Comparison of proximal and distal laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy for complete duplex kidneys in children.

OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy of proximal and distal laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy (UU) for complete duplex kidneys in children. METHODS: Patients who underwent laparoscopic UU for complete duplex kidneys between December 2016 and July 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. 71 patients who had normal lower pole moiety without vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) were recruited. All of them underwent ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), renal scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance urography preoperatively. Proximal laparoscopic UU was performed in 35 patients and distal laparoscopic UU in 36 patients. Double J stents were placed in normal lower pole moieties. Clinical data, including general information, diagnosis, surgical management, imaging characteristics, clinical symptoms and postoperative complications (classified according to the modified Clavien-Dindo classification), and length of stay were recorded. Measurement date comparisons between groups were performed by t test, counting date were analyzed by chi-square test. RESULTS: The study consisted of 71 patients (56 females and 15 males) with complete duplex kidneys (41 in left kidney and 30 in right kidney). The patients' mean age was 34 m (range 3-161 m) and follow-up ranged from 25 to 81 m. No significant difference was found in age and follow-up time between the two groups. Laparoscopic UU was performed in all patients successfully. The operation time of the two groups was 108.42 ± 26.95 min for distal UU vs 121.46 ± 35.15 min for proximal UU(p = 0.14). No significant difference in postoperative complications was seen between the two groups (22.2% vs 31.4%, p = 0.345). However, in terms of the grading of postoperative complications, the proximal UU group had a higher grade (3 of them had a grade of IV) and more serious complications. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of complications between distal and proximal UU. Compared with proximal laparoscopic UU, distal laparoscopic UU is easier to perform with less injury to the peripheral tissues. Postoperative complications of proximal UU are more serious and more difficult to manage. We recommend complete duplex kidney ureteral reconstruction with distal UU.

Metabolic self-feeding in HBV-associated hepatocarcinoma centered on feedback between circulation lipids and the cellular MAPK/mTOR axis.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is widely recognized as a "metabolic virus" that disrupts hepatic metabolic homeostasis, rendering it one of the foremost risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Except for antiviral therapy, the fundamental principles underlying HBV- and HBV+ HCC have remained unchanged, limiting HCC treatment options. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aim to identify the distinctive metabolic profile of HBV-associated HCC, with the promise of identifying novel metabolic targets that confer survival advantages and ultimately impede cancer progression. METHODS: We employed a comprehensive methodology to evaluate metabolic alterations systematically. Initially, we analyzed transcriptomic and proteomic data obtained from a public database, subsequently validating these findings within our test cohort at both the proteomic and transcriptomic levels. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of tissue metabolomics profiles, lipidomics, and the activity of the MAPK and AKT signaling pathway to corroborate the abovementioned changes. RESULTS: Our multi-omics approach revealed distinct metabolic dysfunctions associated with HBV-associated HCC. Specifically, we observed upregulated steroid hormone biosynthesis, primary bile acid metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism in HBV-associated HCC patients' serum. Notably, metabolites involved in primary bile acid and sphingolipids can activate the MAPK/mTOR pathway. Tissue metabolomics and lipidomics analyses further validated the serum metabolic alterations, particularly alterations in lipid composition and accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the pivotal role of HBV in HCC metabolism, elucidating the activation of a unique MAPK/mTOR signaling axis by primary bile acids and sphingolipids. Moreover, the hyperactive MAPK/mTOR signaling axis transduction leads to significant reprogramming in lipid metabolism within HCC cells, further triggering the activation of the MAPK/mTOR pathway in turn, thereby establishing a self-feeding circle driven by primary bile acids and sphingolipids.

Development and validation of nomograms for predicting prognosis in patients with solitary HCC: A TRIPOD-Compliant study.

