Evaluation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Batter's Shoulder.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the incidence of batter's shoulder, the relevant biomechanics that predispose the lead shoulder to a posterior instability event, the evaluation and workup of posterior labral injury, the surgical technique for arthroscopic posterior labral repair, the postoperative rehabilitation process, and the clinical outcomes and return to sport after treatment of batter's shoulder. RECENT FINDINGS: New epidemiological studies have demonstrated the relatively low incidence of batter's shoulder at the professional baseball level with 85% of the injured players successfully returning to the sport with nonoperative management. However, recent studies have reinforced the limited historical literature that players requiring surgery are able to return to their prior sport at a high level. Batter's shoulder is a subtype of posterior glenohumeral instability caused by the significant forces experienced by the lead shoulder during the baseball swing. Although an uncommon injury, batter's shoulder is a source of significant time away from competition. In patients who do not improve with nonoperative management, arthroscopic posterior labral repair can reliably return players to sport. Future research studies should consider opportunities for injury prevention.