Condições de trabalho e saúde de profissionais da linha de frente na pandemia de covid-19 / Working conditions and health of frontline professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMO Objetivou-se investigar as condições de trabalho e a saúde física e mental de profissionais de saúde atuantes na linha de frente da covid-19 em serviços de urgência, emergência e terapia intensiva no Brasil, no segundo ano da pandemia. Estudo transversal, com uso de questionário eletrônico, por meio do qual coletaram-se dados sobre condições de trabalho, saúde física e mental, além do instrumento Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A amostra (n=209) incluiu enfermeiros (28,7%), técnicos de enfermagem (30,1%), fisioterapeutas (33%) e médicos (8,2%). Os profissionais possuíam idade média de 34,6 anos e relataram uma carga horária média de 53,5 horas/semana. Verificou-se aumento das horas trabalhadas (62%) e da quantidade de pacientes (84%). A maioria relatou bom relacionamento com o chefe (89%) e satisfação com o trabalho (87%). A prevalência de sintomas de estresse, ansiedade e depressão foi superior a 45%, com predomínio de sintomas graves ou extremamente graves. A prevalência de dor musculoesquelética e fadiga foi de 84,7% e 83,3%, respectivamente. Os profissionais de saúde apresentaram aumento de volume de trabalho e de exigência durante a pandemia de covid-19. Observou-se, ainda, intenso prejuízo à saúde física e mental desses trabalhadores.

ABSTRACT The objective was to investigate the working conditions and physical and mental health of health professionals working on the front lines of COVID-19 in urgent, emergency, and intensive care services in Brazil, in the second year of the pandemic. Cross-sectional study, using an electronic questionnaire, through which data on working conditions, and physical and mental health were collected, in addition to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) instrument. The sample (n=209) included nurses (28.7%), nursing technicians (30.1%), physiotherapists (33%), and physicians (8.2%). The professionals had an average age of 34.6 years and reported an average workload of 53.5 hours/week. There was an increase in hours worked (62%) and in the number of patients (84%). Most reported a good relationship with their boss (89%) and job satisfaction (87%). The prevalence of symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression was greater than 45%, with a predominance of severe or extremely severe symptoms. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and fatigue was 84.7% and 83.3%, respectively. Health professionals showed an increase in workload and demand during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was also intense damage to the physical and mental health of these workers.

Efficacy of supervised exercise on sleep of women who survived breast cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To analyze the efficacy of supervised exercise (SE) compared with control protocols on sleep parameters of women who survived breast cancer. METHODS: This systematic review with meta-analysis searched studies using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. The PEDro scale assessed the bias risk, and the study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (no. CRD42023420894). RESULTS: Of 3,566 identified studies, 13 randomized clinical trials involving 847 women diagnosed with breast cancer were included. Interventions consisted of SE in an outpatient setting (62%) or combined protocols with supervised and home exercises. Most interventions (85%) used multicomponent protocols with aerobic and resistance exercises. Usual care and health education were the most reported controls. SE decreased the sleep disturbance score (- 31.61 [95% confidence interval = - 39.40 to - 23.83]) of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire and daytime dysfunction score (- 0.41 [95% confidence interval = - 0.73 to - 0.09]) of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Also, SE presented a tendency to improve the self-reported sleep quality score of the PSQI (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION: SE increased the subjective sleep quality and immobility time and decreased sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction symptoms in women who survived breast cancer. Most SE protocols were multicomponent, with aerobic and resistance exercises ranging from moderate to high intensity. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Supervised exercise may improve sleep quality and reduce symptoms of sleep disorders, contributing to survival outcomes.

Impacts of Sociodemographic Factors, Screening, and Organization of Health Services on Breast Cancer Mortality in Brazil: An Ecological Study of 20 Years.

Background: Breast cancer mortality is increasing in Brazil. This study examines the impact of sociodemographic factors, screening procedures, and primary healthcare (PHC) on breast cancer mortality. Methods: An ecological study analyzed secondary data of women diagnosed with breast cancer who died between 2000 and 2019. Sociodemographic factors, screening procedures, and PHC were examined in relation to breast cancer mortality. Statistical analyses included normality tests, Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests with post hoc comparisons, Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, age-period-cohort analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression analysis. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Mortality rates were higher in the southeast (15.77) and south (15.97) regions compared to the north (5.07) (p < 0.0001). Survival rates were longer in the southeast (70.3 ± 0.05) and south (70.6 ± 0.09) than in the north (63.98 ± 0.053) (p ≤ 0.001). Mortality increased with age after 32 years (p ≤ 0.001). Brown and indigenous women had lower mortality and survival rates. Increased coverage of PHC, ultrasound, and biopsy did not reduce mortality. However, improved cytopathologic analysis led to a decrease in mortality. Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors, screening procedures, and PHC are specific predictors of breast cancer mortality in Brazil.