Objective: To develop and validate nomograms for predicting the OS and CSS of patients with Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Using the TRIPOD guidelines, this study identified 5206 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 registry database. All patients were randomly divided in a ratio of 7:3 into a training cohort (n = 3646) and a validation cohort (n = 1560), and the Chinese independent cohort (n = 307) constituted the external validation group. The prognosis-related risk factors were selected using univariate Cox regression analysis, and the independent prognostic factors of OS and CSS were identified using the Lasso-Cox regression model. The nomograms for predicting the OS and CSS of the patients were constructed based on the identified prognostic factors. Their prediction ability was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curve in both the training and validation cohorts. Results: We identified factors that predict OS and CSS and constructed two nomograms based on the data. The ROC analysis, C-index analysis, and calibration analysis indicated that the two nomograms performed well over the 1, 3, and 5-year OS and CSS periods in both the training and validation cohorts. Additionally, these results were confirmed in the external validation group. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the two nomograms were clinically valuable and superior to the TNM stage system. Conclusion: We established and validated nomograms to predict 1,3, and 5-year OS and CSS in solitary HCC patients, and our results may also be helpful for clinical decision-making.

Oxygen-Independent Radiodynamic Therapy: Radiation-Boosted Chemodynamics for Reprogramming the Tumor Immune Environment and Enhancing Antitumor Immune Response.

Radiodynamic therapy (RDT) has emerged as a promising modality for cancer treatment, offering notable advantages such as deep tissue penetration and radiocatalytic generation of oxygen free radicals. However, the oxygen-dependent nature of RDT imposes limitations on its efficacy in hypoxic conditions, particularly in modulating and eliminating radioresistant immune suppression cells. A novel approach involving the creation of a "super" tetrahedron polyoxometalate (POM) cluster, Fe12-POM, has been developed for radiation boosted chemodynamic catalysis to enable oxygen-independent RDT in hypoxic conditions. This nanoscale cluster comprises four P2W15 units functioning as energy antennas, while the Fe3 core serves as an electron receptor and catalytic center. Under X-ray radiation, a metal-to-metal charge transfer phenomenon occurs between P2W15 and the Fe3 core, resulting in the valence transition of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and a remarkable 139-fold increase in hydroxyl radical generation compared to Fe12-POM alone. The rapid generation of hydroxyl radicals, in combination with PD-1 therapy, induces a reprogramming of the immune environment within tumors. This reprogramming is characterized by upregulation of CD80/86, downregulation of CD163 and FAP, as well as the release of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. Consequently, the occurrence of abscopal effects is facilitated, leading to significant regression of both local and distant tumors in mice. The development of oxygen-independent RDT represents a promising approach to address cancer recurrence and improve treatment outcomes.

Interferon-γ in the tumor microenvironment promotes the expression of B7H4 in colorectal cancer cells, thereby inhibiting cytotoxic T cells.

The bioactivity of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is not well understood in the current immunotherapy era. We found that IFN-γ has an immunosuppressive effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The tumor volume in immunocompetent mice was significantly increased after subcutaneous implantation of murine CRC cells followed by IFN-γ stimulation, and RNA sequencing showed high expression of B7 homologous protein 4 (B7H4) in these tumors. B7H4 promotes CRC cell growth by inhibiting the release of granzyme B (GzmB) from CD8+ T cells and accelerating apoptosis in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), which binds to the B7H4 promoter, is positively associated with IFN-γ stimulation-induced expression of B7H4. The clinical outcome of patients with CRC was negatively related to the high expression of B7H4 in cancer cells or low expression of CD8 in the microenvironment. Therefore, B7H4 is a biomarker of poor prognosis in CRC patients, and interference with the IFN-γ/IRF1/B7H4 axis might be a novel immunotherapeutic method to restore the cytotoxic killing of CRC cells.

Comparative analysis of the clinical features of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation among Tibetan, Han, and Hui patients in Qinghai Province, China.

BACKGROUND: Global nonvalvular AF rises, impacting health severely. In Qinghai, China's diverse setting, studying AF among varied ethnic groups is crucial OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compares cardiac features in AF among Tibetan, Han, and Hui patients to develop tailored prevention and treatment strategies for this region, the goal was to enhance the understanding of AF and provide an empirical basis for developing prevention and treatment strategies specific to this region METHODS: This study included a total of 3445 Tibetan, Han, and Hui patients diagnosed with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and treated at the Qinghai Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Specialist Hospital, China, between January 2019 and January 2021. We analyzed the differences in cardiac structure, comorbidities, and other influencing factors among the different ethnic groups RESULTS: We found significant differences in gender, age, smoking history, lone atrial fibrillation, left heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, and diabetes between Tibetan, Han, and Hui patients (P < 0.05). Tibetan, Han, and Hui patients also differed with regard to left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, NT-proBNP, glycated hemoglobin, red blood cell distribution width, platelet count, platelet hematocrit, platelet distribution width, homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: Our study revealed variations in comorbidities, cardiac structure, and blood indexes among Tibetan, Han, and Hui AF patients, highlighting distinct patterns in complications and biomarker levels across ethnic groups.

