make its diagnosis based on cystoscopy or imaging. Its surgical treatment depends on the operative finding. In this report, the authors report a case of gangrenous cystitis in a 73-year-old patient with a history of prostatectomy and radiotherapy whose main manifestation was urinary retention. The diagnosis was made by computed tomography scan. Surgical exploration confirmed the diagnosis, thus imposing a partial cystectomy with an omentum base plasty. Despite a good postoperative clinical and biological evolution, the patient died in the intensive care unit following respiratory distress and ventricular tachycardia. This case reminds once again the high mortality associated with this pathology.

A large dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma extended to the testis: a rare case report.

Liposarcomas are neoplasms of mesodermal origin representing less than 1% of all malignant tumors and 1 to 2% of urogenital lesions. Primary retroperitoneal liposarcomas extending into the inguinal canal are rare. We present the case of a large retroperitoneal liposarcoma invading the left testicle and its spermatic cord. It was diagnosed by imaging as a large mass that compresses surrounding abdominal structures and communicating with the inguinal canal. A surgical intervention consisting of en bloc resection of the tumor and the left testicle with its cord was performed by 2 routes, intercostal and inguinal. Histology showed a dedifferentiated liposarcoma, which is a rare entity with a high rate of malignancy and a poor prognosis. The treatment of choice is wide surgical resection with clear margins; chemotherapy and radiotherapy are less sensitive. The patient did not manifest any particular complaints during the first six months after surgery.

Primary renal lymphoma in an immunocompetent patient.

Renal lymphoma is rarely primary, but its diagnosis is critical because it requires specialized medical treatment. We present the case of a 59-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital for a painful left renal mass revealed by isolated chronic low back pain. A clinical examination revealed left lumbar tenderness. A non-lymphoma Hodgkin's type B was discovered during a renal biopsy. As part of the extension workup, a PET scan was performed, which revealed no secondary location, and the patient underwent chemotherapy. Following the start of chemotherapy, a complete remission was observed, as well as a reduction in the size of the kidney.

Performance Evaluation of New Chalcone Oxime Functionalized Graphene Oxide as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in a Hydrochloric Acid Solution.

This study aims to synthesize new chalcone oxime functionalized graphene oxide (CO-GO) and investigate the enhancement in corrosion protection. The morphology and structure of the synthesized CO-GO have been characterized by elemental analysis: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the effectiveness of corrosion inhibition was investigated by utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The results of the above analyses demonstrate that CO-GO has an outstanding corrosion inhibitor performance of up to 94% and acts as a mixed-type inhibitor with a primarily anodic action. The effect of temperature on a carbon steel surface indicates that the tested composites are chemisorbed. A few techniques were able to provide surface characterization such as scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy to confirm inhibitor adsorption on the carbon steel surface.

Acute renal failure and bladder tumors, about 106 cases.

OBJECTIVES: The overall objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of acute renal failure due to bladder tumors by describing the clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, histological and clinical evolution parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study over a period of 2 years dating from the first of September 2017 to the 31 of October 2019 on a number of patients with acute renal failure due to bladder tumors treated at the department of urology in the Ibn Roch teaching Hospital in Casablanca. RESULTS: In a series of 597 cases of bladder tumors, the prevalence of acute renal failure was 17.8%. The mean age was 69.5 years [51-88], with a male predominance (97%). The main clinical signs were hematuria (87%), lower back pain (62%), oligo-anuria (31%) and acute urine retention (12%). The mean serum creatinine on admission was 1316µmol/L (extremes: 155-2477) and The mean serum urea was 2.4g/L (0.8-4). Renal ultrasound showed hydronephrosis in 96% of cases, which was bilateral in 69% of cases. Hemodialysis was indicated in 23.6% of the cases, due to hyperkalemia (14.1%), metabolic acidosis (6.6%) and acute pulmonary oedema in (2.8%). Percutaneous nephrostomy was performed in 77% of cases, bladder catheterization in 21% of cases and double J-stenting in 2% of cases. As to the treatment of bladder tumors, endoscopic trans-urethral bladder resection was the main treatment and was performed in (71%) of cases. Meanwhile, 21% of the patients benefited from a cystoprostatectomy and combined radio-chemotherapy was indicated in 9% of cases. The main histological finding was transitional cell carcinoma (98%). The evolution of renal function was favorable in 87% of cases. CONCLUSION: Acute renal failure is a frequent and severe complication of bladder tumors that can be life-threatening and makes it difficult to treat bladder tumors requiring multidisciplinary management.

Retroperitoneal Schwannoma: Case report.

