RESUMO
We have analysed the frequency of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in cohorts of patients from Turkey with acute lymphocyte leukaemia (n = 52), acute myeloid leukaemia (n = 54) and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) (n = 52) and compared the results with 154 controls. We also examined the frequencies of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-C groups, -Bw4, -Bw6 and where appropriate the combination of the KIR gene and its ligand. We found several statistically significant results between the patients and the controls. We proposed a model in CML of protection via KIR2DL2 and/or KIR2DS2 with the presence of the ligand HLA-C1 group and susceptibility via HLA-Bw4 homozygosity (i.e. absence of HLA-Bw6).
Assuntos
Predisposição Genética para Doença , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Receptores KIR2DL2/genética , Receptores KIR/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study was designed to investigate the possible protective actions of nicotine on cerebrovascular permeability in convulsions during nicotine-induced seizures. We have measured the permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) macroscopically and spectrophotometrically by using Evans blue dye. Specific gravity measurements were also performed to assess brain edema which develops after blood-brain barrier opening. The experiments were carried out on Wistar rats. Rats were divided into two groups. They received acutely a convulsive dose of nicotine 3, 5, 8 and 9 mg kg(-1)i.p. or pretreated with a low dose of nicotine (0.8 mg kg(-1)i. p.) for 21 days followed by the procedure mentioned in the first group. Acute nicotine injection induced a significant increase in blood pressure and Evans-blue passage, despite a decline in specific gravity values. Low doses of chronic nicotine administration markedly reduced both the leakage of dye, and brain water content. Chronic treatment with low doses of nicotine (0.8 mg kg(-1)day(-1)s. c.) lessened the intensity of tonic-clonic seizures observed with a single dose of 3, 5, 8 or 9 mg kg(-1)nicotine. The data presented here demonstrate that nicotine pretreatment results in decreased sensitivity to nicotine-induced seizures in rats.