Perfil funcional de pessoas com dores persistentes na coluna baseado na Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade / Functioning profile of people with persistent back pain based on International Classification of Functioning

Traçar o perfil de funcionalidade de pessoas com dores persistentes na coluna por meio da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Trata-se de um estudo transversal com aplicação do método SCEBS (Somatic, Cognition, Emotion, Behavior and Social), Escala de catastrofização da dor, escala de cinesiofobia e percepção corporal. O discurso dos participantes foi analisado para identificação de conteúdos da CIF. O estudo incluiu 49 participantes com média de 25 anos. A partir do discurso foram identificadas 2.053 citações relacionadas a 108 diferentes categorias da CIF. As categorias mais identificadas foram: segmento vertebral lombar (s76002), funções relacionadas aos aspectos emocionais (b1522 e b152), cuidados da própria saúde (d570) e educação (d838). A catastrofização e cinesiofobia interferiram no perfil de funcionalidade dos participantes. As pessoas com dor persistente na coluna enfrentam prejuízos nas estruturas e funções corporais, limitação nas atividades e participação, fatores ambientais e pessoais.

To outline the functional profiles of individuals with persistent back pain using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). This cross-sectional study employed the Somatic, Cognition, Emotion, Behavior, and Social (SCEBS) method, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Kinesiophobia Scale, and body perception measures. The participants' discourses were analyzed to identify the content related to the ICF. This study included 49 participants with an average age of 25 years. From the discourse analysis, 2,053 citations related to 108 ICF categories were identified. The most frequently identified categories were the lumbar vertebral column (s76002), functions related to emotional aspects (b1522 and b152), self-care (d570), and education (d838). Catastrophizing and kinesiophobia influenced participants' functional profiles. Individuals with persistent back pain experience impairments in body structure and function, limitations in activities and participation, and environmental and personal factors.

Influence of social, demographic, and clinical factors in live births with spinal dysraphism in Brazil: an ecological study of 21 years.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to verify possible associations between sociodemographic and clinical factors in live births with spinal dysraphism. METHODS: An analytical (descriptive and inferential) and ecological study was carried out based on secondary data of 11,308 live births with spinal dysraphism registered in the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) in Brazil from 1999 to 2019. Demographic factors analyzed were age, education, mothers' marital status and geographic region. The clinical factors analyzed were duration, gestation period, birthweight, and number of prenatal visits performed by women who underwent medical follow-up. RESULTS: There was an increase in the number of cases of spinal dysraphism in recent years in Brazil with an annual percentage variation of 3.52%. However, the period from 2005 to 2009 showed a reduction in live births with spinal dysraphism. The regions with the highest incidence were the South and Southeast. The risk increased in mothers born after 1980, older than 30 years and with a high level of education. The risk was increased in live births of whites and blacks, born from double pregnancy and with body weight less than 3000 g. The absence of prenatal care was associated with a higher incidence. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic and clinical factors have specific characteristics that can predict spinal dysraphism in newborns in Brazil.

Mapeamento de Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia para Fisioterapeutas no Brasil / Mapping of Multiprofessional Residency Programs in Oncology for Physiotherapists in Brazil / Mapeo de Programas de Residencia Multiprofesional en Oncología para Fisioterapeutas en el Brasil

Introdução: A fisioterapia oncológica é responsável por reabilitar e restaurar as funções cinético-funcionais do paciente com câncer. Os programas de residência multiprofissional na atenção ao câncer são considerados especializações padrão-ouro. Objetivo: Mapear os programas de residência multiprofissional na atenção ao câncer para fisioterapeutas no Brasil. Método: Estudo exploratório do tipo descritivo. Foram realizadas uma busca manual e a análise de editais disponíveis na Internet de programas de residência multiprofissional ofertados pelo Ministério da Educação em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde para fisioterapeutas com início em 2022. Foi criada uma planilha em Excel com informações sobre: Região e Estado, instituição promotora, título do programa e número de vagas para fisioterapeutas, submetidas à análise descritiva, por meio de frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: Foram encontrados 35 programas de residência multiprofissional na atenção ao câncer, com 84 vagas nacionais disponíveis para fisioterapeutas. O maior número de vagas foi ofertado para cancerologia (67,85%), seguido por cuidados paliativos (11,90%), oncopediatria (8,33%), onco-hematologia (5,95%), oncologia e cuidados paliativos (2,38%), idoso e cuidados paliativos (2,38%), e terapia intensiva oncológica (1,21%). Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo evidenciaram a presença de programas de residência multiprofissional na atenção ao câncer com vagas para fisioterapeutas em todas as Regiões do Brasil, distribuídas, em sua maioria, na Região Sudeste, e, em menor quantidade, nas Regiões Norte, Centro-Oeste e Nordeste do país