Micro-power negative pressure wound technique reduces risk of incision infection following loop ileostomy closure.

BACKGROUND: Prophylactic loop ileostomy is an effective way to reduce the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage following radical resection of rectal cancer. Incisional surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication after ileostomy closure. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the micro-power negative pressure wound technique (MPNPWT) in preventing incisional SSI. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at a single center. A total of 101 consecutive patients who underwent ileostomy closure after rectal cancer surgery with a prophylactic ileostomy were enrolled from January 2019 to December 2021. Patients were randomly allocated into an MPNPWT group and a control group. The MPNPWT group underwent intermittent suturing of the surgical incision with 2-0 Prolene and was covered with a micro-power negative pressure dressing. The surgical outcomes were compared between the MPNPWT (n = 50) and control (n = 51) groups. Risk factors for incisional SSI were identified using logistic regression. RESULTS: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the MPNPWT (n = 50) and control groups (n = 51). The incisional SSI rate was significantly higher in the control group than in the MPNPWT group (15.7% vs 2.0%, P = 0.031). However, MPNPWT did not affect other surgical outcomes, including intra-abdominal complications, operative time, and blood loss. Postoperative hospital stay length and hospitalization costs did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.069 and 0.843, respectively). None of the patients experienced adverse effects of MPNPWT, including skin allergy, dermatitis, and pain. MPNPWT also helped heal the infected incision. Our study indicated that MPNPWT was an independent protective factor [odds ratio (OR) = 0.005, P = 0.025)] and diabetes was a risk factor (OR = 26.575, P= 0.029) for incisional SSI. CONCLUSION: MPNPWT is an effective and safe way to prevent incisional SSI after loop ileostomy closure.

Long-term re-intervention after USgHIFU and prediction of NPVR in different ages of patients with uterine fibroids.

OBJECTIVE: Long-term re-intervention after ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) ablation was reported, and the prediction of non-perfusion volume ratio (NPVR) in differently aged patients with uterine fibroids (UFs) was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with UFs who underwent USgHIFU ablation from January 2012 to December 2019 were enrolled and divided into < 40-year-old and ≥ 40-year-old groups. Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of re-intervention rate, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the correlation between NPVR and re-intervention rate. RESULTS: A total of 2141 patients were enrolled, and 1558 patients were successfully followed up. The 10-year cumulative re-intervention rate was 21.9%, and the < 40-year-old group had a significantly higher rate than the ≥ 40-year-old group (30.8% vs. 19.1%, p < 0.001). NPVR was an independent risk factor in both two groups. When the NPVR reached 80.5% in the < 40-year-old group and 75.5% in the ≥ 40-year-old group, the risk of long-term re-intervention was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The long-term outcome of USgHIFU is promising. The re-intervention rate is related to NPVR in differently aged patients. Young patients need a high NPVR to reduce re-intervention risk.

