Research on symptoms composition, time series evolution, and network visualisation of interstitial cystitis based on complex network community discovery algorithm.

We analyzed the symptoms composition of Interstitial Cystitis (IC), the regularity of the evolution of symptoms before and after treatment, and the visualization of the community network, to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of Interstitial Cystitis. Based on the outpatient electronic case data of 552 patients with Interstitial Cystitis, we used a complex network community discovery algorithm, directed weighted complex network, and Sankey map to mine the data of the symptoms composition of Interstitial Cystitis, the evolution of symptoms before and after treatment and the visualization of the community network, to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of interstitial cystitis symptoms in the real world. By the community division of the complex network of interstitial cystitis symptoms, We finally obtained three core symptom communities. Among them, symptom community A (bladder-related symptoms) is the symptom community with the highest proportion of nodes (60.00%) in the complex network of Interstitial Cystitis, symptom community B (non-bladder-related symptoms 1) ranks second (32.00%) in a complex network of Interstitial Cystitis, and symptom community C (non-bladder-related symptoms 2) has the lowest proportion (8.00%). There is a complex evolutionary relationship between the symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis before and after treatment. Among the single symptoms before and after treatment, the decreased rate of Day frequency is 93.22%, and the reduced urgency rate is 93.07%. The decline rate of Nocturia was 82.33%. From the perspective of different communities, the overall symptoms of symptom community A decreased by 34.39% after treatment, the general symptoms of symptom community B decreased by 35.37%, and the prevalent symptoms of symptom community C decreased by 71.43%. In the case of using diet regulation treatment to treat bladder pain, the cure rate of bladder pain can reach 22.67%. The cure rate of burning in bladders can get 15.38% with Percutaneous Sacral neuromodulation, 96.95% with diet regulation treatment, and 100% with Percutaneous Sacral neuromodulation. When using behavioral physiotherapy to treat bladder pain, 3.57% of the patient's symptoms change to bladder discomfort; 4% of the patient's symptoms change to bladder discomfort when using oral medicine to treat bladder pain.Symptom research methods based on community findings can effectively explore the rule of symptom outcome of Interstitial Cystitis before and after treatment, and the results are highly interpretable by professionals. The cover image is based on the Original Article Research on symptoms composition, time series evolution, and network visualisation of interstitial cystitis based on complex network community discovery algorithm by Lei Pang et al., https://doi.org/10.1049/syb2.12083.

Construction and evaluation of a column chart model and a random forest model for predicting the prognosis of hydrodistention surgery in BPS/IC patients based on preoperative CD117, P2X3R, NGF, and TrkA levels.

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to investigate independent risk factors affecting the prognoses of patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) following hydrodistention surgery and to develop a column chart model and a random forest model to help predict clinical outcomes. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1006 BPS/IC patients who visited the urology department of the Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital) between June 2012 and June 2022. The patients were randomly divided into a model group (n = 704) and a validation group (n = 302). In the model group, logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors, which were used to construct a prognostic nomogram. The nomogram was evaluated by analyzing the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve. These results were subsequently validated via consistency analysis (n = 302). And based on the random forest algorithm, we calculate the same data and construct a random forest model. RESULT: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age and the expression of the biomarkers CD117, P2X3R, NGF, and TrkA were independent prognostic factors for patients with BPS/IC (P < 0.05). Using these five indicators, a nomogram was developed to predict the risk factors for BPS/IC (scores ranged from 0 to 400). Based on the indicators, the nomogram demonstrated good prognostic performance (AUC = 0.982 and 95% confidence interva is 0.960-0.100). The correction curve indicated a high level of differentiation in the model, and the decision curve suggested positive clinical benefits. The random forest model has high accuracy and good calibration in predicting the prognosis of patients with interstitial cystitis after hydrodistention surgery. CONCLUSION: Age, CD117, P2X3R, NGF, and TrkA are independent prognostic factors for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis. The column chart model and random forest model constructed based on these indicators have good predictive performance for patient prognosis.

The safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic anterior sacral ligament suspension combined with dome suspension in the treatment of bladder prolapse after hysterectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Laparoscopic anterior sacral ligament suspension combined with dome suspension (L-ASLS + DS) and transperineal whole pelvic floor reconstruction (T-WPFR) are 2 methods for treating bladder prolapse after hysterectomy. In clinical practice, we found that L-ASLS + DS has better safety and effectiveness than T-WPFR, but there is no relevant study comparing the safety and effectiveness of these two methods. We sought to compare the efficacy and safety of L-ASLS + DS and T-WPFR in treating hysterectomy-induced bladder prolapse overa 1-year follow-up period. Methods: A total 146 patients with bladder prolapse after hysterectomy who attended Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2011 to January 2022 were included in this study. Patients were divided into study group and control group by voluntary means or economic reasons. In total, 75 patients received L-ASLS + DS surgery and 71 patients received T-WPFR surgery to treat hysterectomy-induced bladder prolapse. The L-ASLS + DS-treated patients comprised the study group, while the T-WPFR-treated patients comprised the control group. The perioperative indicators, curative effect, and postoperative complication rates in the follow-up period were compared between the 2 groups. Results: L-ASLS + DS outperformed T-WPFR in terms of the perioperative indicators, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the L-ASLS + DS group was significantly lower than that in the T-WPFR group. Conclusions: L-ASLS + DS can be used to effectively treat bladder prolapse after hysterectomy. L-ASLS + DS reduced the incidence of postoperative complications, improved the cure rate, and was shown to be safe. Thus, it is worthy of comprehensive clinical application.

