Comparative proteomics reveals anticancer compounds from Lansium domesticum against NSCLC cells target mitochondrial processes.

Lansium domesticum is identified as a potential source of anticancer compounds. However, there are minimal studies on its anti-lung cancer properties as well as its mechanism of action. Here, we show the specificity of lanzones hexane (LH) leaf extracts to non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549) compared to normal lung fibroblast cells (CCD19-Lu) and normal epithelial prostate cells (PNT2). Subsequent bioassay-guided fractionation of the hexane leaf extracts identified two bioactive fractions with IC50 values of 2.694 µg/ml (LH6-6) and 2.883 µg/ml (LH7-6). LH 6-6 treatment (1 µg/ml concentration) also showed a significantly reduced migration potential of A549 relative to the control. Thirty-one phytocompounds were isolated and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (MS) analysis and were then subjected to network pharmacology analysis to assess its effects on lung cancer target proteins. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics experiments, we were able to show that these compounds cause cytotoxic effects through targeting mitochondrial processes in A549 lung cancer cells.

The interaction of chitosan and olive oil: effects of degree of deacetylation and degree of polymerization.

The combined effects of degree of deacetylation (DD) and degree of polymerization (DP) on the ability of chitosan to interact with olive oil was studied. The oil-binding test, a method that makes use of olive oil as a representative fat, was adopted as a measure of the interaction of chitosan and olive oil. The oil-binding capacities of twelve chitosan samples with DPs ranging from 470 to 1450 and DDs of 75% to 95% were determined. The oil-binding capacities were then correlated to the DD and DP using partial least squares (PLS) regression. The generated PLS model had a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 9.1%. Results indicated that oil-binding capacity is a function of DD more than of DP. For chitosan with DD at the interval 50%90%, the observed deviation from the linear correlation increased. In this interval, free fatty acid anions facilitate the interaction of chitosan and olive oil. Free fatty acids form a stable ionic interaction with the former and a strong hydrophobic interaction with the latter.