Schwannoma is a rare benign tumor that comes from the SCHWANN cells that sheath the peripheral nerves. Retroperitoneal location is even rarer than the frequency of this neoplasia. The diagnosis is immuno-histochemical and the treatment is surgical. We report the case of a 36-year-old patient with abdominal pain and transit disorders for 4 months. An abdominal CT scan was found a rounded tissue mass of 10 cm long with well-defined borders. The patient was prepared for surgical removal. Per-operatively, a mass was found in the sub hepatic area, pushing the right kidney backwards. Anatomo-pathological examination was in favor of Schwannoma.

Spontaneous renal forniceal rupture due to a bladder tumor.

Extravasation of urine following rupture of the renal fornix is a rare complication mostly caused by obstruction secondary to distal ureteric stones. We report the case of a rupture of FORNIX secondary to a bladder tumor.

[Giant adrenal myelolipoma]. / Myélolipome surrénalien géant.

Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare, benign, non-secreting tumour composed of adipose and haematopoietic tissue. The authors report a rare case of giant adrenal myelolipoma in a 53-year-old patient presenting with low back pain and a palpable flank mass on examination. CT scan suggested the diagnosis and surgical resection was indicated in view of the size and symptomatic nature of this mass. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The outcome was favourable without recurrence after a follow-up of one year. The diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma is based on radiology. Conservative management is generally sufficient for small asymptomatic tumours, but resection is required for large (> 5 cm) and/or symptomatic tumours.

[Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours of the bladder]. / Les tumeurs myofibroblastiques inflammatoires de la vessie.

The inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the bladder is a rare benign affection that interests mainly young adults. Its etiopathogeny remains unknown, but its tumoral origin was evocated recently by Griffin (1999), incriminating a chromosomic abnormality involving the ALK gene. We will discuss the etiopathogenic, anatopathological and therapeutical aspects of this lesion for which the diagnosis is histological and the treatment remains conservative with a good prognosis.

[Giant condyloma acuminata -- Buschke Lowenstein tumor (report of 3 cases)]. / Le condylome acuminé géant--tumeur de Buschke Lowenstein (à propos de 3 cas).

Buske-Lowenstein tumour (BLT) is a giant condyloma acuminata characterized by a potential for malignant transformation and invasion and recurrence after treatment. It is a rare viral disease, essentially transmitted by sexual intercourse. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical features, classification and prognosis of this disease and to outline the treatment modalities. The authors report 3 unusual cases of Buske-Lowenstein tumour involving the scrotum in 2 cases and associated with malignant transformation in 1 case. All three patients (1 woman and two men) presented a history of high-risk sexual behaviour. BLT was confirmed by biopsy and was treated by complete surgical resection. The postoperative course was uneventful without recurrence. Treatment has not been clearly defined and is essentially based on surgery. Sexual education and early treatment of condylomatous lesions can improve the prognosis of this disease. In the light of these cases, the authors emphasize the importance of prevention for all sexually transmissible infections based on sexual education.

[Stauffer syndrome associated with a giant renal tumor]. / Syndrome de Stauffer associé à une tumeur rénale géante.

The authors report a new case of Stauffer syndrome characterized by cholestatic jaundice in a 54-year-old patient with renal tumour. This paraneoplastic syndrome resolved after nephrectomy. The authors discuss the pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in the light of a review of the literature.

[A rare form of adrenal tuberculosis presenting as an asymptomatic adrenal mass]. / Une forme rare de tuberculose surrénalienne: masse surrénalienne asymptomatique.

The authors report a case of adrenal tuberculosis discovered during staging of a biopsy-confirmed bladder tumour, in a 70-year-old patient consulting for haematuria. Cystoscopy with biopsy revealed a high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma invading the detrusor. Staging abdominopelvic computed tomography revealed a necrotic, multilobed right adrenal mass. Histological examination of the adrenalectomy specimen revealed adrenal tuberculosis. Antituberculous therapy was administered for 9 months and comprised streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide for 2 months, followed by rifampicin and isoniazid for 7 months. In the light of this case and with the increasing incidence of AIDS, the diagnosis of adrenal tuberculosis must be considered in any case of incidentaloma.

[Inflammatory pseudotumors of the kidney. Report of 2 cases]. / Les pseudotumeurs inflammatoires du rein: à propos de 2 cas.

Inflammatory pseudotumours of the kidney are rare and raise a problem of differential diagnosis with renal cancer. The authors discuss the diagnostic difficulties of this disease in the light of two patients, aged 32 years and 60 years, admitted for left low back pain (2 cases), large kidney (1 case) and haematuria (1 case). The combination of renal ultrasound and CT suggested a renal tumour or a renal cyst, and MRI suggested a necrotic tumour. Surgical exploration led to tumour excision in one case and surgical biopsy in the other case due to the unresectable appearance of the tumour. Histological examination revealed an inflammatory mass with no signs of malignancy in the two cases. A favourable course was observed in both cases with a normal kidney on subsequent CT. The preoperative diagnosis of pseudotumour remains difficult, despite progress in medical imaging and often requires surgical exploration. The diagnosis is based on a correlation of radiological and histological findings.