Predictors of dysphagia screening and pneumonia among patients with intracerebral haemorrhage in China: a cross-sectional hospital-based retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate factors associated with undergoing dysphagia screening (DS) and developing pneumonia, as well as the relationship between DS and pneumonia in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). DESIGN: Our study was a cross-sectional hospital-based retrospective study. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS: We derived data from the China Stroke Centre Alliance, a nationwide clinical registry of ICH from 1476 participating hospitals in mainland China. To identify predictors for pneumonia, multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify patient characteristics that were independently associated with DS and pneumonia. PARTICIPANTS: We included 31 546 patients in this study with patient characteristics, admission location, medical history, hospital characteristics and hospital grade from August 2015 to July 2019. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were DS and pneumonia during acute hospitalisation. RESULTS: In total, 25 749 (81.6%) and 7257 (23.0%) patients with ICH underwent DS and developed pneumonia. Compared with patients without pneumonia, those who developed pneumonia were older and had severe strokes (Glasgow Coma Scale 9-13: 52.7% vs 26.9%). Multivariable analyses revealed that a higher pneumonia risk was associated with dysphagia (OR, 4.34; 95% CI, 4.02 to 4.68), heart failure (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.77) and smoking (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.12 to 0.20). DS was associated with lower odds of pneumonia (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.95). CONCLUSION: Our findings further confirm that dysphagia is an independent risk factor for pneumonia; one-fifth of patients with ICH did not undergo DS. However, comprehensive dysphagia evaluation and effective management are crucial. Nursing processes ensure the collection of complete and accurate information during evaluation of patients. There is a need to increase the rate of DS in patients with ICH, especially those with severe stroke or older. Further, randomised controlled trials are warranted to determine the effectiveness of DS on clinical outcomes.

Bone protective effect of sinomenine against monosodium iodoacetate induced knee and hip injury in rat model: an inflammatory pathway

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease which is categorized via destruction of joint cartilage and it also affects the various joints, especially knees and hips. Sinomenine active phytoconstituents isolated from the stem of Sinomenium acutum and already proof anti-inflammatory effect against the arthritis model of rodent. In this experimental protocol, we scrutinized the anti-osteoarthritis effect of sinomenine against monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) induced OA in rats. Methods: MIA (3 mg/50 µL) was used for inducing the OA in the rats, and rats received the oral administration of sinomenine (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg body weight) up to the end of the experimental study (four weeks). The body and organs weight were estimated. Aggrecan, C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), glycosaminoglycans (GCGs), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) were analyzed. Results: Sinomenine significantly (P < 0.001) boosted the body weight and reduced the heart weight, but the weight of spleen and kidney remain unchanged. Sinomenine significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the level of nitric oxide, MCP-1 and improved the level of aggrecan, IFN-γ and GCGs. Sinomenine remarkably upregulated the level of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and suppressed the level of malonaldehyde. It effectually modulated the level of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators and significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the level of MMPs, like MMP-1, 2, 3, 9 and 13. Conclusions: Sinomenine is a beneficial active agent for the treatment of OA disease.

Influence of Nitrogen Supply on Growth, Antioxidant Capacity and Cadmium Absorption of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seedlings.

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is considered suitable for the remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farmlands, because of its large biomass and resistance to Cd stress. The addition of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an important measure used to increase crop yields, and it may also affect Cd accumulation in plants. To clarify the effects of different forms and concentrations of N on plant growth and Cd absorption in kenaf, a hydroponic experiment was conducted using three N forms (NH4+-N, NO3--N and urea-N) at four concentrations (0, 2, 4 and 8 mM, 0 mM as control) under Cd stress (30 µM). The plant growth, the antioxidant enzyme activity and the Cd contents of various parts of the kenaf seedlings were measured. The results showed that the N form had the greatest impact on the growth of the kenaf and the absorption and transport of the Cd, followed by the interaction effect between the N type and the concentration. Compared to the control, the addition of N fertilizer promoted the growth of kenaf to varying degrees. Among all the treatments, the use of 2 mM of NO3--N enhanced the biomass and Cd accumulation to the greatest extent compared to CK from 2.02 g to 4.35 g and 341.30 µg to 809.22 µg per plant, respectively. The NH4+-N significantly reduced the Cd contents of different parts but enhanced the translocation factors of Cd stem to root (TF S/R) and leaf to stem (TF L/S) by 34.29~78.57% and 45.10~72.55%, respectively. The peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities of the kenaf increased with the N treatments, especially with NH4+-N. Overall, applying low concentrations of NO3--N can better promote the extraction of Cd by kenaf.

USP1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma progression by deubiquitinating PARP1 to prevent its proteasomal degradation.