Introduction: Oncology physiotherapy is responsible for rehabilitating and restoring the kinetic and functional functions of cancer patients. Multiprofessional residency programs in cancer care are considered gold standard specializations. Objective: To map multidisciplinary residency programs in cancer care with slots for physiotherapists in Brazil. Method: Exploratory, descriptive study. A manual search and analysis of public notices available on the Internet for multiprofessional residency programs offered by the Ministry of Education in partnership with the Ministry of Health with slots for physiotherapists starting in 2022 was performed. An Excel spreadsheet was created with data of Region and State, sponsoring institution, program title and number of slots for physiotherapists and submitted to descriptive analysis, using absolute and relative frequencies. Results: There were 35 multidisciplinary residency programs in cancer care found, with 84 national slots available for physiotherapists. The largest number was offered for cancerology (67.85%), followed by palliative care (11.90%), onco-pediatrician (8.33%), onco-hematology (5.95%), oncology and palliative care (2.38%), older adults and palliative care (2.38%), and oncological intensive care (1.21%). Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that multidisciplinary residency cancer programs exist with slots for physiotherapists in all regions of Brazil, mostly in the Southeast region, and to a lesser extent in the North, Midwest and Northeast regions

Introducción: La fisioterapia oncológica se encarga de rehabilitar y restaurar las funciones cinéticas y funcionales de los pacientes oncológicos. Los programas de residencia multiprofesional en el cuidado del cáncer se consideran especializaciones estándar de oro. Objetivo: Mapear programas de residencia multidisciplinarios en atención del cáncer para fisioterapeutas en el Brasil. Método: Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo. Ha sido realizada una búsqueda y el análisis manual de las convocatorias públicas disponibles en Internet de los programas de residencia multiprofesional que ofrece el Ministerio de Educación en alianza con el Ministerio de Salud para fisioterapeutas con inicio en el año 2022. Se elaboró una planilla Excel con informaciones sobre Región y Estado, institución promotora, título del programa y número de vacantes para fisioterapeutas, sometidas a análisis descriptivo, utilizando frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Se encontraron 35 programas de residencia multidisciplinarios para la atención del cáncer, con 84 vacantes nacionales disponibles para fisioterapeutas. El mayor número de vacantes se ofreció para cancerología (67,85%), seguido por cuidados paliativos (11,90%), oncopediatría (8,33%), oncohematología (5,95%), oncología y cuidados paliativos (2,38%), personas mayores y cuidados paliativos (2,38%), y cuidados intensivos oncológicos (1,21%). Conclusión: Los resultados del presente estudio mostraron la presencia de programas multidisciplinarios de residencia para la atención oncológica con vacantes para fisioterapeutas en todas las regiones de Brasil, mayoritariamente distribuidas en la región Sudeste, y y en menor medida en las regiones Norte, Centro-Oeste y Nordeste del país

Association of Handgrip Strength with Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of general muscular strength and in cancer patients acts as a relevant marker associated with mortality and health. This study aimed to evaluate the association between peripheral muscle function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in breast cancer (BC) survivors. METHODS: Systematic review registered on PROSPERO under number: CRD 42021225206. The searches were carried out on MEDLINE via Pubmed, PEDro, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL via EBSCO and Science Direct databases. Observational studies evaluating the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and HRQoL in adult female BC survivors were included. No linguistic or time restrictions were applied. Two reviewers reviewed full texts for inclusion and performed data extraction and risk of bias using the Newcastle and Ottawa scale (NOS). RESULTS: Five articles were included and involved 587 patients, mean age of 47 to 59 years. The percentage of decreased HGS ranged from 38.3% to 60.3%. HGS was associated with different quality of life measures. From meta-analysis including 220 patients, the correlation coefficient between HGS and HRQoL was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.07-0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer survivors face decline of HGS. In this population HGS was correlated with HRQoL. However, more evidence are necessary.

Impact of sociodemographic factors and screening, diagnosis, and treatment strategies on colorectal cancer mortality in Brazil: A 20-year ecological study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) caused 261,060 deaths in Brazil over a 20-year period, with a tendency to increase over time. This study aimed to verify the sociodemographic factors predicting higher mortality caused by CRC and survival rates. Moreover, we aimed to verify whether the performance of screening, diagnostic and treatment procedures had an impact on mortality. Ecological observational study of mortality due to CRC was conducted in Brazil from 2000-2019. The adjustment variable was age, which was used to calculate the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR). The exposure variables were number of deaths and ASMR. Outcome variables were age-period-cohort, race classification, marital status, geographic region, and screening, diagnostic, and treatment procedures. Age-period-cohort analysis was performed. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc tests were used to assess differences in race classification, marital status, and geographic region. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test for interaction among sociodemographic factors. Survival analysis included Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox regression analysis were performed. Multivariate linear regression was used to test prediction using screening, diagnosis, and treatment procedures. In Brazil, mortality from CRC increased after age 45 years. The highest adjusted mortality rates were found among white individuals and in the South of the country (p < 0.05). Single, married, and widowed northern and northeastern persons had a higher risk of death than legally separated southern persons (p < 0.05). Lower survival rates were observed in brown and legally separated individuals and residents from the North (p < 0.05). An increase in first-line chemotherapy and a decrease in second-line chemotherapy were associated with high mortality in the north (p<0.05). In the south, second-line chemotherapy and abdominoperineal rectal resection were associated with high mortality (p < 0.05). Regional differences in sociodemographic factors and clinical procedures can serve as guidelines for adjusting public health policies.

Barriers to and facilitators of adherence to pelvic floor muscle exercises and vaginal dilator use among gynecologic cancer patients: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: Women with gynecologic cancer may suffer from pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). Before radiotherapy, prehabilitation with pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) and vaginal dilator (VD) might prevent it and foster sexual life. This study aims to explore the experience of gynecologic cancer patients getting external beam radiation treatments regarding barriers to and facilitators of adherence to a prehabilitation program to prevent PFD. METHODS: This qualitative research with thematic content analysis included 11 women with gynecologic cancer and different levels of adherence to PFME and VD. Participants were interviewed based on a semi-structured script. The information was analyzed manually, assisted with Nvivo12® software, and triangulated with open coding. RESULTS: High self-motivation, desire to improve their health, symptoms of improvement, availability of time, the desire to resume sexual life, and the support of the partner were facilitators of adherence. The instructional exercise audio, clarity of the information, and closer communication with the physical therapist were also valued. The main barriers were general malaise secondary to oncological treatments, forgetfulness, lack of time, misinformation, lack of coordination with the treatment team, discomfort with the VD, and a feeling of shame. Feedback from the attending physician was a facilitator when present or a barrier when absent. CONCLUSION: These barriers and facilitators should be considered when designing and implementing preventive programs with PFME and VD. Behavioral counselling should consider the desire to remain sexually active; in such cases, including the partner in the therapeutic process is appraised. Otherwise, the focus should be on benefits for maintenance of pelvic floor function.

Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and associated factors in adult women

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with primary dysmenorrhea in a sample of adult women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with women aged between 19 and 49 years from a city of northeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic, gynecological, and obstetric variables were assessed by questionnaires and interviews. Dysmenorrhea was measured by self-report, and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale measured the intensity of pain. Statistical analyses included χ2 test, ANOVA, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The average age was 33.2±9.1 years and the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 56% for the whole sample. The average duration of symptoms was 2.7±1.8 days and the mean intensity was 6.1±2.6. The previous cesarean section was associated with a higher rate of primary dysmenorrhea (PR=2.33; 95%CI 1.11-4.90) when considering the whole sample. Women who aged 25-39 years and are insufficiently active had higher rates of primary dysmenorrhea (PR=5.24; 95%CI 1.08-27.31). CONCLUSION: Primary dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence in young adults, adults, and middle-aged women. Cesarean section and being physically inactive was associated with increased rates of dysmenorrhea among adult women.

Distribuição espacial de leitos de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal no Brasil e sua associação com a taxa de mortalidade infantil / Spatial distribution of number of Neonatal Intensive Care Units beds in Brazil and its association with child mortality rate

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar a distribuição espacial de leitos de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) e correlacioná-la com a taxa de nascidos vivos e a Taxa de Mortalidade Infantil (TMI) das unidades federativas brasileiras. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, envolvendo as 27 unidades federativas, com dados obtidos de sistemas de informação em saúde e analisados por meio do SPSS 20.0 e GeoDa 1.12. Observou-se heterogeneidade na distribuição espacial da TMI e UTIN, com uma concentração maior de leitos de UTIN não ligados ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) na Região Sudeste e leitos SUS na Região Nordeste. A TMI apresentou correlação espacial negativa com o número de leitos (Moran's I = - 0,323) nos estados de Amazonas e Pará. Concluiu-se que a relação inversa entre número de UTIN disponíveis e taxa de mortalidade limitou-se a dois estados, o que reforça a importância de mais estudos que possam investigar outras causalidades para a mortalidade infantil nas outras unidades federativas.

This study aimed at analyzing the spatial distribution of beds in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and correlating it with Live Birth Rate and Child Mortality Rate (CMR) in the Brazilian states. This is an ecological study involving the 27 Brazilian states, with data obtained from health information systems and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and GeoDa 1.12. There was heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of CMR and NICU, with a higher concentration of NICU beds not belonging to the Unified Health System (SUS) in the Southeast Region and SUS beds in the Northeast Region. CMR showed a negative spatial correlation with the number of beds (Moran's I = - 0.323) in the states of Amazonas and Pará. An inverse relationship between the number of NICUs available and the mortality rate was observed only in two states, which reinforces the importance of further investigating other causes for infant mortality in other states in future studies.

