Unlocking the biological potential of transition metal complexes with Thiosemicarbazone ligands: Insights from computational studies.

In the previous study, the synthesis and characterization of 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide and benzaldehyde derivatives based thiosemicarbazone ligands and their Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes were carried out to evaluate their malarial and oxidant and inflammatory inhibition abilities, demonstrating that these compounds have robust efficacy for these ailments. In the present research, to find out a combating agent against breast cancer, tuberculosis, bacterial and fungal ailments, the compounds were tested through MTT, microplate alamar blue and serial dilution protocols. ADMET and DFT investigation were analyzed against highly bioactive compounds (2, 7-10) to give a new insight about compound's reactivity, stability and drug likeness properties. Furthermore, activity results shows that the ligand (2) and its complexes demonstrate greater efficacy compared to ligand (1) and its complexes. The Cu(II) (9) and Zn(II) (10) complexes were observed as highly efficient for breast cancer (MCF-7 cell line), TB (H37Rv strain), bacterial and fungal ailments in comparison of standard drugs with 0.029 ± 0.001 µM IC50 value for (9) in anticancer activity and 0.0034 ± 0.0017 µmol/mL MIC value for (10) in anti-tuberculosis activity. In the molecular docking investigation, the various kind of binding interactions and lowest binding affinity of (9) (against 4RJ3 (-10.0 kcal/mol), 2VCJ (-7.9 kcal/mol)) and (10) (-7.8 and -8.3 kcal/mol for 5V3Y and 3PTY protein) support their bioactivity. This research highlights the pharmaceutical importance of transition metal complexes having thiosemicarbazones, presenting a significant approach for the discovery of potent anti-infectious agent.

Recent Advancements in Organotin(IV) Complexes as Potent Cytotoxic Agents.

BACKGROUND: Cancer cases have escalated by approximately 12% since 1900 and the incidence rate has increased faster for females than males. The discovery of cisplatin in 1965 paved the way for metal-based compounds as cancer therapeutics. Unfortunately, cisplatin and other platinum-based medicines cause severe side effects. Therefore, non-platinum metal complexes have been developed as alternate cancer drugs. Among non-platinum metal complexes, organotins are the most effective candidates in oncology due to their wide range of anticancer activities with relatively minimal toxicities towards healthy cells, better excretion from the body, and fewer side effects than platinum drugs. METHODS: Using DOI searching, advances made by organotin(IV) complexes coordinated with Sn-O, Sn-N and Sn-S as chemotherapeutic agents since 2018 are summarized in this article. Their chemical structure and in vitro antiproliferative activity in terms of IC50/EC50/LD50 are cumulated. RESULTS: As reflected in this perspective, organotin(IV) complexes are found to induce high cell death via apoptosis, and also several complexes demonstrated anticancer activity even higher than standard drugs. CONCLUSION: Undoubtedly, the organotin(IV) complexes could bring hope to morbidity and mortality of human beings caused by fast-spreading cancer worldwide and can play an important role in drug discovery.

Recent Advancements in Organotin(IV) Complexes as Potential Anticancer Agents.

Cancer is a multistep disease incorporating physical, chemical, environmental, metabolic and genetic factors, which play direct or indirect role in the induction and deterioration of cancer. Many of the platinum based drugs were synthesized but due to their systemic toxicity, broad spectrum of action, intrinsic and acquired drug resistivity, it has become necessary to search for the effective anticancer drugs with superior efficiency. Among non-platinum metal compounds with antitumor activity, organotin complexes have proven effective management of toxicity, specific targeted drug uptake by the cancerous cell line and significant potential in the pharmaceutical chemistry. So this article provides a critical review from 2010 onwards of the anticancer activity of the organotin complexes reported by the authors worldwide and explores the landmarks for their future projection as novel anticancer chemotypes with high therapeutic indices.