Mortality and COVID Infection: Predictors of Mortality 10 Months after Discharge.

BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and the factors associated with poorer survival months after infection are not well understood. The aims of the present study were to analyze the overall mortality 10 months after admission. METHODS: 762 patients with COVID-19 disease were included. Patients underwent a complete clinical evaluation, routine laboratory analysis and chest X-ray. Data collected included demographic and clinical data, such as vascular risk factors, tobacco or alcohol use, comorbidity, and institutionalization. RESULTS: Ten-month mortality was 25.6%: 108 deaths occurred in-hospital, while 87 patients died after discharge. In-hospital mortality was independently related to NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 4.67 (2.38-9.20)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.21 (1.86-7.31)] and age older than 71 years [OR = 1.93 (1.05-3.54)]. NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 5.00 (3.06-8.19)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.51 (1.97-6.27)], cognitive impairment [OR = 1.96 (1.30-2.95), cancer [OR = 2.23 (1.36-3.68), and leukocytes > 6330/mm3 [OR = 1.64 (1.08-2.50)], were independently associated with long-term mortality. CONCLUSIONS: the risk of death remains high even months after COVID-19 infection. Overall mortality of COVID-19 patients during 10 months after hospital discharge is nearly as high as that observed during hospital admission. Comorbidities such as cancer or cognitive impairment, organ dysfunction and inflammatory reaction are independent prognostic markers of long-term mortality.

Certolizumab pegol effectiveness, survival and safety in patients with psoriasis: A multicenter retrospective analysis in daily clinical practice by the Spanish Psoriasis Group.

BACKGROUND: Certolizumab is an Fc-free PEGylated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, although there is limited real-world evidence on the effectiveness and safety in patients with plaque psoriasis treated with certolizumab. The objective of this article is to determine the effectiveness, drug survival, and safety, including pregnancy, childbirth, and lactation, of certolizumab in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis under real-world conditions. METHODS: This is a retrospective, multicenter, observational study performed in 15 hospitals in Spain. It evaluates the effectiveness and safety of certolizumab in plaque psoriasis in the clinical practice setting. RESULTS: A total of 67 patients (73% female) were evaluated with a mean baseline Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) of 8.9. At Week 12, the mean PASI was 2.3 (n = 67), 1.3 (n = 57) at Week 24 and 1.3 at Week 52 (n = 34). Absolute PASI < 3 was achieved in 69, 86, and 92% of patients at Weeks 12, 24, and 52, respectively, as observed. For its part, using the under-response imputation analysis, PASI < 3 at Weeks 12, 24, and 52 were achieved by 69, 73, and 49% of the patients, respectively. A total of 35 patients (52%) had concomitant psoriatic arthritis, and, in 24 of them, Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis Score (DAPSA) was recorded at baseline, with a mean value of 17.9 which decreased to 8.2 at Week 12 (n = 22) and to 3.6 at Week 24 (n = 18). Certolizumab treatment was discontinued in 14 out of 67 patients (21%), due to lack/loss of cutaneous or articular effectiveness (n = 11) or patient decision (n = 2) or adverse event in only one patient who developed active tuberculosis. A lower baseline PASI [hazard ratio (HR): 1.12 (1.02-1.23); P = 0.023] and a more significant reduction in PASI at Week 12 [HR: 1.16 (1.07-1.27); P < 0.001] and Week 52 [HR: 1.47 (1.11-1.96); P = 0.007] was shown to be significantly related with better survival for the entire follow-up period. Fourteen patients were treated during pregnancy and/or lactation without reporting adverse events in either the patient or the newborn. CONCLUSIONS: Certolizumab consistently showed high effectiveness and drug survival rates in this real-life cohort. The safety demonstrated in clinical trials during pregnancy and lactation seems to be confirmed in clinical practice.

Klotho Levels and Their Relationship with Inflammation and Survival among Alcoholic Patients.

α-Klotho (Klotho) is an antiaging hormone with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Some studies suggest that Klotho increases in response to enhanced oxidative damage and inflammation. Alcoholism is a proinflammatory condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between Klotho and the serum levels of the inflammatory markers in alcoholic liver disease and to assess its prognostic value. We included 184 alcoholics and 35 age- and sex-matched controls. We determined the serum levels of Klotho, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and malondialdehyde (MDA), and routine laboratory variables. Patients were followed-up with during 16 ± 18 months; 67 patients died. Klotho levels were higher among cirrhotics (with KW = 37.00 and p < 0.001) and were related to the Child−Pugh score (with KW = 15.96 and p < 0.001) and to the TNF-α (ρ = 0.28; p < 0.001) and MDA (ρ = 0.21; p = 0.006). The child's groups were associated with mortality, both in the univariate (with the log-rank = 13.56, p = 0.001, Breslow = 12.33, and p = 0.002) and multivariate (with ß = 0.43, p = 0.02, and OR = 1.53 (1.07−2.15)) analyses, also introducing Klotho and the TNF-α as dichotomic variables. However, the independent prognostic value of the Child's groups was displaced by Klotho when only cirrhotics were considered; Klotho, over the median (574.4 pg/mL), was associated with higher mortality (with p = 0.04 and OR = 2.68 (1.06−6.84)). We conclude that Klotho is increased in liver cirrhosis. It is directly related to TNF-α, MDA, and to mortality in cirrhotics.

Voces de la primera infancia durante el confinamiento español por la covid-19 / Early childhood voices during the Spanish confinement by COVID-19 / Vozes da primeira infância durante o confinamento espanhol por Covid -19

Resumen (analítico) Se analiza cómo la situación creada por la covid-19, el confinamiento y la suspensión de la docencia presencial, afectó al alumnado de educación infantil. Se presenta un estudio de caso de un aula de 16 niños y niñas de tres años. A través de asambleas virtuales que combinaron conversaciones con la elaboración de dibujos se recoge su voz, mostrando en el análisis sus preferencias en la vida cotidiana durante el confinamiento y su estado emocional, los aprendizajes que dicen haber adquirido, así como los deseos de futuro ante la vuelta a su rutina diaria. Los resultados, no solo muestran la capacidad de adaptación infantil, sino también cómo llegan a identificar aspectos positivos derivados del confinamiento que inferimos como demandas de la infancia ante la vuelta a su vida diaria.

Abstract (analytical) It analyzes how the situation created by COVID-19 the confinement and the face-to-face teaching suspension affected the Early Childhood Education pupils. A case study of a classroom of 16 three-yearold boys and girls is presented. Through virtual assemblies that combine conversations with the elaboration of drawings, their voice is collected, showing in the analysis their preferences in daily life during the confinement and their emotional state are presented, the learning that they say they have acquired during this period, as well as their wishes for the future to return to their daily routine. The results not only show the child's ability to adapt themselves.

Resumo (analítico) Analisa-se como a situação criada pelo Covid-19, o confinamento e a suspensão do ensino presencial afetaram os alunos da Educação Infantil. Um estudo de caso de uma sala de aula de 16 meninos e meninas de três anos de idade é apresentado. Por meio de montagens virtuais que combinam conversas com a elaboração de desenhos, sua voz é coletada, mostrando na análise das informações são apresentadas suas preferências no cotidiano durante o confinamento e seu estado emocional, os aprendizados que dizem ter adquirido nesse período, bem como seus desejos para o futuro antes de retornar à rotina diária. Os resultados mostram não apenas a adaptabilidade infantil, mas também como passam a identificar aspectos positivos decorrentes do confinamento que inferimos como as demandas da infância no retorno ao cotidiano.

Incidence of cancer and mortality among heavy alcoholics.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cancer risk is increased in alcoholics. Heavy ethanol consumption is also associated with other potentially lethal conditions such as cirrhosis, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia or malnutrition, that increase mortality. The aim of the present study is to analyze the impact on mortality of new cancer development in a cohort of heavy alcoholics. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty nine heavy alcoholics (about 200 g ethanol/daily during more than 15 years), initially admitted for organic problems to our service (reference hospital) were prospectively followed up for a maximum period of 120 months (median = 26, interquartile range = 12-60 months), either as outpatients or during successive admissions. Clinical and laboratory evaluation including incidence of new cancer and drinking habits were recorded at each appointment, as well as mortality. RESULTS: During the study period 57 patients developed cancer and 151 died. Only 75 did not relapse in alcohol drinking. Mortality was related to deranged liver function, relapse of alcohol drinking, and malnutrition, whereas age, the development of new cancer, or the presence of diabetes, dyslipidemia or hypertension did not influence on mortality, especially in cirrhotics and among those who did not quit drinking. Cancer was related to mortality only among non-cirrhotics, together with ethanol abstention and age. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy drinking is associated with high mortality among alcoholic patients admitted to the hospital. If a patient is already cirrhotic or if there is drinking relapse, the development of a new cancer, the concurrent presence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or advanced age have no impact on survival. Mortality is only related to deranged liver function, relapse of alcohol drinking, and malnutrition.

Prognostic Value of Serum Iron, Ferritin, and Transferrin in Chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease.

Ethanol increases iron absorption. Therefore, increased amount of iron reaches the liver, and exerts pro-oxidant effects and stimulates ferritin synthesis and hepatic stellate cell activation, promoting fibrosis and inflammation. These mechanisms would theoretically support a role of ferritin as a marker of the transition to liver cirrhosis, and, consequently, as a prognostic factor, but there is controversy regarding its behavior in alcoholics. We analyzed among 238 severe alcoholics the prognostic value of iron, ferritin, transferrin, transferrin saturation index (TSI) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and the relationships of these variables with liver function, proinflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α), and the presence of cirrhosis. Patients showed higher serum ferritin (Z = 2.50, p = 0.031) but lower transferrin (t(264) = 4.81, p < 0.001), TIBC (t(262) = 4.44, p < 0.001), and iron (Z = 3.19, p = 0.001) values compared with 32 age- and sex-matched controls. Ferritin was related to inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 (ρ = 0.18, p = 0.012) and to IL-6 (ρ = 0.16, p = 0.016), but not to liver function. On the contrary, cirrhotics showed lower transferrin (t(234) = 4.77, p < 0.001) and TIBC (t(232) = 4.67, p < 0.001), but higher TSI (Z = 3.35, p < 0.001) than non-cirrhotics. Transferrin, TSI, and TIBC were related to liver function impairment (marked differences among the Child's groups regarding transferrin (KW (2) = 22.83, p < 0.001), TSI (KW (2) = 15.81, p < 0.001), and TIBC (KW (2) = 21.38, p < 0.001) but only weakly to inflammation (inverse relationships between IL-6 and total iron (ρ = - 0.16, p = 0.017), TIBC (ρ = - 0.20, p = 0.002), and transferrin (ρ = - 0.20, p = 0.003). In accordance, albumin, IL-6, alcohol quitting, and TSI, in this order, were independently related to mortality, but not ferritin or iron.

[Cutaneous metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma: a case report]. / Metástasis cutánea de adenocarcinoma de próstata: reporte de un caso.

Cutaneous metastases are very rare events and are related to a distant tumor invasion. Prostate metastases have a 1% appearance rate; the most common locations include the genital or suprapubic region and are very rarely located at a distance. We report the case of a male patient with cutaneous metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma located in the cervical and upper thoracic area. The patient also had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A CT scan revealed the presence of bone metastasis, pleural effusion, and infiltration of the soft tissues of the neck. The histopathological study confirmed the presence of cutaneous metastasis of primary prostate neoplasia. We present this case due to its unusualness and its importance in the differential diagnosis of this pathology.

Las metástasis cutáneas son eventos muy infrecuentes que corresponden a una invasión tumoral a distancia. Las metástasis de próstata tienen un orden de aparición de 1%; las localizaciones más comunes incluyen la región genital o suprapúbica y muy raramente se ubican a distancia. Reportamos el caso de un paciente varón con metástasis cutánea de adenocarcinoma de próstata de localización cervical y torácica superior, el cual presentaba además antecedente de tuberculosis pulmonar. La tomografía reveló la presencia de metástasis ósea, derrame pleural e infiltración de tejidos blandos del cuello. El estudio histopatológico confirmó la presencia de metástasis cutánea de neoplasia de próstata primaria. Presentamos el caso debido a su presentación inusual y por su importancia en el diagnóstico diferencial de esta patología.

Metástasis cutánea de adenocarcinoma de próstata: reporte de un caso / Cutaneous metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma: a case report

RESUMEN Las metástasis cutáneas son eventos muy infrecuentes que corresponden a una invasión tumoral a distancia. Las metástasis de próstata tienen un orden de aparición de 1%; las localizaciones más comunes incluyen la región genital o suprapúbica y muy raramente se ubican a distancia. Reportamos el caso de un paciente varón con metástasis cutánea de adenocarcinoma de próstata de localización cervical y torácica superior, el cual presentaba además antecedente de tuberculosis pulmonar. La tomografía reveló la presencia de metástasis ósea, derrame pleural e infiltración de tejidos blandos del cuello. El estudio histopatológico confirmó la presencia de metástasis cutánea de neoplasia de próstata primaria. Presentamos el caso debido a su presentación inusual y por su importancia en el diagnóstico diferencial de esta patología.

ABSTRACT Cutaneous metastases are very rare events and are related to a distant tumor invasion. Prostate metastases have a 1% appearance rate; the most common locations include the genital or suprapubic region and are very rarely located at a distance. We report the case of a male patient with cutaneous metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma located in the cervical and upper thoracic area. The patient also had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A CT scan revealed the presence of bone metastasis, pleural effusion, and infiltration of the soft tissues of the neck. The histopathological study confirmed the presence of cutaneous metastasis of primary prostate neoplasia. We present this case due to its unusualness and its importance in the differential diagnosis of this pathology.

Tricoepitelioma múltiple familiar: a propósito de un caso / Familial multiple trichoepithelioma: a case report

El Tricoepitelioma Múltiple Familiar (TMF) constituye una rara enfermedad autosómica dominante, se caracteriza por la aparición de múltiples pápulas color piel, monomorfas, simétricas, ubicadas en la región central de la cara. El diagnóstico es histopatológico, donde se encuentran tricoepiteliomas, los cuales son neoplasias anexiales benignas que se originan en los folículos pilosos. La condición es de comportamiento indolente, pero con una importante repercusión estética y de difícil manejo. Al ser esta una entidad poco frecuente, el objetivo de este artículo es actualizar los aspectos más relevantes de esta enfermedad. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 23 años con lesiones faciales típicas en quien se confirmó el diagnostico de TMF

Familial Multiple Trichoepithelioma (FMT) is a rare autosomal dominant disease, characte-rized by the appearance of multiple papules of skin color, monomorphic, symmetrical and located in the central region of the face. The diagnosis is based on histopathological features of trichoepitheliomas, which are benign adnexal neoplasms that originate in the hair follicles. The condition has an indolent behavior but it has an important aesthetic repercussion and it's difficult to treat. As this is a rare entity, the objective of this article is to update the most relevant aspects of this disease. We present the case of a 23 year old patient with typical facial lesions in whom the diagnosis of FMT was confirmed.

Validación de inmunoensayos en fase sólida / Validation of solid phase immunoassays / Validação de imunoensaios em fase solida

La determinación del nivel de anticuerpos por medio de ensayos ELISA exige construir una curva de calibración según el modelo logístico de 4 parámetros (4PL); no obstante, es común que el bioquímico realice estimaciones y ajuste los datos de calibración con modelos alternativos. Se buscó determinar para un ensayo ELISA semicuantitativo el modelo que mejor ajusta los datos de calibración y cuál de los modelos alternativos explorados genera menor error relativo porcentual (ERP) al predecir las concentraciones de los calibradores. Para esto se empleó un ELISA indirecto y se ajustaron las densidades ópticas (DO) de los calibradores según los modelos i) exponencial ii) Boltzmann iii) Boltzmann semi log iv) Deming v) regresión lineal vi) 4PL vii) cuadrático. Se encontró que el mejor ajuste lo proveen los modelos v) (R2=0,9914), i) (R2=0,9652) y iii) (R2=0,9650). Sin embargo, los modelos i) y iii) tienen mejor desempeño en el procedimiento de ajuste inverso: el ERP se mantuvo ≤20% en el rango cubierto por los 6 calibradores (0-100 UI/mL). Los modelos lineales iv) y v) presentaron ERP elevados en el rango testeado. En resumen, el ajuste exponencial i) y el ajuste de Boltzmann iii), combinan valores de R2 y ERP comparables al modelo 4PL, por lo cual es inapropiado cualquier tipo de ajuste lineal.

Determination of the levels of specific antibodies by semiquantitative ELISAs requires the construction of a 4 parameter logistic regression (4PL) calibration curve. However, alternative models are often employed to adjust and estimate calibration data. The aims of this work were to determine the model that best adjusts calibration data, and which alternative model generates a lower relative percentage error (RPE) in the prediction of calibrator concentrations. An IgA anti-gliadin ELISA was used. The optical density values (OD) of calibrators were adjusted with the following mathematical models: i) Exponential, ii) Boltzmann, iii) Boltzmann semilog, iv) Deming, v) Linear regression, vi) 4PL, and vii) Quadratic. Results indicated that the best adjustment is given by models v) (R2=0.9914), i) (R2=0.9652) and iii) (R2=0.9650). However, models i) and iii) performed better in the reciprocal adjustment procedure: RPE values were ≤20% for all the calibrator levels analyzed (0-100 IU/mL). The linear models iv) and v) had high RPE values. To sum up, the exponential (i) and Boltzmann (iii) adjustments present R2 and RPE values similar to those of the 4PL, the use of any linear adjustment being inappropriate.

A determinação do nível de anticorpos por meio de ELISA requer a construção de uma curva de calibração de acordo com o modelo logístico de 4 parâmetros (4PL); no entanto, é comum o bioquímico fazer estimativas e ajustar os dados de calibração com modelos alternativos. Procurou-se determinar para um ensaio ELISA de modelo semiquantitativo o modelo que melhor se ajusta os dados de calibração e qual dos modelos alternativos explorados gera menor erro relativo percentual (ERP) ao prever as concentrações dos calibradores. Para isso, um ELISA indireto foi utilizado e se ajustaram as densidades ópticas (DO) dos calibradores segundo os modelos i) exponencial ii) Boltzmann iii) Boltzmann semi log iv) Deming v) regressão lineal iv) 4PL vii) quadrático. Verificou-se que o melhor ajuste é fornecido pelos modelos v) (R2= 0,9914), vi) (R2= 0,9652) e iii) (R2= 0,9650). No entanto, os modelos i) e iii) têm melhor desempenho no procedimento de ajuste inverso: o ERP permaneceu ≤20% na faixa coberta pelos 6 calibradores (0-100 UI/mL). Os modelos lineares iv) e v) apresentaram alto ERP na faixa testada. Em resumo, o ajuste exponencial i) e o ajuste de Boltzmann iii) combinam valores de R2 e ERP comparáveis ao modelo de 4PL, sendo inadequado qualquer tipo de ajuste linear.

Renal damage induced by the pesticide methyl parathion in male Wistar rats.

Little information is apparently available regarding the nephrotoxic effects induced by pesticides. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of low doses of methyl parathion (MP) on the structure and function of the kidney of male Wistar rats. A corn oil (vehicle) was administered to control rats, whereas treated rats received MP at 0.56 mg/kg orally (1/25 of LD50), every third day, for 8 weeks. At the end of each week following MP exposure, creatinine and glucose levels were measured in plasma, while glucose, inorganic phosphate, total proteins, albumin, and activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) were determined in urine. Kidney histological study was also performed. Compared with control rats, MP significantly increased plasma glucose and creatinine levels accompanied by decreased urinary flow rate and elevated urinary excretion rates of glucose, phosphate, and albumin. Further, the activity of GGT in urine was increased significantly. The proximal cells exhibited cytoplasmic vacuolization, positive periodic acid Schiff inclusions, and brush border edge loss after 2 or 4 weeks following MP treatment. Finally, renal cortex samples were obtained at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of MP treatment, and the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were measured. The mRNA expression levels of BAX and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also determined (RT-PCR). MP significantly decreased renal GSH levels, increased GPx activity, as well as downregulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α and BAX. Densitometry analysis showed a significant reduction in TNF-α and BAX mRNA expression levels at 2 and 4 weeks following MP treatment. Low doses of MP produced structural and functional damage to the proximal tubules of male rat kidney.

Transparent Low Electrostatic Charge Films Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Polypropylene. Homopolymer Cast Films.

Use of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in external layers (A-layers) of ABA-trilayer polypropylene films was investigated, with the purpose of determining intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could lead to antistatic behavior of transparent films. The incorporation of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 wt % of MWCTNs in the A-layers was done by dilution through the masterbatch method. Masterbatches were fabricated using isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with different melt flow indexes 2.5, 34, and 1200 g/10 min, and using different ultrasound assist methods. It was found that films containing MWCNTs show surface electrical resistivity of 1012 and 1016 Ω/sq, regardless of the iPP melt flow index (MFI) and masterbatch fabrication method. However, electrostatic charge was found to depend upon the iPP MFI, the ultrasound assist method and MWCNT concentration. A percolation electron transport mechanism was determined most likely responsible for this behavior. Optical properties for films containing MWCNTs do not show significant differences compared to the reference film at MWCNT concentrations below 0.1 wt %. However, an enhancement in brightness was observed, and it was attributed to ordered iPP molecules wrapping the MWCNTs. Bright transparent films with low electrostatic charge were obtained even for MWCNTs concentrations as low as 0.01 wt %.

[Resection of intracardiac myxoma. Case report]. / Resección de mixoma intracardiaco. Reporte de caso.

Myxomas are the most common benign cardiac tumors, which are considered emergency surgery. The resection should not be delayed because 8-9% of affected patients may die due to intracardiac blood flow obstruction. We presente a clinical case of a 47 year old female, history of dyslipidemia. Disease starts with retrosternal oppression feeling, dyspnea on moderate exercise, dizziness, pain in joints hands. Arrhytmic heart sounds, diastolic mitral murmur II/IV, breth sounds present, no lymph. Laboratory: hemoglobin 11.0, leucocyte 9000, glucose 96 mg/dL, chest RX medium arch prominence cardiac silhouette. ECO transthoracic LVEF 60 %, with left atrial intracardiac tumor 13x11 cm, pedicle fixed the interatrial septum, the mitral valve bulges, with mild mitral valve. Half sternotomy is performed intracardiac tumor resection, pericardial placement interatrial with extracorporeal circulation support 65', aortic clamping time of 40'. Intracardiac tumor surgical findings interatrial septum fixed to left side, pedicle, rounded, yellow, multiloculated, soft, 13x10 cm in diameter. Histopathological diagnosis cardiac myxoma. We conclude that the tumor resection was carried in a timely manner with satisfactory evolution.

Los mixomas son los tumores cardiacos benignos más frecuentes. Se consideran urgencias quirúrgicas. La resección no debe ser demorada ya que el 8-10% de los pacientes afectados pueden morir debido a la obstrucción intracardiaca del flujo sanguíneo. Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer de 47 años, con antecedente de dislipidemia. Inicia padecimiento con sensación de opresión retroesternal, disnea de medianos esfuerzos, mareo, dolor en articulaciones de manos. Ruidos cardiacos arrítmicos, soplo mitral diastólico II/IV, ruidos respiratorios presentes, no ganglios. Laboratoriales: HB 11.0, leuc 9000, glucosa 96 mg/dL. Rx de tórax con prominencia de arco medio en silueta cardiaca. ECO TT: FEVI 60% con tumoración intracardiaca en aurícula izquierda: 13x11 cm, fijo y pediculado al septum interatrial, protruye a la válvula mitral, válvula mitral con insuficiencia leve, PSP 30 mm Hg. Se realiza esternotomía media, resección de tumor intracardiaco, colocación de parche de pericardio interatrial, con apoyo de circulación extracorpórea tiempo de DCP de 65 minutos, pinzamiento aórtico 40 minutos, hallazgos transoperatorio: tumor intracardiaco fijo a septum interatrial lado izquierdo pediculado, redondeado, amarillo, multiloculado blando, 13x10 cm de diámetro. Diagnostico histopatológico: mixoma cardiaco. Se concluye que la resección del tumor se llevó a cabo en tiempo y forma con evolución satisfactoria.

Telangiectasia macular eruptiva perstans: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans: case report and literature review

La Telangiectasia Macular Eruptiva Perstans (TMEP), forma infrecuente de mastocitosis cutánea consiste en la proliferación anormal de mastocitos en dermis papilar sin participación de otros órganos. Afecta mayormente a adultos, con algunos informes en niños. Típicamente, las lesiones de TMEP son máculas eritematosas con finas telangiectasias, distribuidas principalmente en tronco y extremidades superiores con un patrón simétrico, puede presentar afectación sistémica o asociarse con neoplasias linfoproliferativas. Se presentan dos casos de TMEP en una mujer de 32 años cuyo inicio coincidió con su primera gestación y el de una mujer de 55 años, ambas sin síntomas sistémicos, se discute la presentación clínica, histopatología y tratamiento.

Macular telangiectasia eruptiva perstans (TMEP), an uncommon form of cutaneous mastocytosis, consists in the abnormal proliferation of mast cells in the papillary dermis without the participation of other organs. It affects almost exclusively adults, with some reports in children. Typically, TMEP lesions are erythematous macules with fine telangiectasias, distributed mainly in the trunk and upper limbs with a symmetrical pattern, may present systemic involvement or be associated with lymphoproliferative neoplasms. We present two cases of TMEP in a 32-year-old woman whose onset coincided with her first pregnancy and that of a 55-yearold woman, both without systemic symptoms, whose clinical presentation, histopathology and treatment are discussed.

Is Subdural Peritoneal Shunt Placement an Effective Tool for the Management of Recurrent/Chronic Subdural Hematoma?

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE : To describe a surgical technique and to report using a retrospective study the efficacy of peritoneal shunts for the treatment of recurrent/chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). We describe the considerations, complications, and outcomes related to this technique. METHODS : In a retrospective cohort study, 125 charts with a diagnosis of subacute/chronic subdural hematoma were assigned for evaluation. Of the charts reviewed, 18 charts were found from subjects with a diagnosis of recurrent sub-acute or chronic subdural hematoma. All patients had undergone initial surgical treatment of their condition followed by peritoneal shunt placement to help alleviate intracranial pressure. Factors including the age, size of subdural hematoma, number of previous events, BMI, complications, survival, and clinical course were analyzed. RESULTS : After subdural peritoneal shunt placement all patients had full neurological recovery with no complaints of headaches, lethargy, weakness, confusion or seizures. None of the cases had new subdural hematoma episodes after placement for a minimum of a two-year period (mean 26.1 months) (range 24.3-48.6 months). No postoperative complications were reported. The rates of postoperative hemorrhage, infection, distal catheter revision, and perioperative seizures was found to be zero percent. Shunt drainage was successful in all cases, draining 85% of the blood in the first 48 hours. There was no significant relationship between complications and the use of anticoagulants four weeks after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal shunts, though rarely used, are a viable option in the treatment of sub-acute/chronic subdural hematomas. When pursuing this treatment, this technique is recommended to mitigate the risks of repeat surgical intervention and lessen perioperative time in high-risk patients.

Glycosylation-dependent binding of galectin-8 to activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) promotes its surface segregation on breast cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) can interact with galectin-8 (Gal-8) in endothelial cells. ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that promotes homophilic and heterophilic cell-cell interactions. Gal-8 is a "tandem-repeat"-type galectin, known as a matricellular protein involved in cell adhesion. Here, we analyzed the physical interaction between both molecules in breast cancer cells and the functional relevance of this phenomenon. METHODS: We performed binding assays by surface plasmon resonance to study the interaction between Gal-8 and the recombinant glycosylated ALCAM ectodomain or endogenous ALCAM from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We also analyzed the binding of ALCAM-silenced or control breast cancer cells to immobilized Gal-8 by SPR. In internalization assays, we evaluated the influence of Gal-8 on ALCAM surface localization. RESULTS: We showed that recombinant glycosylated ALCAM and endogenous ALCAM from breast carcinoma cells physically interacted with Gal-8 in a glycosylation-dependent fashion displaying a differential behavior compared to non-glycosylated ALCAM. Moreover, ALCAM-silenced breast cancer cells exhibited reduced binding to Gal-8 relative to control cells. Importantly, exogenously added Gal-8 provoked ALCAM segregation, probably trapping this adhesion molecule at the surface of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that Gal-8 interacts with ALCAM at the surface of breast cancer cells through glycosylation-dependent mechanisms. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: A novel heterophilic interaction between ALCAM and Gal-8 is demonstrated here, suggesting its physiologic relevance in the biology of breast cancer cells.

Plasmocitoma extramedular primario colorrectal / Primary extramedullary colorectal plasmacytoma

Aim: To present a patient with an uncommon primary extramedullary plasmocytoma in the colon. Case report: We report a case of a 64 year old female with wasting syndrome and low-gastrointestinal bleeding. Histology described colon and rectum with plasma cell infiltration in the muscle layer. The immunohistochemistry showed CD45 (+) and lambda (+). Infiltration of bone marrow and other places with a thoraco-abdominal-pelvic scan, blood tests, bone survey and bone marrow biopsy was discarded. Surgical management was performed by laparoscopic low anterior resection with end colostomy. Conclusion: Primary plasmacytoma of colon is a rare clinical entity that is a challenge for the pathologist and surgeon, but early diagnosis contributes to early handling.

Objetivo: Presentar un caso de esta poco frecuente patología en el colon. Caso clínico: Se reporta el caso de una paciente mujer de 64 años con síndrome consuntivo y sangrado digestivo bajo. La anatomía patológica describe colon y recto con infiltración de células plasmáticas en la capa muscular. La inmunohistoquímica demostró CD45 (+) y lambda (+). Se descartó la infiltración de médula ósea y otros lugares con una tomografía abdomino-pélvica, análisis de sangre, radiografía de cráneo y biopsia de médula ósea. El manejo quirúrgico se realizó mediante resección anterior baja laparoscópica con colostomía terminal. Conclusión: El plasmocitoma primario de colon es una entidad clínica rara que constituye un reto para el patólogo y cirujano, pero su diagnóstico oportuno contribuye a un manejo temprano.