Despite its involvement in various cancers, the function of the deubiquitinase USP1 (ubiquitin-specific protease 1) is unexplored in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). In this study, we provide evidence that USP1 promotes CCA progression through the stabilization of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), consistent with the observation that both USP1 and PARP1 are upregulated in human CCA. Proteomics and ubiquitylome analysis of USP1-overexpressing CCA cells nominated PARP1 as a top USP1 substrate. Indeed, their direct interaction was validated by a series of immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), and GST pull-down assays, and their interaction regions were identified using deletion mutants. Mechanistically, USP1 removes the ubiquitin chain at K197 of PARP1 to prevent its proteasomal degradation, with the consequent PARP1 stabilization being necessary and sufficient to promote the growth and metastasis of CCA in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we identified the acetyltransferase GCN5 as acetylating USP1 at K130, enhancing the affinity between USP1 and PARP1 and further increasing PARP1 protein stabilization. Finally, both USP1 and PARP1 are significantly associated with poor survival in CCA patients. These findings describe PARP1 as a novel deubiquitination target of USP1 and a potential therapeutic target for CCA.

Antibacterial activity and mechanisms of α-terpineol against foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of α-terpineol against common foodborne pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion, broth microdilution, and colony counting assay. Propulsive research was conducted to reveal the antibacterial mechanisms, including morphology, infrared spectroscopy, membrane fluidity, membrane permeability, proton motive force, and oxidative phosphorylation. Results indicated that the antibacterial activity of α-terpineol decreased in the following order: Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. With an initial cell count of 8 log CFU/mL, α-terpineol at 0.8% (v/v) reduced E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus by approximately 5.6 and 3.9 log CFU/mL within 1 h, respectively. Remarkable destruction in cell envelopes and intracellular organizations was observed. The hydroxyl of α-terpineol might form glycosidic bonds with carbohydrates and hydrogen bonds with PO2- and COO- via infrared spectroscopy analysis. Generalized polarization of Laurdan revealed that the polar head groups of phospholipids transformed into close packed. The anisotropy variations of trimethyl amino-diphenylhexatriene (TMA-DPH) and DPH suggested membrane fluidity decreased. The N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine intake assay indicated that α-terpineol impaired the cell wall. Propidium iodide staining was indicative of damaged plasma membranes. Electron transport in the cytoplasmic membrane was impaired, inducing reactive oxygen species accumulation. Both membrane electrical potential and membrane pH gradient collapsed. The disruption of proton motive force and the leakage of ATP resulted in a deficit of intracellular ATP. Our research revealed the interaction between the hydroxyl group of α-terpineol and bacteria affects membrane function contributing to the bacteria's death. KEY POINTS: • α-Terpineol hydroxy formed glycosidic bonds and hydrogen bonds with bacteria • α-Terpineol increased the membrane gelation and reduced the membrane fluidity • Proton motive force and oxidative phosphorylation were impaired.

Impact of estrogen receptor expression level on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis in HER2-negative breast cancers.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancers with 1-10% cell staining for estrogen receptor (ER) present particular clinical features. The clinical data of estrogen receptor expression level and treatment effect are limited, particularly regarding chemotherapy benefit. We evaluated the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in ER low positive tumors (ER staining 1-10%) and compared it with ER > 10% positive tumors (ER staining > 10%) and ER-negative tumors. We further explored the differences in recurrence and survival with respect to the ER expression level. METHOD: Patients with stages II and III HER2-negative primary breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by definitive surgery were categorized according to their ER percentages into three groups: ER-negative, ER low positive, and ER > 10% positive. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between each variable and pathologic complete response (pCR). Kaplan‒Meier analysis was used to estimate survival outcomes. Cox models were used to adjust for patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 241 patients were analyzed. Of all patients included, 22 (9.1%) had ER low positive tumors, 159 (66.0%) had ER > 10% positive tumors, and 60 (24.9%) were ER-negative. Low ER positivity was significantly associated with a higher pCR rate than ER > 10% positivity (OR, 0.249; 95% CI, 0.067-0.923; P = 0.038). After a median follow-up time of 32 months, the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients with ER low positive tumors were significantly worse than those of the patients with ER > 10% positive tumors but similar to those with ER-negative tumors. After adjustment for covariates, ER low positive tumors were significantly associated with worse DFS than ER > 10% positive tumors. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that ER low positive breast cancer presents a better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and significantly worse prognosis for patients than those with ER > 10% positive tumors, but similar to the ER-negative group. These data support that this category of patients behaves clinically like patients with ER-negative breast cancer and should be treated differently from patients with ER > 10% positive tumors. Further prospective study is needed.

