Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 12 de 12
Filtrar
1.
Infection ; 51(5): 1541-1548, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37462896

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We assessed the prevalence of S. stercoralis in a cohort of inpatients with invasive bacterial infections of enteric origin to investigate whether the parasite may facilitate these bacterial infections even in the absence of larval hyperproliferation. METHODS: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in a hospital in northern Italy. Subjects admitted due to invasive bacterial infection of enteric origin and potential previous exposure to S. stercoralis were systematically enrolled over a period of 10 months. S. stercoralis infection was investigated with an in-house PCR on a single stool sample and with at least one serological method (in-house IFAT and/or ELISA Bordier). Univariate, bi-variate and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Strongyloidiasis was diagnosed in 14/57 patients (24.6%; 95% confidence interval 14.1-37.8%) of which 10 were Italians (10/49, 20.4%) and 4 were migrants (4/8, 50.0%). Stool PCR was performed in 43/57 patients (75.4%) and no positive results were obtained. Strongyloidiasis was found to be significantly associated (p ≤ 0.05) with male gender, long international travels to areas at higher endemicity, deep extra-intestinal infectious localization and solid tumors. In the logistic regression model, increased risk remained for the variables deep extra-intestinal infectious localization and oncologic malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest a new role of chronic strongyloidiasis in favoring invasive bacterial infections of enteric origin even in the absence of evident larval dissemination outside the intestinal lumen. Further well-designed studies should be conducted to confirm our results, and possibly establish the underlying mechanisms.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Strongyloides stercoralis , Estrongiloidíase , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Estrongiloidíase/complicações , Estrongiloidíase/epidemiologia , Estrongiloidíase/diagnóstico , Estudos Transversais , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Estudos Prospectivos , Fezes/parasitologia
2.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 9(11)2021 Nov 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34835220

RESUMO

Saprochaete capitata is an arthroconidial yeast, found principally in the environment, even if it belongs also to the normal microbial flora that colonize human subjects. This yeast is increasingly associated with invasive infections in hematological patients, in particular in those affected by acute leukemia. An important risk factor that predisposes to this infection is the profound neutropenia present in such immunocompromised patients. Saprochaete spp. were found resistant to both echinocandins and fluconazole so the treatment is often difficult. Here, we report two cases of sepsis in two patients with acute leukemia. All of them had fatal events, due to the worsening of their clinical condition. An early diagnosis and appropriate management of these pathogens is important in consideration of the poor prognosis associated to these fungal invasive infections.

3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34574450

RESUMO

Different preventive public health measures were adopted globally to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2, such as hand hygiene and the use of masks, travel restrictions, social distance actions such as the closure of schools and workplaces, case and contact tracing, quarantine and lockdown. These measures, in particular physical distancing and the use of masks, might have contributed to containing the spread of other respiratory viruses that occurs principally by contact and droplet routes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different respiratory viruses (influenza viruses A and B, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3 and 4, rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and human coronaviruses) after one year of the pandemic. Furthermore, another aim was to evaluate the possible impact of these non-pharmaceutical measures on the circulation of seasonal respiratory viruses. This single center study was conducted between January 2017-February 2020 (pre-pandemic period) and March 2020-May 2021 (pandemic period). All adults >18 years with respiratory symptoms and tested for respiratory pathogens were included in the study. Nucleic acid detection of all respiratory viruses was performed by multiplex real time PCR. Our results show that the test positivity for influenza A and B, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human coronaviruses decreased with statistical significance during the pandemic. Contrary to this, for adenovirus the decrease was not statistically significant. Conversely, a statistically significant increase was detected for rhinovirus. Coinfections between different respiratory viruses were observed during the pre-pandemic period, while the only coinfection detected during pandemic was between SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus. To understand how the preventive strategies against SARS-CoV-2 might alter the transmission dynamics and epidemic patterns of respiratory viruses is fundamental to guide future preventive recommendations.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Coinfecção , Infecções Respiratórias , Vírus , Adulto , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2
4.
Microbiol Spectr ; 9(1): e0030021, 2021 09 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34319131

RESUMO

The object of this study was to investigate the frequency of human adenovirus (HAdV) infections in hospitalized pediatric patients. Stool samples were collected during a 1-year period (February 2018 to January 2019). HAdV was detected by a broad-range PCR and genotyped by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Demographic characteristics and detailed clinical information were analyzed for each patient. HAdV was detected in 7.1% of stool samples (34/476). Among these patients, 23.5% were coinfected with other enteric viral or bacterial pathogens. The majority (85.2%) of HAdV positives were detected in children of <5 years of age. Two HAdV species (B and C) with three types were identified in this study population. HAdV species F was not detected. Genetic analysis shows that the isolates circulating in our region present high diversity and do not exhibit clonal expansion. The presence of nonenteric HAdV in subjects with gastrointestinal symptoms and in immunocompromised patients has already been reported by different studies and underlines the need to develop routine molecular assays that have wide reactivity for most types of adenovirus in order to obtain an optimal tool for their rapid and accurate diagnosis. IMPORTANCE Gastroenteritis is the second leading cause of death among infants and children worldwide. Our study shows that adenovirus types other than 40 and 41 might be related to acute gastroenteritis. Therefore, a novel approach using diagnostic methods able to detect all adenovirus types is desirable in order to overcome the limitations of the current techniques.