Perineal trauma in nulliparous women and its associated factors / Laceração perineal em nulíparas e seus fatores associados

INTRODUCTION: Perineal trauma is an important complication for women after giving birth. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of perineal trauma and its associated factors in nulliparous. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out, through the analysis of the medical records of women with singleton pregnancy who achieved vaginal birth of a live infant, in 2017, in a maternity hospital. Data collection involved information about demographic, obstetric, and clinical data from nulliparous women, and infant birthweight. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed to verify the association of perineal trauma with the variables assessed, with significant variables remaining in the model (p<0.05), through a stepwise strategy. RESULTS: A total of 326 medical records were analyzed. The percentage of perineal trauma was 60%. In the multivariate analysis, the use of oxytocin increased the chance of perineal trauma by 730%. In addition, the adoption of squatting position and hands and knees decreased the chances of perineal trauma by 81% and 97%, respectively, in comparison with those who adopted the lithotomy position, during the second stage labor. CONCLUSION: The rate of perineal laceration was high, but the severity was low. The use of oxytocin is associated with the presence of trauma and the squatting position and hands and knees, especially, have contributed to the protection of the perineum.

INTRODUÇÃO: Laceração perineal é uma complicação importante para mulheres pós-parto. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de laceração perineal e seus fatores associados em primíparas. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, através da análise dos prontuários de mulheres que pariram no ano de 2017, em uma maternidade da cidade. Durante a coleta de dados foi utilizada uma lista de checagem e um formulário para retirar informações sobre dados obstétricos, sociodemográficos e clínicos das mulheres e o peso do recém-nascido. Em seguida foram formuladas tabelas para determinação da associação entre as variáveis independentes e a presença de laceração. Logo após, foi feita a análise de regressão logística múltipla para identificar as variáveis mais fortemente associadas à laceração perineal. RESULTADOS: Um total de 326 prontuários foram analisados. O percentual de laceração perineal foi de 60%. Na análise multivariada, o uso de oxitocina aumentou a chance de laceração perineal em 730%. Além disso, a posição de cócoras e de quatro apoios diminuíram a chance de laceração perineal em 80% e 97%, respectivamente, em comparação com as mulheres que adotaram a posição de litotomia, durante o segundo período do parto. CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de laceração perineal encontrada foi alta, mas a gravidade foi baixa. O uso de ocitocina está associado com a presença de laceração perineal e a posição de cócoras e de quatro apoios contribuem para a proteção do períneo.

Estratégias de humanização da assistência no ambiente hospitalar: revisão integrativa / Strategies for humanizing assistance in the hospital environment: an integrative review / Estrategias para humanizar la asistencia en el entorno hospitalario: unarevisión integrativa

Introdução:Este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativada literatura referente às estratégias de humanização no ambiente hospitalar. Objetivo:Identificar e analisar a produção de conhecimento acerca das estratégias que as instituições e profissionais de saúde têmimplementado para humanizar a assistência nesse ambiente.Metodologia:O levantamento de artigos foi realizado via Lilacs, MedLine, Portal de Periódicos da Capes e SciELOorientado pela questão norteadora: quais as estratégias de humanização da assistência que têm sido implementadas no ambiente hospitalar? Foram incluídos artigos originais de pesquisa observacional; publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol; sem limites quanto ao ano de publicação.Resultados:No total, 19artigos compuseram o corpo de análise da revisão e sintetiza exemplos de estratégias implementadas em diversos serviços hospitalares:práticas lúdicas no cuidado através de brinquedos, projetos como Biblioteca Viva, terapias através de palhaços e animais,músicas, e a leitura mediada. Conclusões:As estratégiasde humanizaçãoencontradas oferecem subsídios para que profissionais e gestores possam multiplicar tais estratégias de humanização de modo aampliare melhorara sua realidade.Porém, cabe observar que ao criá-lasdeve-se conhecer e respeitar a particularidade das instituições em que está se operando, para que seja possível comparar e avaliar se a utilização resultará em benefícios e eficácia (AU).

Introduction:This article presents an integrative literature review regarding humanization strategies in the hospital environment. Objective:To identify and analyze the production of knowledge about the strategies that institutions and health professionals have implemented to humanize care in this environment.Methodology:The survey of articles was carried out through Lilacs, MedLine, Portal de Periódicos da Capes and SciELO guided by the guiding question: what strategies of humanization of care have been implemented in the hospital environment? Original articles of observational research were included; published in Portuguese, English or Spanish; without limits as to the year of publication.Results:In total, 19 articles comprised the content of the review analysis and summarizes examples of strategies implemented in various hospital services: playful practices in care through toys, projects such as Biblioteca Viva, therapies through clowns and animals, music, and reading mediated.Conclusions:The humanization strategies found offer subsidies so that professionals and managers can multiply such humanization strategies in order to expand and improve their reality. However, it should be noted that when creating them, one must know and respect the particularity of the institutions in which they are operating, so that it is possible to compare and evaluate whether the use will result in benefits and effectiveness (AU).

Introducción:Este artículo presenta una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre estrategias de humanización en el ámbito hospitalario.Objetivo:Identificar yanalizar la producción de conocimiento sobre las estrategias que las instituciones y los profesionales de la salud han implementado para humanizar el cuidado en este entorno.Metodología:La encuesta de artículos se realizó a través de Lilacs, MedLine, Portal de Periódicos da Capes y SciELO guiada por la pregunta orientadora: ¿qué estrategias de humanización del cuidado se han implementado en el ámbito hospitalario? Se incluyeron artículos originales de investigación observacional; publicado en portugués, inglés o español; sin límites en cuanto al año de publicación.Resultados:En total, 19 artículos cubren el contenido del análisis de la revisión y sintetizan ejemplos de estrategias implementadas en diferentes servicios hospitalarios: prácticas lúdicas enel cuidado a través de juguetes, proyectos como Biblioteca Viva, terapias a través de payasos y animales, música y lectura mediado.Conclusiones:Las estrategias de humanización encontradas ofrecen subvenciones para que los profesionales y directivos puedan multiplicar dichas estrategias de humanización con el fin de ampliar y mejorar su realidad. Sin embargo, cabe señalar que al crearlos se debe conocer y respetar la particularidad de las instituciones en las que se encuentran operando, de manera que sea posible comparar y evaluar si el uso redundará en beneficios y efectividad (AU).

Relationship between symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse and respiratory muscle strength in middle-aged and older women in Northeast Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

Some respiratory muscles work in synergy with the pelvic floor (PF). Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is characterized by weak PF muscles and has been associated with worse pulmonary ventilation function in women. To date no studies have investigated the association between respiratory muscle strength and POP. This study aimed to determine whether symptomatic POP is associated with respiratory muscle strength in middle-aged and older women. In this observational cross-sectional study, 204 community-dwelling women (41-80 years old) from Santa Cruz (Northeastern Brazil) provided information on socioeconomic characteristics, health behavior, reproductive history and symptomatic POP via a structured questionnaire. A digital manometer was used to measure their maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP). Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for covariates (age, income, education, body mass index, and smoking), evaluated the association between POP and MIP/MEP. The results show that 14.7% of the sample reported symptomatic POP. These women exhibited lower mean MIP and MEP than those reporting no POP, but the intergroup difference was only significant for MEP (p = .01). The association between POP and MEP remained statistically significant, even after covariates (ß = 11.9, p = .04) were adjusted. Symptomatic POP is associated with expiratory muscle strength in middle-aged and older women. This innovative research provides important information regarding the need to evaluate the integrity of PF muscles when assessing respiratory muscle strength, which may help clinicians devise preventive and treatment strategies to improve women's health during the aging process.

Participação do companheiro da gestante nas consultas de pré-natal: prevalência e fatores associados / Participación del compañero de la embarazada en las consultas prenatales: prevalencia y factores asociados / Participation of the pregnant woman´s partner in pre-natal consultations: prevalence and associated factors

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e fatores associados à participação do companheiro da gestante no pré-natal. Método: estudo transversal realizado entre março e julho de 2018 por meio de entrevista com 655 puérperas de uma regional do Nordeste brasileiro. Estimou-se associações com uso do Qui-quadrado e Razão de Prevalência. Resultados: dentre mulheres com companheiro e que realizaram pré-natal (85,6%; n= 561), a participação do parceiro foi de (44,2%; n=248), sendo maior entre aquelas que planejaram a gravidez (RP: 1,25; IC 95%: 1,07-2,10), desejaram engravidar (RP: 1,22; IC 95%: 1,01-1,98), iniciaram precocemente o acompanhamento (RP: 1,31; IC 95%: 1,01-2,46) e realizaram seis ou mais consultas (RP: 1,49; IC 95%: 1,32-1,81). Houve menor participação entre mulheres com baixa escolaridade (RP: 0,72; IC 95%: 0,39-0,77) e que utilizaram serviço público (RP: 0,65; IC 95%: 0,24-0,85). Conclusão: a baixa prevalência de participação do companheiro da gestante no pré-natal evidencia a necessidade de maior estímulo à sua inclusão neste processo.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la participación del acompañante de la gestante en el prenatal. Método: estudio transversal realizado entre marzo y julio de 2018 mediante una entrevista con 655 puérperas de un hospital regional del Nordeste de Brasil. Las asociaciones se estimaron mediante la Chi-cuadrado y la Razón de Prevalencia. Resultados: entre las mujeres con pareja que tuvieron control prenatal (85,6%; n= 561), la participación de la pareja fue (44,2%; n=248), siendo mayor entre las que planificaron el embarazo (PR: 1,25; IC 95%: 1,07-2,10), deseaban quedarse embarazadas (PR: 1,22; IC 95%: 1,01-1,98), iniciaron precozmente un seguimiento (PR: 1,31; IC 95%: 1,01-2,46) y tenían seis o más consultas (PR: 1,49; IC 95%: 1,32-1,81). La participación fue menor entre las mujeres con bajo nivel educativo (RP: 0,72; IC 95%: 0,39-0,77) y que utilizaron los servicios públicos (RP: 0,65; IC 95%: 0,24-0,85). Conclusión: la baja prevalencia de participación del acompañante de la gestante en el prenatal evidencia la necesidad de un mayor estímulo a su inclusión en este proceso.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with the participation of the pregnant woman's partner in prenatal care. Method: cross-sectional study conducted between March and July 2018 by interviewing 655 puerperal from a regional office in Northeastern Brazil. Associations were estimated using Chi-square and Prevalence Ratio. Results: Among women with a partner who had prenatal care (85.6%; n= 561), the partner's participation was (44.2%; n=248), being higher among those who planned pregnancy (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.07-2.10), desired to become pregnant (PR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01-1.98), initiated early follow-up (PR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.01-2.46), and had six or more consultations (PR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.32-1.81). There was lower participation among women with low education (PR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.39-0.77) and who used public services (PR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.24-0.85). Conclusion: the low prevalence of the pregnant woman's companion participation in prenatal care highlights the need to further encourage their inclusion in this process.

Construction and validation of a logical model for specialized Rehabilitation Centers / Construção e validação de modelo lógico para Centros Especializados em Reabilitação

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To build and validate a logical model for health care in Specialized Rehabilitation Centers (CER) by analyzing the work process and organizational issues of centers in Rio Grande do Norte. METHODS This is a methodological study developed in three stages: 1) documentary research of legislation and ordinances concerning the healthcare service and the Disability Care Network (RCPD); 2) focus groups with a Census study of the CER in Rio Grande do Norte to understand and assess the daily activities of the service; and 3) systematization of the information collected and, finally, proposition and validation of the evaluative logical model. RESULTS The model encompassed five central categories of the work and organizational process: "demands", "resources" (inputs, financial and workforce), "processes", "products and results" and "mission, values and external factors". CONCLUSION The logical model built was suitable for graphical representation of the work process and organizational issues of the SRC. The study showed that the functioning of the services is in line with the regulations. However, there are still organizational gaps that need to be addressed to improve the resolution capacity of the service and the articulation with other points of the network.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Construir e validar um modelo lógico para a atenção nos Centros Especializados em Reabilitação (CER) a partir da análise do processo de trabalho e de questões organizativas de centros do Rio Grande do Norte. MÉTODOS Estudo metodológico desenvolvido em três etapas: 1) estudo documental de legislações e portarias relacionadas ao serviço de saúde e à Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência (RCPD); 2) realização de grupos focais, com estudo censitário dos CER do Rio Grande do Norte, para compreender e avaliar o cotidiano do serviço; e 3) sistematização das informações coletadas e, por fim, proposição e validação do modelo lógico avaliativo. RESULTADOS O modelo englobou cinco categorias centrais do processo de trabalho e organizacional: "demandas", "recursos" (insumos, financeiros e força de trabalho), "processos", "produtos e resultados" e "missão, valores e fatores externos". CONCLUSÃO O modelo lógico construído foi adequado para representação gráfica do processo de trabalho e questões organizativas dos CER. Evidenciou-se que o funcionamento dos serviços está alinhado com as normativas. Contudo, ainda há lacunas organizacionais que precisam ser abordadas a fim de melhorar a resolutividade do serviço e a articulação com outros pontos da rede.

Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in university students: prevalence and association with social determinants / Qualidade do sono e sonolência diurna em estudantes universitários: prevalência e associação com determinantes sociais

Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the Sleep/Wake Cycle (SWC) of university students can have consequences on physical, mental and social health. In addition, some behaviors adopted at this stage may be associated with SWC impairment. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to identify which factors of social determinants of health (SDH) are associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 298 university students, aged between 18 and 35 years; 73.2% of the students were females and from the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected from the following questionnaires: Health and Sleep, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. To assess the association of SDH with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, Poisson Regression with robust variance was performed. Result: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness among the university students was 79.2% and 51.3%, respectively. Between the intermediate determinants of health, a higher prevalence rate of poor sleep quality was observed in students who reported health problems in the previous month (18.4%), smoked (23.5%), drank stimulating beverages close to bedtime (25.8%) and those who used electronic devices before bedtime during the week (18.4%) when compared to those who did not have these behaviors. Regarding excessive daytime sleepiness, students who justified bedtime during the week and wake-up time at the weekend because of the academic demand showed, respectively, 27% and 34% lower prevalence of EDS than the group that did not have these behaviors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS observed among university students was associated to biological factors and most of them, behavioral factors.

Resumo: Introdução: As alterações no ciclo sono/vigília (CSV) dos jovens universitários podem acarretar consequências na saúde física, psíquica e social. Além disso, alguns comportamentos adotados nessa fase podem estar associados a comprometimento do CSV. Objetivo: Portanto, este estudo tem por objetivo identificar quais fatores dos determinantes sociais da saúde (DSS) estão associados à má qualidade do sono e à sonolência diurna excessiva (SDE) de universitários. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que incluiu 298 universitários, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, 73,2% dos estudantes do sexo feminino do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos seguintes questionários: A Saúde e o Sono, Questionário de Cronotipo de Munique, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. Para avaliar a associação dos DSS com a má qualidade de sono e a SDE, realizou-se a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultado: A prevalência da má qualidade do sono e de SDE nos universitários foi de 79,2% e 51,3%, respectivamente. Entre os determinantes intermediários da saúde, observou-se maior razão de prevalência de má qualidade de sono nos estudantes que apresentaram problema de saúde no último mês (18,4%), fumavam (23,5%) e faziam uso de bebidas estimulantes próximo ao horário de dormir (25,8%), e naqueles que usavam eletrônicos antes do horário de dormir durante a semana (18,4%), quando comparados aos que não adotam esses comportamentos. Com relação à SDE, os estudantes que justificaram o horário de dormir na semana e de acordar no fim de semana por causa da demanda acadêmica apresentaram 27% e 34%, respectivamente, de menor prevalência de SDE do que o grupo que não adota esses comportamentos. Conclusão: As altas prevalências de má qualidade do sono e de SDE observadas nos universitários foram decorrentes de fatores biológicos e, em sua maioria, de fatores comportamentais.

Diagnóstico situacional dos Centros Especializados em Reabilitação (CER) e Oficinas Ortopédicas: Projeto CER-Brasil / Situational diagnosis of Specialized Centers in Rehabilitation and Orthopedic Manufacturings: CERBrasil Project

A atenção a pessoa com deficiência no Brasil vem ganhando destaque nos últimos anos, com a criação da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência, bem como com iniciativas ministeriais para avaliação da situação atual da rede e dos serviços específicos em reabilitação. Nesse sentido, pretende-se por meio dessa comunicação breve, apresentar projeto de pesquisa nacional de avaliação da atenção especializada em reabilitação. O projeto intitulado CER-Brasil objetiva realizar o diagnóstico situacional dos Centros Especializados em Reabilitação (CER) e Oficinas Ortopédicas. Trata-se de um estudo multicêntrico com a articulação nacional de pesquisadores das cinco regiões federativas brasileiras. Através de uma abordagem plurimetodológica, o projeto está sendo realizado em diferentes etapas, que incluem método Delphi, pesquisa documental, avaliação de serviços de saúde, e entrevista com gestores, profissionais e pacientes ligados aos CER em diferentes regiões do território Brasileiro

In Brazil, the attention to people with disabilities has increasing in recent years, with the creation of the Care Network for People with Disabilities, as well as with ministerial initiatives to assess the current situation of the network and specific services in rehabilitation. In this sense, it is intended, through this brief communication, to present the CERBrasil project that aims to carry out the situational diagnosis of Specialized Centers in Rehabilitation (SCR) and orthopaedics manufacturings. The CER-Brasil project is a multicenter study with the national articulation of researchers from the five Brazilian federal regions. Through a multi-methodological approach, the project is being carried out in different stages, which include the Delphi method, documentary research, evaluation of health services, and interviews with managers, professionals and patients linked to SCR in different regions of the Brazilian territory

Virtual screening and assessment of anticancer potential of selenium-based compounds against HL-60 and MCF7 cells.

Aim: Selenium-based compounds have antitumor potential. We used a ligand-based virtual screening analysis to identify selenoglycolicamides with potential antitumor activity. Results & Conclusion: Compounds 3, 6, 7 and 8 were selected for in vitro cytotoxicity tests against various cell lines, according to spectrophotometry results. Compound 3 presented the best cytotoxicity results against a promyelocytic leukemia line (HL-60) and was able to induce cell death at a frequency similar to that observed for doxorubicin. The docking study showed that compound 3 has good interaction energies with the targets caspase-3, 7 and 8, which are components of the apoptotic pathway. These results suggested that selenium has significant pharmacological potential for the selective targeting of tumor cells, inducing molecular and cellular events that culminate in tumor cell death.

Sleep quality is associated with Disability and Quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a cross-sectional pilot study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the sleep quality and its association with disability, fatigue and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional pilot study developed with breast cancer survivors. The data collection instruments consisted of general and clinical information on the disease and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F); and Disabilities of the arm and Shoulder (DASH). Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation tests, tests for means comparison and linear regression were performed. Cohen's d analysed the effect size. The significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: 71,9% of women had poor sleep quality. Subjective poor sleep quality was a predictor of worse scores for fatigue (p = 0.007), quality of life by FACT-G (p = 0.010) and FACIT-F (p = 0.004), the functional performance of upper limbs (p = 0.001) and disability (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer survivors with subjective poor sleep quality had more fatigue, less upper limb-related functional performance, more disability and worse quality of life.