Causal relationship between smoking status, smoking frequency and bladder cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for bladder cancer. However, it remained unclear that whether smoke status and smoke frequency increase bladder cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aim to explore the causal relationship between smoking status, smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer by Mendelian randomization. METHODS: Large sample size of the genome-wide association(GWAS) database of smoking status, smoking frequency and bladder cancer were obtained. Smoking status included never, previous and current whereas smoking frequency included cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking. Six sets of instrumental variables and 78 related single nucleotide polymorphic(SNP) loci were identified (P < 5 × 10-8. Linkage disequilibrium R2 < 0.001). The causal relationship between smoking status and bladder tumor was studied by inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTS: There is no causal effect from smoke status on bladder cancer risk while significantly positive relationship between smoking frequency on bladder cancer risk were found. IVW results showed that cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking increase bladder cancer (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000-1.002, P = 0.047; OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.000-1.005, P = 0.028; OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001-1.006, P = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis showed that genetic pleiotropy did not bias the results. CONCLUSION: The results of two sample Mendelian randomization analysis show that there is a positive causal relationship between smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer.

The causal association between maternal smoking around birth on childhood asthma: A Mendelian randomization study.

To explore the causal relationship between maternal smoking around birth and childhood asthma using Mendelian randomization (MR). Using the data from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we selected independent genetic loci closely related to maternal smoking around birth and maternal diseases as instrumental variables and used MR methods. In this study, we considered the inverse variance weighted method (MR-IVW), weighted median method, and MR-Egger regression. We investigated the causal relationship between maternal smoking around birth and maternal diseases in childhood asthma using the odds ratio (OR) as an evaluation index. Multivariable MR (MVMR) included maternal history of Alzheimer's disease, illnesses of the mother: high blood pressure and illnesses of the mother: heart diseaseas covariates to address potential confounding. Sensitivity analyses were evaluated for weak instrument bias and pleiotropic effects. It was shown with the MR-IVW results that maternal smoking around birth increased the risk of childhood asthma by 1.5% (OR = 1.0150, 95% CI: 1.0018-1.0283). After the multivariable MR method was used to correct for relevant covariates, the association effect between maternal smoking around birth and childhood asthma was still statistically significant (P < 0.05). Maternal smoking around birth increases the risk of childhood asthma.

HPV-16 Expression and Loss of Cell Differentiation in Primary Bladder Tumors.

Objective: Primary bladder tumors have a high degree of malignancy. To investigate the expression of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) in primary bladder tumors and the loss of cell differentiation and to explore the significance of HPV-16 detection, it is expected to be a disease. Treatment provides a theoretical basis. Methods: Fifty-seven patients with primary bladder tumors admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into HPV-related groups according to the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status (n = 28) and HPV unrelated group (n = 29). The general data of patients were collected, the expression of HPV-16 in bladder tissue samples was detected, and the correlation between pathological parameters and HPV-16 expression was analyzed. Results: Among HPV subtypes, HPV 16 subtype accounted for the highest proportion, followed by HPV-18 and HPV-6 subtypes; there was no significant difference in tumor stage (stage 1, stage a, stage 2a) between the HPV-related group and the HPV-unrelated group (stage 1, stage a, and stage 2a). P > 0.05); there was no significant difference in postoperative pathological expression (high expression and low expression) of patients (P > 0.05); there was no statistical difference in age and gender between HPV-related and HPV-unrelated groups (P > 0.05), HPV-related group and HPV-unrelated group compared daily regular drinking and smoking status, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); HPV-16 expression was not correlated with tumor differentiation degree and age of patients (P > 0.05); the area under the curve (AUC) of HPV-16 for judging primary bladder tumor expression and cellular molecular deletion was 0.891, with a sensitivity of 83.94% and a specificity of 88.57%. Conclusion: HPV-16 is an upper, expressed in primary bladder tumors and will participate in the differentiation and loss of cells, which can provide effective guidance and basis for the diagnosis of primary bladder tumors, which is an important factor for judging the pathological stage and prognosis of patients and can provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of therapeutic measures.