Assuntos
Infecções por Adenovirus Humanos/virologia , Adenovírus Humanos/isolamento & purificação , Gastroenterite/virologia , Infecções por Adenovirus Humanos/terapia , Adenovírus Humanos/classificação , Adenovírus Humanos/genética , Adenovírus Humanos/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Criança Hospitalizada/estatística & dados numéricos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Gastroenterite/terapia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Filogenia
5.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 7(4)2019 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31744133

RESUMO

We report the first case, to our knowledge, in Italy, of a severe combined immunodeficiency patient with a persistent rotavirus infection due to a vaccine derived strain. Rotavirus was detected by enzyme immunoassays and RT-PCR in stool specimens for five months. The persistent infection was resolved after complete immune reconstitution achieved by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This case underlines the importance of neonatal SCID_screening.

6.
APMIS ; 127(4): 196-201, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30815926

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to assess the role of cytology, human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA and human papilloma virus messenger RNA (HPV mRNA) assays in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CNi 2+) (recurrences/persistence) during the follow-up of women after treatment of cervical intraepithelial lesion. This cross-sectional study was performed among 43 women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) between January 2014 and January 2017 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Spedali Civili's Hospital, Brescia, Italy. Pap smear and cervical samples for HPV tests were collected during the follow-up visit. Furthermore, colposcopy was always performed in order to find out the persistence/recurrence of the disease. A cervical biopsy was collected when necessary. Cervical samples obtained were tested for HPV DNA using the INNO-LiPa HPV assay and for HPV mRNA using the APTIMA assay. The mean age of enrolled women was 42.5 years. Among the treated patients, more than 50% of women revealed the absence of high risk HPV DNA and HPV mRNA. We found the persistence of the disease cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2) only in one woman. The sensitivity of cytology, HPV DNA and HPV mRNA in detecting disease was satisfactory (100%), while the specificity was quite different for the three tests: 64.2, 52.4 and 78.9%, respectively. The HPV mRNA test has higher specificity with respect to cytology and HPV DNA, avoiding the referral to unnecessary colposcopy with an improvement of costs/benefits for healthcare system. However, given the small size sample, this study should be considered as a pilot for future larger studies.


Assuntos
Técnicas Citológicas/métodos , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , DNA Viral/análise , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Itália , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Viral/análise , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto Jovem
7.
Infect Genet Evol ; 60: 35-41, 2018 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29438743

RESUMO

Enteric viral infections are a major concern for public health, and viral acute gastroenteritis is the principal cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide, mostly in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of different enteric viruses detected in a pediatric population with acute gastroenteritis symptoms, and to characterize the strains detected. Stools were collected from children, aged from 2 months to 15 years old, admitted to one of the main hospitals of Northern Italy, between November 2015 and October 2016. Stools were tested for nine enteric viruses (adenovirus, rotavirus A, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, enterovirus, parechovirus, bocavirus and aichivirus) by molecular methods. Furthermore, rotavirus, norovirus and adenovirus were deeply characterized by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 151 out of 510 (29.6%) stools analyzed resulted positive for at least one of the enteric virus investigated. The most common virus detected was rotavirus A (53/151, 35.1%), followed by norovirus (39/151, 25.8%), adenovirus (35/151, 23.1%), sapovirus (9/151, 6%), enterovirus (5/151, 3.3%), astrovirus (5/151, 3.3%), parechovirus (4/151, 2.6%) and bocavirus (1/151, 0.6%). Aichi virus was not detected in any sample. Co-infections were detected in 12 out of 510 faecal samples (2.3%). These data improved the knowledge of the enteric viruses circulating in children in Northern Italy. In fact, besides rotavirus, adenovirus and norovirus, several viruses circulated across the whole year in the pediatric population object of this study. The introduction of specific viral diagnosis in our clinical setting will improve patient care by reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics addressing the right etiologic diagnosis.


Assuntos
Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Gastroenterite/virologia , Viroses/epidemiologia , Viroses/virologia , Adenoviridae/classificação , Adenoviridae/genética , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fezes/virologia , Feminino , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Humanos , Lactente , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Norovirus/classificação , Norovirus/genética , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rotavirus/classificação , Rotavirus/genética
8.
Blood ; 127(26): 3382-6, 2016 06 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27207797

RESUMO

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) is a primary immunodeficiency due to adaptor protein-3 (AP-3) complex deficiency. HPS2 patients present neutropenia, partial albinism, and impaired lysosomal vesicles formation in hematopoietic cells. Given the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the immune response, we studied monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in two HPS2 siblings. Mature HPS2 moDCs showed impaired expression of CD83 and DC-lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP), low levels of MIP1-ß/CCL4, MIG/CXCL9, and severe defect of interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion. DCs in lymph-node biopsies from the same patients showed a diffuse cytoplasm reactivity in a large fraction of DC-LAMP(+) cells, instead of the classical dot-like stain. In addition, analysis of pDC-related functions of blood-circulating mononuclear cells revealed reduced interferon-α secretion in response to herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), whereas granzyme-B induction upon IL-3/IL-10 stimulation was normal. Finally, T-cell costimulatory activity, as measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction assay, was lower in patients, suggesting that function and maturation of DCs is abnormal in patients with HPS2.