Ultrasound mediated gold nanoclusters-capped gas vesicles for enhanced fluorescence imaging.

The intercellular tight junction inhibits tumor imaging efficiency of nanomaterials, and enhanced cellular drug delivery with efficient detection is an important tool for tumor diagnosis. Herein, we fabricate fluorescence gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) decorated gas vesicles (GV-Au) for ultrasound (US)-mediated enhanced cellular delivery and imaging, in which GVs are living cell derived protein bubbles. GV-Au is rod-shaped sack-like structure around 230 nm, and displays improved stability and fluorescence ability compared with free Au NCs. Flow cytometry assay confirms the intracellular localization of Au NCs and GV-Au with a respective 2.20-fold enhanced cellular uptake post US treatment. Confocal images reveal the efficient cellular uptake of GV-Au under US impact, indicating that GV-Au is suitable for cellular and in vivo fluorescence imaging. Our strategy provides a new idea for efficient fluorescence imaging by penetrating cell membranes at the presence of US treatment.

Phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of different anatomical parts of Corchorus olitorius and C. capsularis during different phenological stages.

Different parts of Corchorus olitorius and C. capsularis possess different antioxidant compounds. This study investigated the phytochemical components and antioxidant capacities of ultrasound-assisted extraction of different plant parts of both species using spectrophotometry at various phenological stages. Results also indicate that leaves, stems and roots of C. olitorius at various growth stages showed higher phytochemical components and antioxidant potential compared to C. capsularis. The phytochemical components from roots to leaves in C. olitorius including total polyphenol 0.97-11.11 mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid 0.99-7.78 mg QE/g DW and total tannin 4.02-26.89 TA E/g DW, whereas C. capsularis total polyphenol 1.04-7.93 mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid 0.77-5.5.92 mg QE/g DW and total tannin content 3.17-22.73 TA E/g DW. C. olitorius produced overall 22.23%, 13.61%, 12.24% higher total polyphenol, total flavonoid and total tannin, respectively compare to C. capsularis. Different parts extract also significantly affected antioxidant capacities including DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activity with values of 22.03-79.46% inhibition, 10.84-104.10 µmol TE/g DW, and 10.84-104.10 µmol Fe2+/g DW respectively for C. olitorius, while C. capsularis demonstrated 14.03-70.97% of DPPH inhibition, 9.16-95.60 µmol TE/g DW of ABTS and 5.31-71.82 µmol Fe2+/g DW of FRAP activity. Moreover, leaves of the flowering stage, young stems and aged roots of both species displayed a higher content of phytochemical and antioxidant activities than other growth stages. A positive correlation between the phytochemical and antioxidant potential indicated that phenolic constituents solely affected antioxidant activity. Thus, this study established that the plant's parts and phenological growth stages significantly influence the concentration of phytoconstituents and antioxidant activities, and determine the harvesting stages of the different organs of C. olitorius and C. capsularis for considerable medicinal importance as folk and industry.

Unconventional surgery for thoracic esophageal rupture with empyema and mediastinitis: a case report and literature review.

Treatment of esophageal perforation or rupture is complicated and controversial, especially in advanced cases. In fact, it is generally accepted that this disease must be treated individually according to the location, causes and clinical features of rupture or perforation. A very rare case was admitted to our department, who was injured 5 days ago by high-pressure gas of a running air compressor and resulted in a long-term longitudinal rupture of the thoracic esophagus. Although the patient suffered from empyema and mediastinitis at the same time, and his condition was very serious, the debridement and desquamation of empyema were still implemented, followed by left thoracic esophagectomy and left neck approach esophagogastrostomy in the same period successfully. The patient got a good result finally.

Association of MicroRNA-10b Expression and P16 with Pathological Features in Various Stages of Cervical Precancerous Lesions.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer for females with 14,100 new cases each year globally. Efficient screening and intervention at the precancerous stage is the key point to the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. However, no widely recognized biomarkers have been discovered yet. We investigated the expression of miR-10b in cervical cells and its correlation with clinicopathological features in different pathological grades of cervical precancerous lesions. The expression of miR-10b in cervical cytology samples from 20 cases of LSIL, 22 cases of HSIL, 18 cases of early-stage cervical cancer, and 20 cases of cervicitis controls were assessed using qPCR. From the same cervical cytology samples, the human papillomavirus (HPV) load was assessed using semi-PCR and the lesion size, and gland involvement levels from the same subjects were assessed during the cervical examination. The correlation between miR-10b expression and different pathological grades of cervical lesions was analyzed. We also calculated the correlation between HPV load, lesion size, gland involvement, P16 expression, and different pathological grades. The expression of miR-10b exhibited a step-decreasing manner from cervicitis control (4.23(4.00,4.71)) to LSIL (2.67(2.52,2.90)), HSIL (1.49(1.30,1.80)) and cervical cancer group (0.65(0.55,0.80)). There is a significant difference (P<0.001) between cervicitis and HSIL, cervicitis and cervical cancer, ISIL and HSIL, as well as ISIL and cervical cancer but not between the cervicitis group and the LSIL group. In addition, more severe pathological grades were correlated with a bigger rate of gland involvement (P＜0.001). We also found that different pathological grades were correlated with the intensity of P16 expression (P=0.001), and the intensity of P16 expression is positively correlated with different pathological grades (P<0.05). Repressed expression of miR-10b is related to the progression of cervical precancerous lesions. Increased gland involvement rate and increased intensity of P16 expression are risk factors for developing cervical cancers. Our result showed that miR-10b may be a potential biomarker for the screening and ranking of cervical precancerous lesions.

Five-year follow-up on two revascularization methods used on patients with left main artery disease and/or multivessel coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are the main treatment methods for left main artery disease (LMAD) and triple-vessel coronary artery disease (TVCAD). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the five-year post-treatment effects of CABG and PCI in patients with severe coronary vasculopathy. METHODS: A total of 430 patients with LMAD and/or triple-vessel coronary artery disease from November 2014 to July 2015 were enrolled retrospectively in the affiliated cardiovascular hospital of Shanxi Medical University and divided into the CABG group and PCI group. The living conditions of the patients were obtained through medical records and telephonic follow-ups five years after the surgery date. The independent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The effects of the two treatment methods were followed up and evaluated to measure the predictive ability of the Global Risk Classification (GRC) scoring system for MACCE after five years. RESULTS: There were 212 cases in the CABG group and 218 cases in the PCI group. Smoking (P= 0.047), diabetes (P= 0.031), LVEF (P= 0.020), LMAD (P= 0.008), and anterior descending branch lesions (P= 0.038) were significantly correlated with MACCE. The prevalence of MACCE in the CABG group and PCI group had no significant difference (P= 0.549). The GRC scoring system received an AUC of 0.701 for predicting MACCE. CONCLUSION: For patients with severe coronary artery disease, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of MACCE between the CABG and the PCI groups. Several independent risk factors for MACCE were found. The GRC scoring system showed a strong predictive ability for MACCE after five years of revascularization.

Correlations of intestinal microorganisms with liver and immune functions of patients with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus coinfection.

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection has threatened the survival of HIV-infected people. To explore the correlations of intestinal microorganisms with liver and immune functions of patients with HIV/HBV coinfection. Methods: Eighty-six patients positive for HIV antibody and HBV surface antigen diagnosed from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as HIV/HBV coinfection group. Another 86 patients positive for HBV surface antigen and 86 healthy people were selected as HBV infection and control groups, respectively. The correlations of intestinal flora with liver function, inflammatory indices and immune cells were explored through Pearson's analysis. Results: Compared with control group, the proportions and numbers of T lymphocytes (CD3+), helper T lymphocytes (CD4+), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+), CD4+/CD8+ and natural killer (NK) cells decreased in HIV/HBV coinfection group (P<0.05). IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, ALT, AST, GGT, DBiL and TDBi levels were correlated negatively with Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides numbers, but positively with Enterobacter and Enterococcus numbers (P<0.05). IL-10 level and proportions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells were correlated positively with Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides numbers, but negatively with Enterobacter and Enterococcus numbers (P<0.05). Conclusion: HIV aggravates the liver damage and immuno-inflammatory response in HBV patients.