Assuntos
Complexo 3 de Proteínas Adaptadoras/deficiência , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Síndrome de Hermanski-Pudlak/imunologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Complexo 3 de Proteínas Adaptadoras/imunologia , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/imunologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/genética , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/imunologia , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/patologia , Feminino , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/genética , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/imunologia , Granzimas/genética , Granzimas/imunologia , Síndrome de Hermanski-Pudlak/genética , Síndrome de Hermanski-Pudlak/patologia , Herpesvirus Humano 1/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/genética , Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/imunologia , Monócitos/patologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/patologia , Antígeno CD83
10.
Intervirology ; 53(6): 417-25, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20606464

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine both human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and type distribution in cervical specimens of women with cytological abnormalities and to establish the association with high-grade lesions and cervical neoplasia in order to estimate the impact of an HPV vaccine in this region. METHODS: Four hundred and ninety-three cervical specimens obtained from women undergoing routine cervical screening by liquid-based Pap smear were analyzed by Roche linear array HPV genotyping to identify HPV genotypes. RESULTS: HPV 16 was the genotype detected most frequently, followed by HPV 31, 33 and 52. Multiple infections were frequent (58.5%), but decreased with the increase of cervical severity. We found multiple infections composed by only LR types in 4 women: 3 had a histological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 and 1 a diagnosis of cervical cancer. HPV 16 alone was present in 24.6% of CIN 3 lesions and 40% of neoplasia. However, in our region, there are an additional 28% of cases of carcinoma in situ and 40% of cases of invasive cancer due to different HPV types that should be considered for eventual inclusion in second-generation HPV vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the importance of assessing individual types in the management and prediction of outcome of women with abnormal baseline cytology and may contribute to determine the potential efficacy of an HPV vaccine in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Carcinoma/epidemiologia , Carcinoma/virologia , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/patologia , Colo do Útero/patologia , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teste de Papanicolaou , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Polimorfismo Genético , Prevalência , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Esfregaço Vaginal
11.
New Microbiol ; 33(2): 167-70, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20518279

RESUMO

Molecular analyses of mip and ompA genes were performed on 20 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates. The genes were present with a high degree of conservation in all strains. Sera from patients with urethritis or disseminated gonococcal infections were able to recognize the purified Neisseria gonorrhoeae macrophage infectivity potentiator (Ng-MIP) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae outer membrane protein A (Ng-OmpA).


Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas de Bactérias , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/patogenicidade , Fatores de Virulência , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/química , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/imunologia , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Gonorreia/imunologia , Gonorreia/microbiologia , Humanos , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/genética , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/imunologia , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Uretrite/imunologia , Uretrite/microbiologia , Fatores de Virulência/química , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Fatores de Virulência/imunologia , Fatores de Virulência/metabolismo
12.
Br J Haematol ; 120(2): 337-43, 2003 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12542496

RESUMO

We investigated the effects of human immunodeficiency type-1 virus (HIV-1) matrix protein p17 on freshly isolated and purified human natural killer (NK) cells. HIV-1 p17 increased the cytokines interleukin (IL) 2, IL-12 and IL-15, and induced natural killer cell proliferation, but not cytotoxicity. This effect was specific because it was abrogated by anti-p17 monoclonal antibody. Moreover, HIV-1 p17 enhanced the cytokine-induced production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma by NK cells. IL-4 downregulated IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha secretion in IL-2- and IL-15-treated NK cells. HIV-1 p17 restored the ability of NK cells to produce both cytokines when added to the cultures simultaneously with IL-4. The property of p17 to increase the production of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma might be a mechanism used by HIV-1 to modulate the immune system to support its replication and spreading.


Assuntos
Citocinas/metabolismo , Produtos do Gene gag/farmacologia , Antígenos HIV/farmacologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/farmacologia , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Produtos do Gene gag/imunologia , Antígenos HIV/imunologia , Humanos , Interferon gama/biossíntese , Interleucina-12/metabolismo , Interleucina-12/farmacologia , Interleucina-15/metabolismo , Interleucina-15/farmacologia , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Interleucina-2/farmacologia , Interleucina-4/farmacologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Estimulação Química , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossíntese , Produtos do Gene gag do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA